{"id":10021235,"date":"2026-02-03T11:47:16","date_gmt":"2026-02-03T03:47:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/?p=10021235"},"modified":"2026-02-03T11:47:16","modified_gmt":"2026-02-03T03:47:16","slug":"%e5%b5%8c%e5%85%a5%e5%bc%8flinnx%e7%9a%84%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/?p=10021235","title":{"rendered":"\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0fLinnx\u7684\u5f00\u53d1"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5927\u5bb6\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u826f\u8bb8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4eca\u5929\u54b1\u4eec\u6765\u804a\u804a\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0fLinux\u5f00\u53d1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bdd\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bf4\u5b9e\u8bdd\uff0c\u6211\u4ece\u673a\u68b0\u8f6c\u884c\u505a\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u6700\u8ba9\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0fLinux\u8fd9\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76f8\u6bd4\u5355\u7247\u673a\u5f00\u53d1\uff0cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ed9\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>1. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0fLinux\u5f00\u53d1<\/h2>\n<h3>1.1 \u5d4c\u5165\u5f0fLinux\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49<\/h3>\n<p>\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0fLinux\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\u5c31\u662f\u628aLinux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u79fb\u690d\u5230\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u5f00\u53d1\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6216\u8005\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u8bbe\u5907\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u673a\u3001\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3001\u5de5\u4e1a\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u3001\u6c7d\u8f66\u7535\u5b50\u8bbe\u5907\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5728\u5916\u4f01\u505a\u7684\u6c7d\u8f66\u7535\u5b50\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u7528\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0fLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u5e73\u65f6\u7528\u7684Ubuntu\u3001CentOS\u8fd9\u4e9b\u684c\u9762Linux\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0fLinux\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u88c1\u526a\u548c\u5b9a\u5236\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5f80\u5f80\u6bd4\u8f83\u6709\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\u5185\u5b58\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u6709\u51e0\u767eMB\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e5f\u5c31\u51e0\u4e2aGB\uff0c\u4e0d\u50cf\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u90a3\u6837\u52a8\u4e0d\u52a8\u5c31\u51e0\u5341GB\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u628a\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u53bb\u6389\uff0c\u53ea\u4fdd\u7559\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>1.2 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9009\u62e9Linux<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u95ee\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u7528\u5355\u7247\u673a\u7684RTOS\uff0c\u975e\u8981\u7528Linux\u5462?<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u6211\u5f53\u5e74\u4e5f\u95ee\u8fc7\u81ea\u5df1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u540e\u6765\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u9700\u8981\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0cLinux\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u5c31\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Linux\u6709\u6210\u719f\u7684TCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u6808\uff0c\u6709\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662fRTOS\u5f88\u96be\u6bd4\u62df\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u800c\u4e14Linux\u662f\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\uff0c\u793e\u533a\u652f\u6301\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9047\u5230\u95ee\u9898\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u90fd\u80fd\u5728\u7f51\u4e0a\u627e\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u8bb0\u5f97\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u505aLinux\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u534a\u591c\u722c\u8d77\u6765\u67e5\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u662f\u5728Linux\u5185\u6838\u90ae\u4ef6\u5217\u8868\u6216\u8005Stack Overflow\u4e0a\u627e\u5230\u7b54\u6848\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>2. \u5d4c\u5165\u5f0fLinux\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5185\u5bb9<\/h2>\n<h3>2.1 Bootloader\u5f00\u53d1<\/h3>\n<p>Bootloader\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u786c\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u628aLinux\u5185\u6838\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684Bootloader\u662fU-Boot,\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u5f88\u591a\u79cd\u5904\u7406\u5668\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u5305\u62ecARM\u3001MIPS\u3001PowerPC\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5728\u505a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539U-Boot\u6765\u9002\u914d\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u677f\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\u914d\u7f6e\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u542f\u52a8\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>U-Boot\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u5728<code>include\/configs\/<\/code>\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5185\u6838\u542f\u52a8\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728U-Boot\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u8fd9\u6837\u8bbe\u7f6e:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">setenv