{"id":10021242,"date":"2026-02-08T15:57:29","date_gmt":"2026-02-08T07:57:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/?p=10021242"},"modified":"2026-02-08T15:57:29","modified_gmt":"2026-02-08T07:57:29","slug":"%e4%b8%89%e6%9e%81%e7%ae%a1%e6%8e%a8%e6%8c%bd%e8%be%93%e5%87%ba%e7%94%b5%e8%b7%af%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/?p=10021242","title":{"rendered":"\u4e09\u6781\u7ba1\u63a8\u633d\u8f93\u51fa\u7535\u8def\u5206\u6790"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u4e09\u6781\u7ba1\u63a8\u633d\u8f93\u51fa\u7535\u8def\u5206\u6790<\/h2>\n<p>\u5927\u5bb6\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u826f\u8bb8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u9a71\u52a8\u5404\u79cd\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982LED\u3001\u7ee7\u7535\u5668\u3001\u7535\u673a\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5355\u7eaf\u4f9d\u9760MCU\u7684IO\u53e3\u5f80\u5f80\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u63a8\u633d\u8f93\u51fa\u7535\u8def\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u529f\u7387\u653e\u5927\u7535\u8def\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5e94\u7528\u975e\u5e38\u5e7f\u6cdb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u6765\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\u4e00\u4e0b\u4e09\u6781\u7ba1\u63a8\u633d\u8f93\u51fa\u7535\u8def\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u548c\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>1. \u63a8\u633d\u7535\u8def\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/h3>\n<h4>1.1 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\u63a8\u633d\u7535\u8def\u7684\u5206\u7c7b<\/h4>\n<p>\u63a8\u633d\u7535\u8def\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e92\u8865\u578b\u63a8\u633d\u7535\u8def<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528NPN\u548cPNP\u4e24\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4e09\u6781\u7ba1\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u63a8\u633d\u7535\u8def\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u8f93\u5165\u9ad8\u7535\u5e73\u65f6\uff0cNPN\u7ba1\u5bfc\u901a\uff0cPNP\u7ba1\u622a\u6b62\uff1b\u5f53\u8f93\u5165\u4f4e\u7535\u5e73\u65f6\uff0cPNP\u7ba1\u5bfc\u901a\uff0cNPN\u7ba1\u622a\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u63a8\u633d\u7535\u8def<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4e09\u6781\u7ba1\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u53d8\u538b\u5668\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e92\u8865\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u7535\u8def\u5728\u97f3\u9891\u529f\u653e\u4e2d\u6bd4\u8f83\u5e38\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2. \u4e92\u8865\u578b\u63a8\u633d\u7535\u8def\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/h3>\n<h4>2.1 \u7535\u8def\u7ed3\u6784\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e92\u8865\u578b\u63a8\u633d\u7535\u8def\u7684\u5178\u578b\u7ed3\u6784\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u53f7\u540c\u65f6\u9001\u5230NPN\u7ba1\u548cPNP\u7ba1\u7684\u57fa\u6781\uff0cNPN\u7ba1\u7684\u53d1\u5c04\u6781\u548cPNP\u7ba1\u7684\u53d1\u5c04\u6781\u8fde\u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u51fa\u7aef\uff0cNPN\u7ba1\u7684\u96c6\u7535\u6781\u63a5\u6b63\u7535\u6e90\uff0cPNP\u7ba1\u7684\u96c6\u7535\u6781\u63a5\u5730\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8ba9\u6211\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u753b\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u539f\u7406\u56fe\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528STM32\u7684GPIO\u53e3\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a8\u633d\u7535\u8def\u9a71\u52a8LED\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"c\">\/\/ STM32 HAL\u5e93\u914d\u7f6eGPIO\u4e3a\u63a8\u633d\u8f93\u51fa\nvoid MX_GPIO_Init(void)\n{\n    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};\n    \n    \/\/ \u4f7f\u80fdGPIOA\u65f6\u949f\n    __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();\n    \n    \/\/ \u914d\u7f6ePA5\u4e3a\u63a8\u633d\u8f93\u51fa\n    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_5;\n    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;  \/\/ \u63a8\u633d\u8f93\u51fa\u6a21\u5f0f\n    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;\n    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;\n    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &amp;GPIO_InitStruct);\n}\n\n\/\/ \u63a7\u5236\u8f93\u51fa\nvoid LED_Control(uint8_t state)\n{\n    if(state) {\n        HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_5, GPIO_PIN_SET);   \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa\u9ad8\u7535\u5e73\n    } else {\n        HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_5, GPIO_PIN_RESET); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa\u4f4e\u7535\u5e73\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>2.2 \u5de5\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8be6\u89e3<\/h4>\n<p>\u5f53\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e3a\u9ad8\u7535\u5e73\u65f6\uff0cNPN\u7ba1\u7684\u57fa\u6781\u7535\u538b\u5347\u9ad8\uff0c\u57fa\u6781-\u53d1\u5c04\u6781\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f62\u6210\u6b63\u5411\u504f\u7f6e\uff0cNPN\u7ba1\u5bfc\u901a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u7535\u6d41\u4ece\u6b63\u7535\u6e90\u7ecf\u8fc7NPN\u7ba1\u7684\u96c6\u7535\u6781-\u53d1\u5c04\u6781\u6d41\u5411\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e24\u7aef\u83b7\u5f97\u63a5\u8fd1\u7535\u6e90\u7535\u538b\u7684\u9ad8\u7535\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u65f6\uff0cPNP\u7ba1\u7684\u57fa\u6781\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53d1\u5c04\u6781\u4e3a\u6b63\u7535\u538b\uff0c\u57fa\u6781-\u53d1\u5c04\u6781\u4e4b\u95f4\u53cd\u5411\u504f\u7f6e\uff0cPNP\u7ba1\u622a\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e3a\u4f4e\u7535\u5e73\u65f6\uff0c\u60c5\u51b5\u6b63\u597d\u76f8\u53cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>NPN\u7ba1\u7684\u57fa\u6781\u7535\u538b\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u57fa\u6781-\u53d1\u5c04\u6781\u4e4b\u95f4\u7535\u538b\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5176\u5bfc\u901a\uff0cNPN\u7ba1\u622a\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u800cPNP\u7ba1\u7684\u57fa\u6781\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53d1\u5c04\u6781\u53d8\u4e3a\u8d1f\u7535\u538b\uff0c\u57fa\u6781-\u53d1\u5c04\u6781\u4e4b\u95f4\u6b63\u5411\u504f\u7f6e\uff0cPNP\u7ba1\u5bfc\u901a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u7535\u6d41\u4ece\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7ecf\u8fc7PNP\u7ba1\u7684\u53d1\u5c04\u6781-\u96c6\u7535\u6781\u6d41\u5411\u5730\uff0c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e24\u7aef\u83b7\u5f97\u63a5\u8fd1\u5730\u7535\u4f4d\u7684\u4f4e\u7535\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u5de7\u5999\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u8f93\u51fa\u9ad8\u7535\u5e73\u8fd8\u662f\u4f4e\u7535\u5e73\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e09\u6781\u7ba1\u5904\u4e8e\u5bfc\u901a\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4f4e\u963b\u6297\u7684\u7535\u6d41\u901a\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u63a8\u633d\u7535\u8def\u9a71\u52a8\u80fd\u529b\u5f3a\u7684\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2.3 \u5173\u952e\u53c2\u6570\u8ba1\u7b97<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u63a8\u633d\u7535\u8def\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8ba1\u7b97\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u662f\u57fa\u6781\u9650\u6d41\u7535\u963b\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e09\u6781\u7ba1\u653e\u5927\u500d\u6570<em>\u03b2<\/em>=100\uff0c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7535\u6d41<em>IL<\/em>=100<em>mA<\/em>\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u57fa\u6781\u7535\u6d41\u9700\u8981\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><em>IB<\/em>=<em>IB\/\u03b2=100<\/em>m<strong>A\/100<em>=1<\/em>m<\/strong>A<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8f93\u5165\u7535\u538b\u4e3a5V\uff0c\u4e09\u6781\u7ba1\u57fa\u6781-\u53d1\u5c04\u6781\u538b\u964dVBE = 0.7V\uff0c\u5219\u57fa\u6781\u9650\u6d41\u7535\u963b\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>RB = (VIN &#8211; VBE)\/IB= (5V &#8211; 0.7V)\/1mA= 4.3<em>k<\/em>\u03a9<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u9009\u62e9\u6807\u51c6\u963b\u503c4.7<em>k<\/em>\u03a9\u62163.9<em>k<\/em>\u03a9<\/p>\n<h3>3. \u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u7535\u8def\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h3>\n<h4>3.1 LED\u9a71\u52a8\u7535\u8def<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u9a71\u52a8\u5927\u529f\u7387LED\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528\u63a8\u633d\u7535\u8def\u9a71\u52a8LED\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"c\">\/\/ \u786c\u4ef6\u8fde\u63a5\uff1a\n\/\/ STM32 PA5 -&gt; R1(4.7k) -&gt; Q1(NPN)\u57fa\u6781\n\/\/ STM32 PA5 -&gt; R2(4.7k) -&gt; Q2(PNP)\u57fa\u6781\n\/\/ Q1\u96c6\u7535\u6781 -&gt; VCC(12V)\n\/\/ Q2\u96c6\u7535\u6781 -&gt; GND\n\/\/ Q1\u53d1\u5c04\u6781 = Q2\u53d1\u5c04\u6781 -&gt; LED\u6b63\u6781\n\/\/ LED\u8d1f\u6781 -&gt; R3(\u9650\u6d41\u7535\u963b) -&gt; GND\n\n#define LED_PIN GPIO_PIN_5\n#define LED_PORT GPIOA\n\n\/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u5316LED\u9a71\u52a8\nvoid LED_Driver_Init(void)\n{\n    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};\n    \n    __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();\n    \n    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = LED_PIN;\n    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;\n    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;\n    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_MEDIUM;\n    HAL_GPIO_Init(LED_PORT, &amp;GPIO_InitStruct);\n    \n    \/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u8bbe\u4e3a\u4f4e\u7535\u5e73\n    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_PORT, LED_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);\n}\n\n\/\/ PWM\u8c03\u5149\u63a7\u5236\nvoid LED_PWM_Control(uint8_t brightness)\n{\n    \/\/ brightness: 0-100\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4eae\u5ea6\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\n    uint16_t period = 1000;  \/\/ PWM\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u5355\u4f4dus\n    uint16_t pulse_width = (period * brightness) \/ 100;\n    \n    for(uint16_t i = 0; i &lt; period; i++) {\n        if(i &lt; pulse_width) {\n            HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_PORT, LED_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);\n        } else {\n            HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED_PORT, LED_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);\n        }\n        \/\/ \u5ef6\u65f61us\uff08\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528\u786c\u4ef6PWM\uff09\n        delay_us(1);\n    }\n}\n\n\/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u786c\u4ef6PWM\u7684\u66f4\u4f18\u65b9\u6848\nvoid LED_Hardware_PWM_Init(void)\n{\n    TIM_HandleTypeDef htim2;\n    TIM_OC_InitTypeDef sConfigOC = {0};\n    \n    \/\/ \u914d\u7f6e\u5b9a\u65f6\u56682\n    htim2.Instance = TIM2;\n    htim2.Init.Prescaler = 72-1;  \/\/ \u5047\u8bbe\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u949f72MHz\n    htim2.Init.CounterMode = TIM_COUNTERMODE_UP;\n    htim2.Init.Period = 1000-1;   \/\/ PWM\u9891\u73871kHz\n    htim2.Init.ClockDivision = TIM_CLOCKDIVISION_DIV1;\n    HAL_TIM_PWM_Init(&amp;htim2);\n    \n    \/\/ \u914d\u7f6ePWM\u901a\u9053\n    sConfigOC.OCMode = TIM_OCMODE_PWM1;\n    sConfigOC.Pulse = 0;\n    sConfigOC.OCPolarity = TIM_OCPOLARITY_HIGH;\n    sConfigOC.OCFastMode = TIM_OCFAST_DISABLE;\n    HAL_TIM_PWM_ConfigChannel(&amp;htim2, &amp;sConfigOC, TIM_CHANNEL_1);\n    \n    \/\/ \u542f\u52a8PWM\n    HAL_TIM_PWM_Start(&amp;htim2, TIM_CHANNEL_1);\n}\n\nvoid LED_Set_Brightness(uint8_t brightness)\n{\n    \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5360\u7a7a\u6bd4\n    __HAL_TIM_SET_COMPARE(&amp;htim2, TIM_CHANNEL_1, brightness * 10);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>3.2 \u7ee7\u7535\u5668\u9a71\u52a8\u7535\u8def<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u6c7d\u8f66\u7535\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ee7\u7535\u5668\u662f\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5f00\u5173\u5668\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u63a8\u633d\u7535\u8def\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u7535\u6d41\u6765\u53ef\u9760\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u7ee7\u7535\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ee7\u7535\u5668\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"c\">\/\/ \u7ee7\u7535\u5668\u9a71\u52a8\u7535\u8def\n\/\/ \u786c\u4ef6\u8fde\u63a5\uff1a\n\/\/ STM32 PB0 -&gt; \u63a8\u633d\u9a71\u52a8\u7535\u8def -&gt; \u7ee7\u7535\u5668\u7ebf\u5708\n\/\/ \u7ee7\u7535\u5668\u7ebf\u5708\u5e76\u8054\u7eed\u6d41\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\n\n#define RELAY_PIN GPIO_PIN_0\n#define RELAY_PORT GPIOB\n\ntypedef struct {\n    GPIO_TypeDef* port;\n    uint16_t pin;\n    uint8_t state;\n    uint32_t last_toggle_time;\n} Relay_TypeDef;\n\nRelay_TypeDef relay1 = {\n    .port = RELAY_PORT,\n    .pin = RELAY_PIN,\n    .state = 0,\n    .last_toggle_time = 0\n};\n\n\/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7ee7\u7535\u5668\nvoid Relay_Init(Relay_TypeDef* relay)\n{\n    