{"id":10021250,"date":"2026-02-15T11:07:10","date_gmt":"2026-02-15T03:07:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/?p=10021250"},"modified":"2026-02-15T11:07:10","modified_gmt":"2026-02-15T03:07:10","slug":"fpga%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86%e5%92%8c%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/?p=10021250","title":{"rendered":"FPGA\u539f\u7406\u548c\u5e94\u7528"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5927\u5bb6\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u826f\u8bb8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bf4\u5230FPGA\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u591a\u505a\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u90fd\u542c\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff0c\u4f46\u771f\u6b63\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u867d\u7136\u4e3b\u8981\u63a5\u89e6\u7684\u662f\u5355\u7247\u673a\u548c\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0fLinux\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6c7d\u8f66\u7535\u5b50\u9886\u57df\uff0cFPGA\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6280\u672f\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4eca\u5929\u5c31\u6765\u548c\u5927\u5bb6\u804a\u804aFPGA\u7684\u539f\u7406\u548c\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u5927\u5bb6\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a”\u795e\u79d8”\u7684\u5668\u4ef6\u6709\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n

1. FPGA\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48<\/h2>\n

1.1 FPGA\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/h3>\n

FPGA\u7684\u5168\u79f0\u662fField Programmable Gate Array\uff0c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc7\u6765\u5c31\u662f”\u73b0\u573a\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u95e8\u9635\u5217”\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\u542c\u8d77\u6765\u6709\u70b9\u62d7\u53e3\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5b9e\u5f88\u597d\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628aFPGA\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u4e00\u5757”\u7535\u5b50\u79ef\u6728”\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u79ef\u6728\u642d\u5efa\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7535\u8def\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5355\u7247\u673a(\u5982STM32)\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5355\u7247\u673a\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7f16\u7a0b\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u529f\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u800cFPGA\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u786c\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5355\u7247\u673a\u662f”\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b9a\u4e49\u529f\u80fd”\uff0c\u800cFPGA\u662f”\u786c\u4ef6\u5b9a\u4e49\u529f\u80fd”\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u5c31\u597d\u6bd4\u5355\u7247\u673a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u9762\u624b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1;\u800cFPGA\u5219\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u5f62\u91d1\u521a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u53d8\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u7535\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n

1.2 FPGA\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u5668\u4ef6\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h3>\n

\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u7535\u8def\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u9664\u4e86FPGA\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709ASIC(\u4e13\u7528\u96c6\u6210\u7535\u8def)\u3001CPLD(\u590d\u6742\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u903b\u8f91\u5668\u4ef6)\u7b49\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n

ASIC\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6700\u597d\u3001\u529f\u8017\u6700\u4f4e\uff0c\u4f46\u5f00\u53d1\u6210\u672c\u6781\u9ad8\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e00\u65e6\u6d41\u7247\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n

CPLD\u76f8\u5bf9\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u800cFPGA\u5219\u5904\u4e8e\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u65e2\u6709\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3e\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u4e4b\u524d\u505a\u6c7d\u8f66\u7535\u5b50\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684CAN\u603b\u7ebf\u534f\u8bae\u8f6c\u6362\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u7528STM32\u6765\u505a\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fdd\u8bc1;\u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e13\u7528ASIC\uff0c\u6210\u672c\u592a\u9ad8\u4e14\u5f00\u53d1\u5468\u671f\u592a\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6700\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u4e86FPGA\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u65e2\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u5728\u540e\u671f\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u7075\u6d3b\u8c03\u6574\u3002<\/p>\n

2. FPGA\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u539f\u7406<\/h2>\n

2.1 \u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u903b\u8f91\u5355\u5143(CLB)<\/h3>\n