bootargs 'console=ttymxc0,115200 root=\/dev\/mmcblk0p2 rootwait rw'\nsaveenv<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e32\u53e3\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u3001\u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><code>console=ttymxc0,115200<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u4f7f\u7528ttymxc0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e32\u53e3\uff0c\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u662f115200\u3002<\/p>\n<p><code>root=\/dev\/mmcblk0p2<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728SD\u5361\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2.2 Linux\u5185\u6838\u79fb\u690d\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e<\/h3>\n<p>\u5185\u6838\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u5b83\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ba1\u7406\u786c\u4ef6\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u63d0\u4f9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u79fb\u690d\u5185\u6838\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5185\u6838\u6e90\u7801\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6839\u636e\u4f60\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u5e73\u53f0\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Linux\u5185\u6838\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662fKconfig\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7<code>make menuconfig<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u56fe\u5f62\u5316\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u914d\u7f6e\u9879\u975e\u5e38\u591a\uff0c\u5305\u62ecCPU\u67b6\u6784\u3001\u8bbe\u5907\u9a71\u52a8\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u628a\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u53bb\u6389\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c0f\u5185\u6838\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u84dd\u7259\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u628a\u84dd\u7259\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u9009\u9879\u53bb\u6389\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u67d0\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fdb\u5185\u6838\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u505a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5148\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u914d\u7f6e\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9010\u6b65\u88c1\u526a\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u628a\u5185\u6838\u5927\u5c0f\u4ece\u5341\u51e0MB\u51cf\u5c0f\u5230\u51e0MB\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f16\u8bd1\u5185\u6838\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- zImage\nmake ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- dtbs\nmake ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- modules<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u7f16\u8bd1\u5185\u6838\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6761\u7f16\u8bd1\u8bbe\u5907\u6811\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u6761\u7f16\u8bd1\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<p><code>ARCH=arm<\/code>\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u67b6\u6784\u662fARM\uff0c<code>CROSS_COMPILE<\/code>\u6307\u5b9a\u4ea4\u53c9\u7f16\u8bd1\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u7684\u524d\u7f00\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2.3 \u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5236\u4f5c<\/h3>\n<p>\u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5236\u4f5c\u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662f\u4f7f\u7528Buildroot\u6216\u8005Yocto\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Buildroot\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u4e0b\u8f7d\u3001\u7f16\u8bd1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u5404\u79cd\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u6bd4\u8f83\u559c\u6b22\u7528Buildroot\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u914d\u7f6e\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u901f\u5ea6\u4e5f\u5feb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528Buildroot\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6d41\u7a0b\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">git clone https:\/\/github.com\/buildroot\/buildroot.git\ncd buildroot\nmake menuconfig\nmake<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728<code>make menuconfig<\/code>\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u76ee\u6807\u67b6\u6784\u3001\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u3001\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u914d\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6267\u884c<code>make<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0cBuildroot\u5c31\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6e90\u7801\u3001\u7f16\u8bd1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5728<code>output\/images\/<\/code>\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u751f\u6210\u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u955c\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6709ext4\u3001ubifs\u3001squashfs\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>ext4\u9002\u5408\u7528\u5728SD\u5361\u6216\u8005eMMC\u4e0a\uff0cubifs\u9002\u5408\u7528\u5728NAND