\u65e5\u5fd7\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecdPython\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548cELK\u96c6\u6210\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n
"""\nPython\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0eELK\u96c6\u6210\n\u5305\u542b\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u591a\u5904\u7406\u5668\u3001ELK\u96c6\u6210\u7b49\n"""\n\nimport logging\nimport logging.handlers\nimport json\nimport sys\nfrom datetime import datetime\nfrom typing import Dict, Any, Optional\nfrom pythonjsonlogger import jsonlogger\nimport queue\nimport threading\n\n\n# ============ \u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u65e5\u5fd7\u683c\u5f0f ============\nclass StructuredLogFormatter(jsonlogger.JsonFormatter):\n """\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u65e5\u5fd7\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5668"""\n \n def add_fields(self, log_record, record, message_dict):\n super().add_fields(log_record, record, message_dict)\n \n # \u6dfb\u52a0\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\n if not log_record.get('timestamp'):\n log_record['timestamp'] = datetime.utcnow().isoformat()\n \n # \u6dfb\u52a0\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ea7\u522b\n if log_record.get('level'):\n log_record['level'] = log_record['level'].upper()\n else:\n log_record['level'] = record.levelname\n \n # \u6dfb\u52a0\u6e90\u4fe1\u606f\n log_record['source'] = {\n 'file': record.filename,\n 'line': record.lineno,\n 'function': record.funcName,\n 'module': record.module\n }\n\n\n# ============ \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u65e5\u5fd7\u5904\u7406\u5668 ============\nclass AsyncHandler(logging.Handler):\n """\u5f02\u6b65\u65e5\u5fd7\u5904\u7406\u5668"""\n \n def __init__(self, handler: logging.Handler, max_queue_size: int = 1000):\n super().__init__()\n self.handler = handler\n self.queue = queue.Queue(maxsize=max_queue_size)\n self.thread = threading.Thread(target=self._process, daemon=True)\n self.thread.start()\n \n def emit(self, record):\n try:\n self.queue.put_nowait(record)\n except queue.Full:\n # \u961f\u5217\u6ee1\u65f6\u76f4\u63a5\u5904\u7406\n self.handler.emit(record)\n \n def _process(self):\n while True:\n try:\n record = self.queue.get()\n if record is None:\n break\n self.handler.emit(record)\n except Exception:\n pass\n \n def close(self):\n self.queue.put(None)\n self.thread.join(timeout=5)\n self.handler.close()\n super().close()\n\n\nclass ContextFilter(logging.Filter):\n """\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668"""\n \n def __init__(self, context: Dict[str, Any] = None):\n super().__init__()\n self.context = context or {}\n self._local = threading.local()\n \n def filter(self, record):\n # \u6dfb\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\n for key, value in self.context.items():\n setattr(record, key, value)\n \n # \u6dfb\u52a0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u672c\u5730\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\n if hasattr(self._local, 'request_id'):\n record.request_id = self._local.request_id\n \n return True\n \n def set_request_id(self, request_id: str):\n self._local.request_id = request_id\n\n\n# ============ \u65e5\u5fd7\u914d\u7f6e ============\ndef setup_logging(\n level: str = "INFO",\n log_file: Optional[str] = None,\n json_format: bool = True\n) -> logging.Logger:\n """\u914d\u7f6e\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf"""\n \n # \u521b\u5efalogger\n logger = logging.getLogger("app")\n logger.setLevel(getattr(logging, level.upper()))\n logger.handlers = [] # \u6e05\u9664\u73b0\u6709\u5904\u7406\u5668\n \n # \u521b\u5efa\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5668\n if json_format:\n formatter = StructuredLogFormatter(\n '%(timestamp)s %(level)s %(name)s %(message)s'\n )\n else:\n formatter = logging.Formatter(\n '%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s'\n )\n \n # \u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u5904\u7406\u5668\n console_handler = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout)\n console_handler.setFormatter(formatter)\n logger.addHandler(console_handler)\n \n # \u6587\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u5668\n if log_file:\n file_handler = logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler(\n