FPGA\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u7531\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u903b\u8f91\u5355\u5143(CLB\uff0c Configurable Logic Block)\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6bcf\u4e2aCLB\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u578b\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u7535\u8def\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u67e5\u627e\u8868(LUT\uff0c Look-Up Table)\u3001\u89e6\u53d1\u5668(FF)\u548c\u591a\u8def\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u7b49\u57fa\u672c\u5143\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u67e5\u627e\u8868LUT\u662fFPGA\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u5b83\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u578b\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6bd4\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a4\u8f93\u5165\u7684LUT\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u670916\u4e2a\u5b58\u50a8\u5355\u5143\u7684\u5c0fRAM\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4efb\u610f4\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u4f60\u5199Verilog\u6216VHDL\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u7efc\u5408\u5de5\u5177\u4f1a\u628a\u4f60\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u6210LUT\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3e\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a2\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u4e0e\u95e8:<\/p>\n

module and_gate(\n    input wire a\uff0c\n    input wire b\uff0c\n    output wire y\n);\n    assign y = a & b;\nendmodule<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4e0e\u95e8\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u5728FPGA\u4e2d\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u4e00\u4e2aLUT\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
LUT\u5185\u90e8\u4f1a\u5b58\u50a8\u771f\u503c\u8868:\u5f53\u8f93\u5165\u4e3a00\u300101\u300110\u65f6\u8f93\u51fa0\uff0c\u5f53\u8f93\u5165\u4e3a11\u65f6\u8f93\u51fa1\u3002<\/p>\n
2.2 \u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e92\u8fde\u8d44\u6e90<\/h3>\n
\u5982\u679c\u8bf4CLB\u662fFPGA\u7684”\u795e\u7ecf\u5143”\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e92\u8fde\u8d44\u6e90\u5c31\u662f\u8fde\u63a5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684”\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc”\u3002<\/p>\n
FPGA\u5185\u90e8\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5e03\u7ebf\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5c40\u90e8\u4e92\u8fde\u7ebf\u3001\u5168\u5c40\u4e92\u8fde\u7ebf\u548c\u957f\u7ebf\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e92\u8fde\u7ebf\u901a\u8fc7\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u5f00\u5173\u77e9\u9635\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u4e0d\u540cCLB\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u5c31\u597d\u6bd4\u4f60\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1PCB\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u8d70\u7ebf\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u82af\u7247\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7FPGA\u662f\u5728\u82af\u7247\u5185\u90e8\u901a\u8fc7\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765”\u8d70\u7ebf”\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u4e92\u8fde\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97FPGA\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5404\u79cd\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7535\u8def\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n
2.3 \u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u6a21\u5757(IOB)<\/h3>\n
FPGA\u7684\u5916\u56f4\u662f\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u6a21\u5757(IOB\uff0c Input\/Output Block)\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e0e\u5916\u90e8\u7535\u8def\u8fdb\u884c\u4fe1\u53f7\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n
\u73b0\u4ee3FPGA\u7684IOB\u529f\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u7535\u5e73\u6807\u51c6(\u5982LVTTL\u3001LVCMOS\u3001LVDS\u7b49)\uff0c\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u5f3a\u5ea6\u3001\u4e0a\u62c9\u4e0b\u62c9\u7535\u963b\u3001\u8f93\u5165\u5ef6\u8fdf\u7b49\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0cIOB\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u5728\u505a\u9ad8\u901f\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6eIOB\u4e3aLVDS\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u9ad8\u901f\u5dee\u5206\u4fe1\u53f7\u4f20\u8f93:<\/p>\n
module lvds_interface(\n    input wire lvds_p\uff0c  \/\/ LVDS\u6b63\u7aef\n    input wire lvds_n\uff0c  \/\/ LVDS\u8d1f\u7aef\n    output wire data_out\n);\n    \/\/ FPGA\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06\u5dee\u5206\u4fe1\u53f7\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5355\u7aef\u4fe1\u53f7\n    assign data_out = lvds_p;\nendmodule<\/code><\/pre>\n
2.4 \u4e13\u7528\u786c\u4ef6\u8d44\u6e90<\/h3>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u901a\u7528\u7684CLB\u548c\u4e92\u8fde\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3FPGA\u8fd8\u96c6\u6210\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u4e13\u7528\u786c\u4ef6\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5757RAM(BRAM)\u3001DSP\u5207\u7247\u3001\u65f6\u949f\u7ba1\u7406\u5355\u5143(CMT)\u3001\u9ad8\u901f\u4e32\u884c\u6536\u53d1\u5668(GTX\/GTH)\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e13\u7528\u8d44\u6e90\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u5347\u7279\u5b9a\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6bd4\u5982DSP\u5207\u7247\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u901f\u4e58\u52a0\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u7528\u901a\u7528\u903b\u8f91\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e58\u6cd5\u5668\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5360\u7528\u5927\u91cf\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u901f\u5ea6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5f88\u6162\u3002<\/p>\n