Flash\u4e0a\uff0csquashfs\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ea\u8bfb\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u7528\u6765\u5b58\u653e\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2.4 \u8bbe\u5907\u9a71\u52a8\u5f00\u53d1<\/h3>\n<p>\u9a71\u52a8\u5f00\u53d1\u662f\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0fLinux\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u96be\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Linux\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u5206\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u8bbe\u5907\u9a71\u52a8\u3001\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u9a71\u52a8\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u9a71\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6700\u5e38\u63a5\u89e6\u7684\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u8bbe\u5907\u9a71\u52a8\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e32\u53e3\u9a71\u52a8\u3001GPIO\u9a71\u52a8\u3001I2C\u9a71\u52a8\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u8bbe\u5907\u9a71\u52a8\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u6846\u67b6\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"c\">#include &lt;linux\/module.h&gt;\n#include &lt;linux\/fs.h&gt;\n#include &lt;linux\/cdev.h&gt;\n#include &lt;linux\/device.h&gt;\n\n#define DEVICE_NAME &quot;mydevice&quot;\n#define CLASS_NAME &quot;myclass&quot;\n\nstatic int major_number;\nstatic struct class *myclass = NULL;\nstatic struct device *mydevice = NULL;\n\nstatic int dev_open(struct inode *inodep, struct file *filep) {\n    printk(KERN_INFO &quot;mydevice: Device opened\/n&quot;);\n    return 0;\n}\n\nstatic int dev_release(struct inode *inodep, struct file *filep) {\n    printk(KERN_INFO &quot;mydevice: Device closed\/n&quot;);\n    return 0;\n}\n\nstatic ssize_t dev_read(struct file *filep, char *buffer, size_t len, loff_t *offset) {\n    printk(KERN_INFO &quot;mydevice: Read operation\/n&quot;);\n    return 0;\n}\n\nstatic ssize_t dev_write(struct file *filep, const char *buffer, size_t len, loff_t *offset) {\n    printk(KERN_INFO &quot;mydevice: Write operation\/n&quot;);\n    return len;\n}\n\nstatic struct file_operations fops = {\n    .open = dev_open,\n    .read = dev_read,\n    .write = dev_write,\n    .release = dev_release,\n};\n\nstatic int __init mydevice_init(void) {\n    printk(KERN_INFO &quot;mydevice: Initializing\/n&quot;);\n    \n    major_number = register_chrdev(0, DEVICE_NAME, &amp;fops);\n    if (major_number &lt; 0) {\n        printk(KERN_ALERT &quot;mydevice: Failed to register\/n&quot;);\n        return major_number;\n    }\n    \n    myclass = class_create(THIS_MODULE, CLASS_NAME);\n    if (IS_ERR(myclass)) {\n        unregister_chrdev(major_number, DEVICE_NAME);\n        printk(KERN_ALERT &quot;mydevice: Failed to create class\/n&quot;);\n        return PTR_ERR(myclass);\n    }\n    \n    mydevice = device_create(myclass, NULL, MKDEV(major_number, 0), NULL, DEVICE_NAME);\n    if (IS_ERR(mydevice)) {\n        class_destroy(myclass);\n        unregister_chrdev(major_number, DEVICE_NAME);\n        printk(KERN_ALERT &quot;mydevice: Failed to create device\/n&quot;);\n        return PTR_ERR(mydevice);\n    }\n    \n    printk(KERN_INFO &quot;mydevice: Device created successfully\/n&quot;);\n    return 0;\n}\n\nstatic void __exit mydevice_exit(void) {\n    device_destroy(myclass, MKDEV(major_number, 0));\n    class_unregister(myclass);\n    class_destroy(myclass);\n    unregister_chrdev(major_number, DEVICE_NAME);\n    printk(KERN_INFO &quot;mydevice: Goodbye\/n&quot;);\n}\n\nmodule_init(mydevice_init);\nmodule_exit(mydevice_exit);\n\nMODULE_LICENSE(&quot;GPL&quot;);\nMODULE_AUTHOR(&quot;\u826f\u8bb8&quot;);\nMODULE_DESCRIPTION(&quot;A simple character device driver&quot;);<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9a71\u52a8\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6253\u5f00\u3001\u5173\u95ed\u3001\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728<code>mydevice_init<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6ce8\u518c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u8bbe\u5907\u7c7b\u548c\u8bbe\u5907\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u9a71\u52a8\u52a0\u8f7d\u6210\u529f\u540e\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5728<code>\/dev<\/code>\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a<code>mydevice<\/code>\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f16\u8bd1\u9a71\u52a8\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2aMakefile:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"makefile\">obj-m += mydevice.o\n\nall:\n    make -C \/lib\/modules\/$(shell uname -r)\/build M=$(PWD) modules\n\nclean:\n    make -C \/lib\/modules\/$(shell uname -r)\/build M=$(PWD) clean<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<code>insmod mydevice.ko<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u52a0\u8f7d\u9a71\u52a8\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<code>rmmod mydevice<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u5378\u8f7d\u9a71\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>3. \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f00\u53d1<\/h2>\n<h3>3.1 \u4ea4\u53c9\u7f16\u8bd1\u73af\u5883\u642d\u5efa<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0fLinux\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u5728PC\u4e0a\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u4ea4\u53c9\u7f16\u8bd1\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u7f16\u8bd1\u6210\u76ee\u6807\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ea4\u53c9\u7f16\u8bd1\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u5305\u62ec\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u3001\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u3001\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4ea4\u53c9\u7f16\u8bd1\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u6709arm-linux-gnueabihf\u3001aarch64-linux-gnu\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u82af\u7247\u5382\u5546\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Buildroot\u6216\u8005Linaro\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5\u597d\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u540e\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -o hello hello.c<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u5e93\u7684\u8def\u5f84:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -o myapp myapp.c -I\/path\/to\/include -L\/path\/to\/lib -lmylib<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>3.2 \u7cfb\u7edf\u7f16\u7a0b<\/h3>\n<p>Linux\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a5\u53e3\u6765\u64cd\u4f5c\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u8bfb\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>open<\/code>\u3001<code>read<\/code>\u3001<code>write<\/code>\u3001<code>close<\/code>\u7b49\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bfb\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"c\">#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\n#include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;\n#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;\n#include &lt;string.h&gt;\n\nint main() {\n    int fd;\n    char buffer[100];\n    ssize_t bytes_read;\n    \n    \/\/ \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\n    fd = open(&quot;\/tmp\/test.txt&quot;, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0644);\n    if (fd &lt; 0) {\n        perror(&quot;Failed to open file&quot;);\n        return -1;\n    }\n    \n    \/\/ \u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\n    const char *data = &quot;Hello, Embedded Linux!\/n&quot;;\n    write(fd, data, strlen(data));\n    \n    \/\/ \u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u5230\u5f00\u5934\n    lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);\n    \n    \/\/ \u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\n    bytes_read = read(fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer) - 1);\n    if (bytes_read &gt; 0) {\n        buffer[bytes_read] = '\/0';\n        printf(&quot;Read from file: %s&quot;, buffer);\n    }\n    \n    \/\/ \u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\n    close(fd);\n    \n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6f14\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><code>open<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u6253\u5f00\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c<code>O_RDWR<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u8bfb\u5199\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c<code>O_CREAT<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5c31\u521b\u5efa\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\uff0c<code>0644<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u8005\u53ef\u8bfb\u53ef\u5199\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u53ea\u8bfb\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3.3 \u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0fLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u534f\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1(IPC)\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7ba1\u9053\u3001\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ba1\u9053\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684IPC\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u7236\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"c\">#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\n#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;\n#include &lt;string.h&gt;\n\nint main() {\n    int pipefd[2];\n    pid_t pid;\n    char buffer[100];\n    \n    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u7ba1\u9053\n    if (pipe(pipefd) == -1) {\n        perror(&quot;pipe failed&quot;);\n        return -1;\n    }\n    \n    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\n    pid = fork();\n    \n    if (pid &lt; 0) {\n        perror(&quot;fork failed&quot;);\n        return -1;\n    }\n    \n    if (pid == 0) {\n        \/\/ \u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b:\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\n        close(pipefd[1]);  \/\/ \u5173\u95ed\u5199\u7aef\n        read(pipefd[0], buffer, sizeof(buffer));\n        printf(&quot;Child received: %s\/n&quot;, buffer);\n        close(pipefd[0]);\n    } else {\n        \/\/ \u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b:\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\n        close(pipefd[0]);  \/\/ \u5173\u95ed\u8bfb\u7aef\n        const char *msg = &quot;Hello from parent!