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};\n    \n    \/\/ \u4f7f\u80fd\u65f6\u949f\n    if(relay-&gt;port == GPIOB) {\n        __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();\n    }\n    \n    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = relay-&gt;pin;\n    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;\n    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;\n    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;\n    HAL_GPIO_Init(relay-&gt;port, &amp;GPIO_InitStruct);\n    \n    \/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u5173\u95ed\n    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(relay-&gt;port, relay-&gt;pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);\n    relay-&gt;state = 0;\n}\n\n\/\/ \u7ee7\u7535\u5668\u63a7\u5236\uff08\u5e26\u9632\u6296\u52a8\uff09\nvoid Relay_Control(Relay_TypeDef* relay, uint8_t state)\n{\n    uint32_t current_time = HAL_GetTick();\n    \n    \/\/ \u9632\u6b62\u9891\u7e41\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u95f4\u9694100ms\n    if(current_time - relay-&gt;last_toggle_time &lt; 100) {\n        return;\n    }\n    \n    if(state &amp;&amp; !relay-&gt;state) {\n        \/\/ \u6253\u5f00\u7ee7\u7535\u5668\n        HAL_GPIO_WritePin(relay-&gt;port, relay-&gt;pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);\n        relay-&gt;state = 1;\n        relay-&gt;last_toggle_time = current_time;\n    } else if(!state &amp;&amp; relay-&gt;state) {\n        \/\/ \u5173\u95ed\u7ee7\u7535\u5668\n        HAL_GPIO_WritePin(relay-&gt;port, relay-&gt;pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);\n        relay-&gt;state = 0;\n        relay-&gt;last_toggle_time = current_time;\n    }\n}\n\n\/\/ \u7ee7\u7535\u5668\u72b6\u6001\u8bfb\u53d6\nuint8_t Relay_Get_State(Relay_TypeDef* relay)\n{\n    return relay-&gt;state;\n}\n\n\/\/ \u7ee7\u7535\u5668\u7ffb\u8f6c\nvoid Relay_Toggle(Relay_TypeDef* relay)\n{\n    Relay_Control(relay, !relay-&gt;state);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>3.3 \u7535\u673a\u9a71\u52a8\u7535\u8def<\/h4>\n<p>\u63a8\u633d\u7535\u8def\u4e5f\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5c0f\u529f\u7387\u76f4\u6d41\u7535\u673a\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7PWM\u63a7\u5236\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u7535\u673a\u8c03\u901f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"c\">\/\/ \u7535\u673a\u9a71\u52a8\n#define MOTOR_PIN GPIO_PIN_6\n#define MOTOR_PORT GPIOA\n#define MOTOR_TIMER TIM3\n#define MOTOR_CHANNEL TIM_CHANNEL_1\n\ntypedef struct {\n    TIM_HandleTypeDef* htim;\n    uint32_t channel;\n    uint8_t speed;      \/\/ 0-100\n    uint8_t direction;  \/\/ 0:\u6b63\u8f6c, 1:\u53cd\u8f6c\n} Motor_TypeDef;\n\nMotor_TypeDef motor1;\n\n\/\/ \u7535\u673a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\nvoid Motor_Init(Motor_TypeDef* motor, TIM_HandleTypeDef* htim, uint32_t channel)\n{\n    motor-&gt;htim = htim;\n    motor-&gt;channel = channel;\n    motor-&gt;speed = 0;\n    motor-&gt;direction = 0;\n    \n    \/\/ \u542f\u52a8PWM\n    HAL_TIM_PWM_Start(motor-&gt;htim, motor-&gt;channel);\n}\n\n\/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7535\u673a\u901f\u5ea6\nvoid Motor_Set_Speed(Motor_TypeDef* motor, uint8_t speed)\n{\n    if(speed &gt; 100) speed = 100;\n    \n    motor-&gt;speed = speed;\n    \n    \/\/ \u8ba1\u7b97PWM\u5360\u7a7a\u6bd4\n    uint32_t pulse = (motor-&gt;htim-&gt;Init.Period * speed) \/ 100;\n    __HAL_TIM_SET_COMPARE(motor-&gt;htim, motor-&gt;channel, pulse);\n}\n\n\/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7535\u673a\u65b9\u5411\nvoid Motor_Set_Direction(Motor_TypeDef* motor, uint8_t direction)\n{\n    motor-&gt;direction = direction;\n    \/\/ \u8fd9\u91cc\u9700\u8981\u914d\u5408H\u6865\u7535\u8def\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5411\u63a7\u5236\n}\n\n\/\/ \u7535\u673a\u542f\u52a8\nvoid Motor_Start(Motor_TypeDef* motor, uint8_t speed, uint8_t direction)\n{\n    Motor_Set_Direction(motor, direction);\n    Motor_Set_Speed(motor, speed);\n}\n\n\/\/ \u7535\u673a\u505c\u6b62\nvoid Motor_Stop(Motor_TypeDef* motor)\n{\n    Motor_Set_Speed(motor, 0);\n}\n\n\/\/ \u7535\u673a\u52a0\u901f\nvoid Motor_Accelerate(Motor_TypeDef* motor, uint8_t target_speed, uint16_t time_ms)\n{\n    uint8_t current_speed = motor-&gt;speed;\n    uint16_t steps = time_ms \/ 10;  \/\/ \u6bcf10ms\u8c03\u6574\u4e00\u6b21\n    int16_t speed_increment = (target_speed - current_speed) \/ steps;\n    \n    for(uint16_t i = 0; i &lt; steps; i++) {\n        current_speed += speed_increment;\n        