\u800c\u4f7f\u7528DSP\u5207\u7247\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u949f\u5468\u671f\u5c31\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u6b21\u4e58\u52a0\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u63d0\u5347\u6570\u5341\u500d\u3002<\/p>\n
3. FPGA\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h2>\n
3.1 \u786c\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u7a0b<\/h3>\n
FPGA\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u786c\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u8bed\u8a00(HDL)\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684HDL\u6709Verilog\u548cVHDL\u4e24\u79cd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\uff0c\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u66f4\u503e\u5411\u4e8eVerilog\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1C\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u66f2\u7ebf\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e73\u7f13\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u4f8b\u5b50:<\/p>\n
module counter(\n    input wire clk\uff0c           \/\/ \u65f6\u949f\u4fe1\u53f7\n    input wire rst_n\uff0c         \/\/ \u590d\u4f4d\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u4f4e\u7535\u5e73\u6709\u6548\n    output reg [7:0] count    \/\/ 8\u4f4d\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u8f93\u51fa\n);\n    always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin\n        if (!rst_n) begin\n            count <= 8'd0;    \/\/ \u590d\u4f4d\u65f6\u6e05\u96f6\n        end else begin\n            count <= count + 1'b1;  \/\/ \u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u949f\u4e0a\u5347\u6cbf\u52a01\n        end\n    end\nendmodule<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a8\u4f4d\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684”always”\u5757\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u662f\u786c\u4ef6\u7535\u8def\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u949f\u4e0a\u5347\u6cbf\uff0c\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u90fd\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u52a01\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5e76\u884c\u6267\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u50cf\u5355\u7247\u673a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90a3\u6837\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
3.2 \u7efc\u5408\u4e0e\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h3>\n
\u5199\u5b8cHDL\u4ee3\u7801\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7efc\u5408(Synthesis)\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0(Implementation)\u4e24\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7efc\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f1a\u5c06HDL\u4ee3\u7801\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u95e8\u7ea7\u7f51\u8868\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u4f60\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u95e8\u7535\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5219\u5305\u62ec\u5e03\u5c40\u5e03\u7ebf\uff0c\u5c06\u903b\u8f91\u95e8\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u5177\u4f53\u7684CLB\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u89c4\u5212\u597d\u4e92\u8fde\u7ebf\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6709\u70b9\u50cf\u7f16\u8bd1C\u8bed\u8a00\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7C\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u751f\u6210\u7684\u662f\u673a\u5668\u7801\uff0c\u800cFPGA\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u5de5\u5177\u751f\u6210\u7684\u662f\u786c\u4ef6\u7535\u8def\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5de5\u5177\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u903b\u8f91\u5316\u7b80\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u5171\u4eab\u3001\u65f6\u5e8f\u4f18\u5316\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
3.3 \u65f6\u5e8f\u7ea6\u675f\u4e0e\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n
FPGA\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u65f6\u5e8f\u7ea6\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7531\u4e8eFPGA\u662f\u786c\u4ef6\u7535\u8def\uff0c\u4fe1\u53f7\u5728\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u4f20\u64ad\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u65f6\u5e8f\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u7535\u8def\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u65f6\u5e8f\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u544a\u8bc9\u5de5\u5177\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65f6\u949f\u9891\u7387\u3001\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u5ef6\u8fdf\u7b49\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65f6\u949f\u9891\u7387\u662f100MHz\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u5982\u4e0b\u7ea6\u675f:<\/p>\n