log_file,\n maxBytes=10*1024*1024, # 10MB\n backupCount=5\n )\n file_handler.setFormatter(formatter)\n logger.addHandler(file_handler)\n \n # \u6dfb\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\n context_filter = ContextFilter({\n 'service': 'my-service',\n 'version': '1.0.0'\n })\n logger.addFilter(context_filter)\n \n return logger\n\n\n# ============ \u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u5668\u7c7b ============\nclass StructuredLogger:\n """\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u5668"""\n \n def __init__(self, logger: logging.Logger):\n self._logger = logger\n \n def _log(self, level: int, message: str, **kwargs):\n """\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u65e5\u5fd7"""\n extra = {'structured_data': kwargs}\n self._logger.log(level, message, extra=extra)\n \n def info(self, message: str, **kwargs):\n self._log(logging.INFO, message, **kwargs)\n \n def error(self, message: str, **kwargs):\n self._log(logging.ERROR, message, **kwargs)\n \n def debug(self, message: str, **kwargs):\n self._log(logging.DEBUG, message, **kwargs)\n \n def warning(self, message: str, **kwargs):\n self._log(logging.WARNING, message, **kwargs)\n\n\n# ============ \u4e1a\u52a1\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55 ============\nclass UserService:\n """\u7528\u6237\u670d\u52a1"""\n \n def __init__(self, logger: StructuredLogger):\n self.logger = logger\n \n def create_user(self, username: str, email: str):\n """\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237"""\n self.logger.info(\n "\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237",\n action="create_user",\n username=username,\n email=email\n )\n # \u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91...\n return {"id": 1, "username": username}\n \n def get_user(self, user_id: int):\n """\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237"""\n self.logger.info(\n "\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237",\n action="get_user",\n user_id=user_id\n )\n # \u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91...\n return {"id": user_id, "username": "alice"}\n\n\n# ============ ELK\u96c6\u6210\u793a\u4f8b ============\nclass ELKHandler(logging.Handler):\n """ELK\u65e5\u5fd7\u5904\u7406\u5668"""\n \n def __init__(self, host: str, port: int):\n super().__init__()\n self.host = host\n self.port = port\n \n def emit(self, record):\n """\u53d1\u9001\u65e5\u5fd7\u5230ELK"""\n log_entry = self.format(record)\n # \u5b9e\u9645\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001\u5230Logstash\u6216Elasticsearch\n print(f"[ELK] {log_entry}")\n\n\ndef main():\n """\u4e3b\u51fd\u6570"""\n print("="*60)\n print("Python\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1")\n print("="*60)\n \n # \u914d\u7f6e\u65e5\u5fd7\n logger = setup_logging(\n level="INFO",\n log_file="app.log",\n json_format=True\n )\n \n structured_logger = StructuredLogger(logger)\n \n # \u4f7f\u7528\u65e5\u5fd7\n print("\/n\u3010\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u65e5\u5fd7\u793a\u4f8b\u3011")\n user_service = UserService(structured_logger)\n user_service.create_user("alice", "alice@example.com")\n user_service.get_user(1)\n \n # \u8bb0\u5f55\u5f02\u5e38\n print("\/n\u3010\u5f02\u5e38\u65e5\u5fd7\u793a\u4f8b\u3011")\n try:\n 1 \/ 0\n except Exception as e:\n structured_logger.error(\n "\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef",\n error_type=type(e).__name__,\n error_message=str(e)\n )\n \n print("\/n" + "="*60)\n print("\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf\u603b\u7ed3")\n print("="*60)\n print("1. \u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u65e5\u5fd7: JSON\u683c\u5f0f\u4fbf\u4e8e\u89e3\u6790")\n print("2. \u591a\u5904\u7406\u5668: \u540c\u65f6\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u548c\u6587\u4ef6")\n print("3. \u5f02\u6b65\u5904\u7406: \u907f\u514d\u65e5\u5fd7\u963b\u585e\u4e1a\u52a1")\n print("4. \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4fe1\u606f: \u6dfb\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4fbf\u4e8e\u8ffd\u8e2a")\n print("5. ELK\u96c6\u6210: \u96c6\u4e2d\u5316\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ba1\u7406")\n print("="*60)\n\n\nif __name__ == "__main__":\n main()<\/code><\/pre>\n\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf\u67b6\u6784\u56fe<\/h3>\n