Motor_Set_Speed(motor, current_speed);\n        HAL_Delay(10);\n    }\n    \n    Motor_Set_Speed(motor, target_speed);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>4. \u63a8\u633d\u7535\u8def\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h3>\n<h4>4.1 \u4ea4\u8d8a\u5931\u771f\u7684\u6d88\u9664<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728\u4e92\u8865\u63a8\u633d\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u53eb\u505a\u4ea4\u8d8a\u5931\u771f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u53f7\u5728\u96f6\u70b9\u9644\u8fd1\u65f6\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e09\u6781\u7ba1\u90fd\u5904\u4e8e\u4e34\u754c\u5bfc\u901a\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u5931\u771f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e09\u6781\u7ba1\u7684\u57fa\u6781\u4e4b\u95f4\u52a0\u5165\u504f\u7f6e\u7535\u8def\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b83\u4eec\u59cb\u7ec8\u5904\u4e8e\u5fae\u5bfc\u901a\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u4e32\u8054\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u504f\u7f6e\u7535\u538b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"c\">\/\/ \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u57fa\u6781\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u504f\u7f6e\n\/\/ \u8fd9\u91cc\u901a\u8fc7\u8f6f\u4ef6\u65b9\u5f0f\u6a21\u62df\u504f\u7f6e\u6548\u679c\n\n#define BIAS_VOLTAGE 0.6  \/\/ \u504f\u7f6e\u7535\u538b\uff0c\u5355\u4f4dV\n\n\/\/ \u5e26\u504f\u7f6e\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u63a7\u5236\nvoid Biased_Output_Control(uint8_t level)\n{\n    \/\/ \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u786c\u4ef6\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u504f\u7f6e\n    \/\/ \u8fd9\u91cc\u4ec5\u4f5c\u793a\u610f\n    if(level &gt; 128) {\n        \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa\u9ad8\u7535\u5e73\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u504f\u7f6e\n        HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_5, GPIO_PIN_SET);\n    } else {\n        \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa\u4f4e\u7535\u5e73\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u504f\u7f6e\n        HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_5, GPIO_PIN_RESET);\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>4.2 \u8fc7\u6d41\u4fdd\u62a4\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728\u9a71\u52a8\u5927\u529f\u7387\u8d1f\u8f7d\u65f6\uff0c\u8fc7\u6d41\u4fdd\u62a4\u662f\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u4e32\u8054\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u963b\u503c\u7684\u91c7\u6837\u7535\u963b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7ADC\u91c7\u96c6\u7535\u538b\u6765\u76d1\u6d4b\u7535\u6d41\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"c\">\/\/ \u8fc7\u6d41\u4fdd\u62a4\n#define CURRENT_SENSE_PIN GPIO_PIN_0\n#define CURRENT_SENSE_PORT GPIOA\n#define MAX_CURRENT_MA 500  \/\/ \u6700\u5927\u7535\u6d41500mA\n#define SENSE_RESISTOR 0.1  \/\/ \u91c7\u6837\u7535\u963b0.1\u6b27\u59c6\n\ntypedef struct {\n    ADC_HandleTypeDef* hadc;\n    uint32_t channel;\n    uint16_t max_current;\n    uint8_t protection_enabled;\n} Current_Protection_TypeDef;\n\nCurrent_Protection_TypeDef current_protection;\n\n\/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8fc7\u6d41\u4fdd\u62a4\nvoid Current_Protection_Init(Current_Protection_TypeDef* cp, ADC_HandleTypeDef* hadc, uint32_t channel)\n{\n    cp-&gt;hadc = hadc;\n    cp-&gt;channel = channel;\n    cp-&gt;max_current = MAX_CURRENT_MA;\n    cp-&gt;protection_enabled = 1;\n}\n\n\/\/ \u8bfb\u53d6\u7535\u6d41\u503c\nuint16_t Read_Current(Current_Protection_TypeDef* cp)\n{\n    uint32_t adc_value;\n    float voltage, current;\n    \n    \/\/ \u542f\u52a8ADC\u8f6c\u6362\n    HAL_ADC_Start(cp-&gt;hadc);\n    HAL_ADC_PollForConversion(cp-&gt;hadc, 100);\n    adc_value = HAL_ADC_GetValue(cp-&gt;hadc);\n    HAL_ADC_Stop(cp-&gt;hadc);\n    \n    \/\/ \u8ba1\u7b97\u7535\u538b\u548c\u7535\u6d41\n    \/\/ \u5047\u8bbeADC\u53c2\u8003\u7535\u538b3.3V\uff0c12\u4f4d\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\n    voltage = (adc_value * 3.3) \/ 4096.0;\n    current = voltage \/ SENSE_RESISTOR;  \/\/ \u5355\u4f4d\uff1aA\n    \n    return (uint16_t)(current * 1000);  \/\/ \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3amA\n}\n\n\/\/ \u8fc7\u6d41\u68c0\u6d4b\nuint8_t Check_Overcurrent(Current_Protection_TypeDef* cp)\n{\n    if(!cp-&gt;protection_enabled) return 0;\n    \n    uint16_t current = Read_Current(cp);\n    \n    if(current &gt; cp-&gt;max_current) {\n        \/\/ \u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u8fc7\u6d41\n        return 1;\n    }\n    \n    return 0;\n}\n\n\/\/ \u5e26\u8fc7\u6d41\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u63a7\u5236\nvoid Protected_Load_Control(uint8_t state)\n{\n    if(state) {\n        \/\/ \u6253\u5f00\u8d1f\u8f7d\n        HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_5, GPIO_PIN_SET);\n        \n        \/\/ \u5ef6\u65f6\u4e00\u5c0f\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u540e\u68c0\u6d4b\u7535\u6d41\n        HAL_Delay(10);\n        \n        if(Check_Overcurrent(&amp;current_protection)) {\n            \/\/ \u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u8fc7\u6d41\uff0c\u7acb\u5373\u5173\u95ed\u8f93\u51fa\n            HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_5, GPIO_PIN_RESET);\n            \/\/ \u8bb0\u5f55\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u6216\u89e6\u53d1\u62a5\u8b66\n            Error_Handler();\n        }\n    } else {\n        \/\/ \u5173\u95ed\u8d1f\u8f7d\n        HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_5, GPIO_PIN_RESET);\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>4.3 \u70ed\u4fdd\u62a4\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h4>\n<p>\u5927\u529f\u7387\u63a8\u633d\u7535\u8def\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u70ed\u91cf\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u6e29\u5ea6\u76d1\u6d4b\u548c\u4fdd\u62a4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"c\">\/\/ \u6e29\u5ea6\u4fdd\u62a4\n#define TEMP_SENSOR_PIN GPIO_PIN_1\n#define MAX_TEMPERATURE 85  \/\/ \u6700\u5927\u6e29\u5ea685\u00b0C\n\ntypedef struct {\n    ADC_HandleTypeDef* hadc;\n    uint32_t channel;\n    int16_t max_temp;\n    int16_t current_temp;\n    uint8_t protection_enabled;\n} Thermal_Protection_TypeDef;\n\nThermal_Protection_TypeDef thermal_protection;\n\n\/\/ \u8bfb\u53d6\u6e29\u5ea6\nint16_t Read_Temperature(Thermal_Protection_TypeDef* tp)\n{\n    uint32_t adc_value;\n    float voltage, temperature;\n    \n    HAL_ADC_Start(tp-&gt;hadc);\n    HAL_ADC_PollForConversion(tp-&gt;hadc, 100);\n    adc_value = HAL_ADC_GetValue(tp-&gt;hadc);\n    HAL_ADC_Stop(tp-&gt;hadc);\n    \n    \/\/ \u5047\u8bbe\u4f7f\u7528NTC\u70ed\u654f\u7535\u963b\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u7279\u6027\u8ba1\u7b97\n    voltage = (adc_value * 3.3) \/ 4096.0;\n    \n    \/\/ \u7b80\u5316\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\uff08\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528\u67e5\u8868\u6cd5\u6216B\u503c\u516c\u5f0f\uff09\n    temperature = (voltage - 0.5) * 100;\n    \n    tp-&gt;current_temp = (int16_t)temperature;\n    return tp-&gt;current_temp;\n}\n\n\/\/ \u6e29\u5ea6\u4fdd\u62a4\u68c0\u6d4b\nuint8_t Check_Overtemperature(Thermal_Protection_TypeDef* tp)\n{\n    if(!tp-&gt;protection_enabled) return 0;\n    \n    int16_t temp = Read_Temperature(tp);\n    \n    if(temp &gt; tp-&gt;max_temp) {\n        return 1;\n    }\n    \n    return 0;\n}\n\n\/\/ \u7efc\u5408\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u63a7\u5236\nvoid Safe_Load_Control(uint8_t state)\n{\n    if(state) {\n        \/\/ \u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u6e29\u5ea6\n        if(Check_Overtemperature(&amp;thermal_protection)) {\n            \/\/ \u6e29\u5ea6\u8fc7\u9ad8\uff0c\u62d2\u7edd\u5f00\u542f\n            return;\n        }\n        \n        \/\/ \u6253\u5f00\u8d1f\u8f7d\n        HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_5, GPIO_PIN_SET);\n        \n        \/\/ \u68c0\u67e5\u7535\u6d41\n        HAL_Delay(10);\n        if(Check_Overcurrent(&amp;current_protection)) {\n            HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_5, GPIO_PIN_RESET);\n            return;\n        }\n    } else {\n        HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_5, GPIO_PIN_RESET);\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>5. \u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n<h4>5.1 \u8f93\u51fa\u6ce2\u5f62\u632f\u8361<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u63a8\u633d\u7535\u8def\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u632f\u8361\u73b0\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7535\u5bb9\u548c\u7535\u8def\u5bc4\u751f\u7535\u611f\u5f62\u6210\u4e86LC\u632f\u8361\u56de\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5728\u8f93\u51fa\u7aef\u5e76\u8054\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7535\u5bb9\uff08\u901a\u5e380.1<em>\u03bcF<\/em>\u52301<em>\u03bcF<\/em>\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u6ee4\u6ce2\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e32\u8054\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7535\u963b\u8fdb\u884c\u963b\u5c3c\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>5.2 \u4e0a\u7535\u77ac\u95f4\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\u7535\u6d41<\/h4>\n<p>\u5f53\u63a8\u633d\u7535\u8def\u9a71\u52a8\u5bb9\u6027\u8d1f\u8f7d\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0a\u7535\u77ac\u95f4\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\u7535\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8f6f\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"c\">\/\/ \u8f6f\u542f\u52a8\u51fd\u6570\nvoid Soft_Start_Output(uint16_t ramp_time_ms)\n{\n    uint16_t steps = ramp_time_ms \/ 10;\n    uint16_t pwm_period = 1000;  \/\/ PWM\u5468\u671f\n    \n    for(uint16_t i = 0; i &lt;= steps; i++) {\n        uint16_t duty = (pwm_period * i) \/ steps;\n        \n        \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6ePWM\u5360\u7a7a\u6bd4\n        __HAL_TIM_SET_COMPARE(&amp;htim2, TIM_CHANNEL_1, duty);\n        HAL_Delay(10);\n    }\n    \n    \/\/ \u6700\u7ec8\u5207\u6362\u5230\u76f4\u6d41\u8f93\u51fa\n    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_5, GPIO_PIN_SET);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>5.3 EMI\u95ee\u9898<\/h4>\n<p>\u63a8\u633d\u7535\u8def\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u5f00\u5173\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u7535\u78c1\u5e72\u6270\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728PCB\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u70b9\uff1a\u9a71\u52a8\u4fe1\u53f7\u8d70\u7ebf\u8981\u77ed\uff0c\u8fdc\u79bb\u654f\u611f\u7535\u8def\uff1b\u5728\u7535\u6e90\u5f15\u811a\u9644\u8fd1\u653e\u7f6e\u53bb\u8026\u7535\u5bb9\uff1b\u4f7f\u7528\u5730\u5e73\u9762\u6765\u964d\u4f4e\u56de\u8def\u9762\u79ef\uff1b\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e32\u8054\u5c0f\u7535\u963b\u6765\u964d\u4f4e\u5f00\u5173\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>6. \u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<p>\u63a8\u633d\u8f93\u51fa\u7535\u8def\u662f\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u7535\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u9a71\u52a8\u80fd\u529b\u5f3a\u3001\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\u3001\u8f93\u51fa\u963b\u6297\u4f4e\u7b49\u4f18\u70b9\uff0c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8eLED\u9a71\u52a8\u3001\u7ee7\u7535\u5668\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u7535\u673a\u9a71\u52a8\u7b49\u573a\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7279\u6027\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u4e09\u6781\u7ba1\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u597d\u57fa\u6781\u9650\u6d41\u7535\u963b\uff0c\u5e76\u8003\u8651\u8fc7\u6d41\u4fdd\u62a4\u3001\u70ed\u4fdd\u62a4\u7b49\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u6587\u7684\u5206\u6790\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u5927\u5bb6\u5bf9\u63a8\u633d\u7535\u8def\u6709\u4e86\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5148\u5728\u9762\u5305\u677f\u4e0a\u642d\u5efa\u7535\u8def\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u53c2\u6570\u65e0\u8bef\u540e\u518d\u8fdb\u884cPCB\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7535\u8def\u7684\u6563\u70ed\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u52a0\u88c5\u6563\u70ed\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ea\u6709\u628a\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u51fa\u53ef\u9760\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u63a8\u633d\u9a71\u52a8\u7535\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u66f4\u591a\u7f16\u7a0b\u5b66\u4e60\u8d44\u6e90<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=mtqdwFvk7Dk7ZDfxlzWq8Q%3D%3D.vRbSVCYa%2BGAitACkW17yPlM0kbIHm5BR7ykQzPt7gBD8z0zJemASJ%2BW1Qe4JKG%2B2fU%2FrrZHD3lsOTxjKZJ1QCA%3D%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">C\u8bed\u8a00\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u7535\u5b50\u4e66-2026\u6700\u65b0\u7248<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=QAASpPn%2FL3MrOG6KqQEy7w%3D%3D.c9tF6iyK%2BpCN5wUv84VYqVr6w1w%2BIPV%2FOCdR5u8pyorDRmjnroc4WNV29ThpA9Pb6p0gNVVFXZ2JJWajrZ%2BGbQ%3D%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">STM32\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u7535\u5b50\u4e66-2026\u6700\u65b0\u7248<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=xSRB%2F%2FcnhAKfEn%2FPoWddOA%3D%3D.cVDL%2Bs6Dp7ajiyg8jw1ZkYONY9eFVltIo42ii6ADCB8jSf4BiNli7GhfQR%2FxuPSO587PL0wsO0S4Kjt%2BT7hZwUV%2FM%2B9qW4t0wtU%2FaZ81vYk%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">FreeRTOS\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u7535\u5b50\u4e66-2026\u6700\u65b0\u7248<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=1NGqG8TAQJJBbJ5tC34auQ%3D%3D.NBkg9bGF7lJLG7SYxecK4kOocyrUZtuUBRIRBrRydfWielrMUWRYt6SqFsJL39gYLscuTVPokZvFQU4wEehc9A%3D%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">C++ \u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u7535\u5b50\u4e66-2026\u6700\u65b0\u7248<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=eRG4ZwIUcocxXlsEGew%2BDw%3D%3D.8%2F8fuFhpRcQgfg7Y6x43%2BqW2fBar55eAfeZ%2FoyZN7bzc90ETXp4wRzaKymwRmyVQJjA6Ja0sTn4hPUIG8RRjmQ%3D%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">51\u5355\u7247\u673a\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=oFSjFgra7bEf1a4dhU73MQ%3D%3D.mVJpC8q6GznhLUPZwXPqiHa%2B8b4kxQPMbdcOO26hKV%2FhiM8CSsAhJoIoBo9N%2BxP4jxEGu8PNlGW%2BdnvGYe6KhA%3D%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">AD\u753b\u677f\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=hQIbb9%2BYzLKo7iPFZueLpQ%3D%3D.K4hSVh7cLfjaR07mj6SmASeVPXZ7V42jyiJRy99%2BC9ukbhAc5FmA3hBNFijl4GhnCWtuB5WO6nn%2B3J5Qmr5Ywg%3D%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">C\u8bed\u8a00\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=SkosEtQvQDxQSRkL4EdREQ%3D%3D.i07DCfDTv0ZJZIbX2L7h%2FKmikp8WD%2F4aGdW3xHRIq%2FXJYoOs6YjA%2BI%2B%2FAnLtXbVlOk4uO3h1fMKqfiHLoiH1QQ%3D%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">C++\u8bed\u8a00\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=OltLPqaj86cWibuKGPBouQ%3D%3D.mq1RZkvIfvKqQCS1tbdblKc%2BrdDSF%2Bsltf1PsEjnVr8u9qLa8luxiD5NKP%2BFLUzEan3c0j0fp9Mv%2BqeLZkloGlaXWWTtQVHYVTfpv%2B%2B7Cfw%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">ESP32\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=0yOS1Z2k37RF7nCfzxhX1w%3D%3D.8LEmyn7KabJf%2FU2%2FNUP2oEgBOYR3%2BL4MYQPU%2BN3scQeQaYJnAGQUYhPRspwDFtMgX%2BftwDvs8OW%2BjaCiMvIeRjVJYdwWzBeX%2Frvlw1htW4I%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">FreeRTOS\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=jUCR01nMjjNMZewloS0c6g%3D%3D.KweecG3FCVWTLegjvXeaeeCy0P0tyOWf00jzA7dvWLu1UnYLtX9DnQ8m4Eb3Udiq%2BqqtP7ZzEg1Go82%2FUl%2FbGFrbUk%2BD5TYE%2BvuZ4PbJtr4%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Linux\u5e94\u7528\u5f00\u53d1\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=YBRTneJkB94o2oiGHVTrrw%3D%3D.T7E%2B9tZkJzodf%2FhQjA7Lg190OV1tQbLS9Ezf6O7FllbkTNpEz8%2B3sp6mQC44kzzlRk2GBfZfZO2GxC7SZsqzCTKkC7asnLoFfCAy%2FCIevE8%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Linux\u5e95\u5c42\u5f00\u53d1\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=zRSRuDo375YXuoBBVfbTGw%3D%3D.%2BOgbUntF8YdzUeRA%2Fdy%2F64S2ec0jmG%2FAVAg6Mu3ddZTMnnKmR7zAz7txQNgt7v1Olyy1A03ADReAF6sHmlfHhA%3D%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">LVGL\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=y29wFQuwKfGAje7HcBiYqA%3D%3D.UrEIycTRtx4yS6ra9lWl0rRdaoVHZJ5ugRB0al8NENjjD%2FtbHpY3z0IkZWlGW8wWJDSRYKRilyzHu1wiL%2Fw7lA%3D%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">QT\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=HIQmgAK03TDIVCOLoZuLfw%3D%3D.AE6X2bOvrNN1Hkzi9zzZiv0yIB9zDhQWRHPf9nI8ChxcFptRB55PpjnGXh77DyCNi4wyAEq00VfO5bHEsmUn1FKBFoRHdevIb%2F84az2eEi4%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">STM32\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/a\/1190000047600056\">https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/a\/1190000047600056<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e09\u6781\u7ba1\u63a8\u633d\u8f93\u51fa\u7535\u8def\u5206\u6790 \u5927\u5bb6\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u826f\u8bb8\u3002 \u5728\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u9a71\u52a8\u5404\u79cd\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982LED\u3001\u7ee7\u7535\u5668\u3001 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10021242","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-share"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10021242","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10021242"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10021242\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10021242"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10021242"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10021242"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}