create_clock -period 10.000 -name sys_clk [get_ports clk]<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u6761\u7ea6\u675f\u544a\u8bc9\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u65f6\u949f\u5468\u671f\u662f10ns(\u5bf9\u5e94100MHz)\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5de5\u5177\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ea6\u675f\u8fdb\u884c\u5e03\u5c40\u5e03\u7ebf\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u7684\u65f6\u5e8f\u8def\u5f84\u90fd\u80fd\u572810ns\u5185\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u65f6\u5e8f\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\uff0c\u5de5\u5177\u4f1a\u62a5\u544a\u65f6\u5e8f\u8fdd\u4f8b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u4f18\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6216\u8005\u964d\u4f4e\u65f6\u949f\u9891\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n
3.4 \u4eff\u771f\u4e0e\u8c03\u8bd5<\/h3>\n
\u5728\u5c06\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5230FPGA\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u4eff\u771f\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4eff\u771f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u529f\u80fd\u4eff\u771f\u548c\u65f6\u5e8f\u4eff\u771f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u529f\u80fd\u4eff\u771f\u53ea\u9a8c\u8bc1\u903b\u8f91\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u5ef6\u8fdf;\u65f6\u5e8f\u4eff\u771f\u5219\u4f1a\u8003\u8651\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u95e8\u5ef6\u8fdf\u548c\u5e03\u7ebf\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff0c\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u771f\u5b9e\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684testbench\u4f8b\u5b50:<\/p>\n
module counter_tb;\n    reg clk;\n    reg rst_n;\n    wire [7:0] count;\n    \n    \/\/ \u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u88ab\u6d4b\u6a21\u5757\n    counter u_counter(\n        .clk(clk)\uff0c\n        .rst_n(rst_n)\uff0c\n        .count(count)\n    );\n    \n    \/\/ \u751f\u6210\u65f6\u949f\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u5468\u671f10ns\n    initial begin\n        clk = 0;\n        forever #5 clk = ~clk;\n    end\n    \n    \/\/ \u6d4b\u8bd5\u6fc0\u52b1\n    initial begin\n        rst_n = 0;\n        #20 rst_n = 1;  \/\/ 20ns\u540e\u91ca\u653e\u590d\u4f4d\n        #1000 $finish;  \/\/ \u8fd0\u884c1000ns\u540e\u7ed3\u675f\u4eff\u771f\n    end\n    \n    \/\/ \u76d1\u63a7\u8f93\u51fa\n    initial begin\n        $monitor("Time=%0t rst_n=%b count=%d"\uff0c $time\uff0c rst_n\uff0c count);\n    end\nendmodule<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2atestbench\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u65f6\u949f\u548c\u590d\u4f4d\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u5e76\u76d1\u63a7\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4eff\u771f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u786c\u4ef6\u4e4b\u524d\u53d1\u73b0\u5e76\u4fee\u590d\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
4. FPGA\u7684\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h2>\n
4.1 \u9ad8\u901f\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u4e0e\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n
FPGA\u6700\u64c5\u957f\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u9ad8\u901f\u5e76\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6211\u63a5\u89e6\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u91c7\u96c68\u8defADC\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u6bcf\u8def\u91c7\u6837\u7387\u8fbe\u5230100MSPS\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u7528\u5355\u7247\u673a\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n
\u800c\u7528FPGA\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6bcf\u8defADC\u8bbe\u8ba1\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6570\u636e\u901a\u9053\uff0c\u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8f7b\u677e\u5e94\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u7c7b\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0cFPGA\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u529f\u80fd:ADC\u63a5\u53e3\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7f13\u5b58\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u6ee4\u6ce2\u3001FFT\u53d8\u6362\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7531\u4e8e\u662f\u786c\u4ef6\u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u5ef6\u8fdf\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u5728\u51e0\u4e2a\u65f6\u949f\u5468\u671f\u5185\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u65b9\u6848\u65e0\u6cd5\u6bd4\u62df\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
4.2 \u56fe\u50cf\u89c6\u9891\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n
\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u662fFPGA\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u89c6\u89c9\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u9ad8\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u8fb9\u7f18\u68c0\u6d4b\u3001\u7279\u5f81\u63d0\u53d6\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
FPGA\u7684\u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u4f7f\u5176\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u8fd9\u7c7b\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u62ec:\u56fe\u50cf\u91c7\u96c6\u3001\u53bb\u566a\u3001\u8fb9\u7f18\u68c0\u6d4b\u3001\u5f62\u6001\u5b66\u5904\u7406\u3001\u7279\u5f81\u63d0\u53d6\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728FPGA\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u5e76\u884c\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u50cf\u7d20\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u51e0\u4e2a\u65f6\u949f\u5468\u671f\u5c31\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u6240\u6709\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
4.3 \u901a\u4fe1\u534f\u8bae\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h3>\n
\u5728\u901a\u4fe1\u9886\u57df\uff0cFPGA\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u5404\u79cd\u9ad8\u901f\u901a\u4fe1\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u6211\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6c7d\u8f66\u7535\u5b50\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0CAN FD\u3001FlexRay\u7b49\u6c7d\u8f66\u603b\u7ebf\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n
\u867d\u7136\u5e02\u9762\u4e0a\u6709\u4e13\u7528\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u82af\u7247\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u534f\u8bae\u6216\u8005\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u529f\u80fd\u65f6\uff0cFPGA\u5c31\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u4e86\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5316\u7684UART\u53d1\u9001\u6a21\u5757\u793a\u4f8b:<\/p>\n
module uart_tx(\n    input wire clk\uff0c              \/\/ \u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u949f\n    input wire rst_n\uff0c            \/\/ \u590d\u4f4d\u4fe1\u53f7\n    input wire [7:0] tx_data\uff0c    \/\/ \u5f85\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\n    input wire tx_start\uff0c         \/\/ \u53d1\u9001\u542f\u52a8\u4fe1\u53f7\n    output reg tx\uff0c               \/\/ UART\u53d1\u9001\u5f15\u811a\n    output reg tx_done           \/\/ \u53d1\u9001\u5b8c\u6210\u6807\u5fd7\n);\n    parameter CLK_FREQ = 50_000_000;  \/\/ \u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u949f\u9891\u738750MHz\n    parameter BAUD_RATE = 115200;     \/\/ \u6ce2\u7279\u7387115200\n    localparam BAUD_CNT = CLK_FREQ \/ BAUD_RATE;  \/\/ \u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u8ba1\u6570\u503c\n    \n    reg [15:0] baud_cnt;\n    reg [3:0] bit_cnt;\n    reg [9:0] tx_shift;  \/\/ \u79fb\u4f4d\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668:\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d+8\u4f4d\u6570\u636e+\u505c\u6b62\u4f4d\n    \n    reg tx_busy;\n    \n    always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin\n        if (!rst_n) begin\n            tx <= 1'b1;\n            tx_done <= 1'b0;\n            tx_busy <= 1'b0;\n            baud_cnt <= 16'd0;\n            bit_cnt <= 4'd0;\n            tx_shift <= 10'h3FF;\n        end else begin\n            if (tx_start && !tx_busy) begin\n                tx_shift <= {1'b1\uff0c tx_data\uff0c 1'b0};  \/\/ \u7ec4\u88c5\u6570\u636e\u5e27\n                tx_busy <= 1'b1;\n                tx_done <= 1'b0;\n                baud_cnt <= 16'd0;\n                bit_cnt <= 4'd0;\n            end else if (tx_busy) begin\n                if (baud_cnt < BAUD_CNT - 1) begin\n                    baud_cnt <= baud_cnt + 1'b1;\n                end else begin\n                    baud_cnt <= 16'd0;\n                    tx <= tx_shift[0];\n                    tx_shift <= {1'b1\uff0c tx_shift[9:1]};\n                    if (bit_cnt < 9) begin\n                        bit_cnt <= bit_cnt + 1'b1;\n                    end else begin\n                        tx_busy <= 1'b0;\n                        tx_done <= 1'b1;\n                    end\n                end\n            end else begin\n                tx_done <= 1'b0;\n            end\n        end\n    end\nendmodule<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u57fa\u672c\u7684UART\u53d1\u9001\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u8ba1\u6570\u548c\u79fb\u4f4d\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff0c\u5c06\u5e76\u884c\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4e32\u884c\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u51fa\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n
4.4 \u7535\u673a\u63a7\u5236<\/h3>\n
\u5728\u7535\u673a\u63a7\u5236\u9886\u57df\uff0cFPGA\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7684PWM\u751f\u6210\u3001\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u89e3\u7801\u3001FOC(\u78c1\u573a\u5b9a\u5411\u63a7\u5236)\u7b97\u6cd5\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u6bd4\u5355\u7247\u673a\uff0cFPGA\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684PWM\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u548c\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u4f3a\u670d\u7535\u673a\u63a7\u5236\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u63a7\u5236\u4e09\u76f8PWM\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u8bfb\u53d6\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97PID\u63a7\u5236\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\u5728FPGA\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e76\u884c\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u5468\u671f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u5fae\u79d2\u7ea7\u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u5feb\u3002<\/p>\n
4.5 \u52a0\u5bc6\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168<\/h3>\n
FPGA\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u5b89\u5168\u9886\u57df\u4e5f\u6709\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7531\u4e8eFPGA\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e13\u7528\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u786c\u4ef6\uff0c\u52a0\u5bc6\u901f\u5ea6\u6bd4\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\u5feb\u51e0\u4e2a\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n
\u540c\u65f6\uff0cFPGA\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u7279\u6027\u4e5f\u4f7f\u5f97\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u96be\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8f6f\u4ef6\u624b\u6bb5\u7a83\u53d6\u5bc6\u94a5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5bf9\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u519b\u4e8b\u901a\u4fe1\u3001\u91d1\u878d\u4ea4\u6613\u7b49\uff0cFPGA\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0AES\u3001RSA\u7b49\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u52a0\u901f\u3002<\/p>\n
5. FPGA\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h2>\n
5.1 \u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8<\/h3>\n
\u4ece\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7f16\u7a0b\u8f6c\u5411FPGA\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6311\u6218\u662f\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5199C\u8bed\u8a00\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e60\u60ef\u4e86\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e00\u884c\u4e00\u884c\u5730\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f46\u5728FPGA\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u90fd\u662f\u5e76\u884c\u6267\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u7535\u8def\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u601d\u8003\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6bd4\u5982\u5728C\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199:<\/p>\n
int a = 1;\nint b = 2;\nint c = a + b;\nint d = c * 2;<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bed\u53e5\u662f\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u5728Verilog\u4e2d:<\/p>\n
assign c = a + b;\nassign d = c * 2;<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2aassign\u8bed\u53e5\u662f\u540c\u65f6\u751f\u6548\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u662f\u786c\u4ef6\u8fde\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u7efc\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u5408\u903b\u8f91\u7535\u8def\uff0c\u4ecea\u3001b\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5230d\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u51e0\u7eb3\u79d2\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002<\/p>\n
5.2 \u65f6\u5e8f\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n
\u65f6\u5e8f\u95ee\u9898\u662fFPGA\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u9519\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5355\u7247\u673a\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u5c11\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u6307\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4f46\u5728FPGA\u4e2d\uff0c\u65f6\u5e8f\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u4e25\u683c\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u662f\u8de8\u65f6\u949f\u57df\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7\u6765\u81ea\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65f6\u949f\u57df\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fde\u63a5\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e9a\u7a33\u6001\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u6b65\u5668\u6216\u8005\u5f02\u6b65FIFO\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8de8\u65f6\u949f\u57df\u4fe1\u53f7:<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u53cc\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\u540c\u6b65\u5668\nreg [1:0] sync_reg;\nalways @(posedge clk_dst) begin\n    sync_reg <= {sync_reg[0]\uff0c signal_src};\nend\nassign signal_dst = sync_reg[1];<\/code><\/pre>\n
5.3 \u8d44\u6e90\u8bc4\u4f30<\/h3>\n
FPGA\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u5408\u7406\u8bc4\u4f30\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8fc7\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0d\u8db3\u6216\u8005\u65f6\u5e8f\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5148\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5316\u7684\u539f\u578b\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u65f6\u5e8f\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u518d\u9010\u6b65\u5b8c\u5584\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
5.4 \u8c03\u8bd5\u6280\u5de7<\/h3>\n
FPGA\u8c03\u8bd5\u76f8\u6bd4\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8c03\u8bd5\u8981\u56f0\u96be\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f60\u65e0\u6cd5\u50cf\u8c03\u8bd5C\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90a3\u6837\u5355\u6b65\u6267\u884c\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec:\u4f7f\u7528\u4eff\u771f\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\u524d\u671f\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u6790\u4eea(ILA)\u5728\u7ebf\u6293\u53d6\u4fe1\u53f7\u3001\u901a\u8fc7LED\u6216\u4e32\u53e3\u8f93\u51fa\u8c03\u8bd5\u4fe1\u606f\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6211\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7UART\u5c06\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u53f7\u8f93\u51fa\u5230PC\u7aef\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u89c2\u5bdfFPGA\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n
6. FPGA\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8d8b\u52bf<\/h2>\n
6.1 \u5f02\u6784\u8ba1\u7b97<\/h3>\n
\u73b0\u4ee3FPGA\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u5355\u7eaf\u7684\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u903b\u8f91\u5668\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5411\u5f02\u6784\u8ba1\u7b97\u5e73\u53f0\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6bd4\u5982Xilinx\u7684Zynq\u7cfb\u5217\uff0c\u96c6\u6210\u4e86ARM\u5904\u7406\u5668\u548cFPGA\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u8f6f\u786c\u4ef6\u534f\u540c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u67b6\u6784\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548cFPGA\u7684\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528ARM\u5904\u7406\u5668\u8fd0\u884cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u903b\u8f91\u548c\u7528\u6237\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u800c\u5c06\u5bf9\u6027\u80fd\u8981\u6c42\u9ad8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u4ea4\u7ed9FPGA\u52a0\u901f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u8f6f\u786c\u4ef6\u534f\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u662f\u672a\u6765\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n
6.2 \u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u7efc\u5408(HLS)<\/h3>\n
\u4f20\u7edf\u7684FPGA\u5f00\u53d1\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528Verilog\u6216VHDL\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u95e8\u69db\u8f83\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u7efc\u5408(HLS)\u6280\u672f\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528C\/C++\u7b49\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8bed\u8a00\u8fdb\u884cFPGA\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u5f00\u53d1\u96be\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u867d\u7136HLS\u751f\u6210\u7684\u7535\u8def\u6548\u7387\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5982\u624b\u5199HDL\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f88\u591a\u5e94\u7528\u6765\u8bf4\u5df2\u7ecf\u8db3\u591f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n
6.3 \u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u52a0\u901f<\/h3>\n
\u968f\u7740\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0cFPGA\u5728AI\u52a0\u901f\u9886\u57df\u4e5f\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u6bd4GPU\uff0cFPGA\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u4f4e\u7684\u529f\u8017\u548c\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u8fb9\u7f18\u8ba1\u7b97\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f88\u591a\u516c\u53f8\u5df2\u7ecf\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8eFPGA\u7684AI\u52a0\u901f\u5361\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u63a8\u7406\u52a0\u901f\u3002<\/p>\n
6.4 \u4e91\u7aefFPGA<\/h3>\n
\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u5382\u5546\u5982AWS\u3001\u963f\u91cc\u4e91\u7b49\u90fd\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86FPGA\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e91\u7aef\u79df\u7528FPGA\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86FPGA\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u95e8\u69db\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3aFPGA\u5f00\u8f9f\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5e02\u573a\u3002<\/p>\n
7. \u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n
FPGA\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u5668\u4ef6\uff0c\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u9886\u57df\u90fd\u6709\u4e0d\u53ef\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u638c\u63e1FPGA\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u62d3\u5bbd\u804c\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u9053\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n
\u867d\u7136FPGA\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u66f2\u7ebf\u76f8\u5bf9\u9661\u5ced\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8f6c\u53d8\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u65e6\u638c\u63e1\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5728\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u8ba1\u7b97\u3001\u5b9e\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u6e38\u5203\u6709\u4f59\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6211\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u751f\u6daf\u4e2d\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4e3b\u8981\u505a\u7684\u662f\u5355\u7247\u673a\u548c\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0fLinux\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9FPGA\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u8ba9\u6211\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u6c7d\u8f66\u7535\u5b50\u8fd9\u6837\u5bf9\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u9886\u57df\uff0cFPGA\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u6700\u4f73\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5bf9FPGA\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4ece\u4e00\u5757\u5165\u95e8\u7ea7\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u677f\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982Xilinx\u7684Artix-7\u6216\u8005Intel\u7684Cyclone\u7cfb\u5217\uff0c\u8ddf\u7740\u6559\u7a0b\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u5efa\u7acb\u786c\u4ef6\u601d\u7ef4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u591a\u770b\u770b\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3FPGA\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6700\u540e\uff0cFPGA\u5f00\u53d1\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u8010\u5fc3\u548c\u7ec6\u5fc3\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u671f\u671b\u4e00\u8e74\u800c\u5c31\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f46\u53ea\u8981\u575a\u6301\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u4f60\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u95e8\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u5f00\u53d1\u4e4b\u8def\u589e\u6dfb\u65b0\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u66f4\u591a\u7f16\u7a0b\u5b66\u4e60\u8d44\u6e90<\/strong><\/p>\n