&quot;;\n        write(pipefd[1], msg, strlen(msg) + 1);\n        close(pipefd[1]);\n        wait(NULL);  \/\/ \u7b49\u5f85\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\n    }\n    \n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u6216\u8005\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u9002\u5408\u4f20\u9012\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u9002\u5408\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3.4 \u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b<\/h3>\n<p>\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u8bbe\u5907\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u8bbe\u5907\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Linux\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6807\u51c6\u7684Socket\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u652f\u6301TCP\u548cUDP\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684TCP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f8b\u5b50:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"c\">#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\n#include &lt;string.h&gt;\n#include &lt;sys\/socket.h&gt;\n#include &lt;arpa\/inet.h&gt;\n#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;\n\n#define PORT 8888\n\nint main() {\n    int server_fd, client_fd;\n    struct sockaddr_in server_addr, client_addr;\n    socklen_t addr_len = sizeof(client_addr);\n    char buffer[1024];\n    \n    \/\/ \u521b\u5efasocket\n    server_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);\n    if (server_fd &lt; 0) {\n        perror(&quot;socket failed&quot;);\n        return -1;\n    }\n    \n    \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5730\u5740\n    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;\n    server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;\n    server_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);\n    \n    \/\/ \u7ed1\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\n    if (bind(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&amp;server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) &lt; 0) {\n        perror(&quot;bind failed&quot;);\n        return -1;\n    }\n    \n    \/\/ \u76d1\u542c\u8fde\u63a5\n    if (listen(server_fd, 3) &lt; 0) {\n        perror(&quot;listen failed&quot;);\n        return -1;\n    }\n    \n    printf(&quot;Server listening on port %d\/n&quot;, PORT);\n    \n    \/\/ \u63a5\u53d7\u8fde\u63a5\n    client_fd = accept(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&amp;client_addr, &amp;addr_len);\n    if (client_fd &lt; 0) {\n        perror(&quot;accept failed&quot;);\n        return -1;\n    }\n    \n    printf(&quot;Client connected\/n&quot;);\n    \n    \/\/ \u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\n    int bytes_read = read(client_fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer));\n    if (bytes_read &gt; 0) {\n        buffer[bytes_read] = '\/0';\n        printf(&quot;Received: %s\/n&quot;, buffer);\n        \n        \/\/ \u53d1\u9001\u54cd\u5e94\n        const char *response = &quot;Message received&quot;;\n        write(client_fd, response, strlen(response));\n    }\n    \n    close(client_fd);\n    close(server_fd);\n    \n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7a0b\u5e8f\u76d1\u542c8888\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u53d1\u9001\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6216\u8005\u5f02\u6b65IO\u6765\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>4. \u8c03\u8bd5\u6280\u5de7<\/h2>\n<h3>4.1 \u4e32\u53e3\u8c03\u8bd5<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e32\u53e3\u662f\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4e32\u53e3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u5185\u6838\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e32\u53e3\u8bbe\u5907\u901a\u5e38\u662f<code>\/dev\/ttyS0<\/code>\u3001<code>\/dev\/ttyUSB0<\/code>\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e32\u53e3\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u3001\u6570\u636e\u4f4d\u3001\u505c\u6b62\u4f4d\u7b49\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>minicom<\/code>\u6216\u8005<code>picocom<\/code>\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5de5\u5177:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">picocom -b 115200 \/dev\/ttyUSB0<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5115200\u7684\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u6253\u5f00<code>\/dev\/ttyUSB0<\/code>\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>4.2 GDB\u8c03\u8bd5<\/h3>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528GDB\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528gdbserver\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8c03\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u5728\u76ee\u6807\u677f\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884cgdbserver:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">gdbserver :1234 .\/myapp<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u5728PC\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u4ea4\u53c9\u7f16\u8bd1\u7248\u672c\u7684GDB\u8fde\u63a5:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">arm-linux-gnueabihf-gdb myapp\n(gdb) target remote 192.168.1.100:1234\n(gdb) break main\n(gdb) continue<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728PC\u4e0a\u8c03\u8bd5\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u76ee\u6807\u677f\u4e0a\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65ad\u70b9\u3001\u5355\u6b65\u6267\u884c\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u53d8\u91cf\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>4.3 \u5185\u6838\u8c03\u8bd5<\/h3>\n<p>\u5185\u6838\u8c03\u8bd5\u6bd4\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8c03\u8bd5\u8981\u590d\u6742\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528<code>printk<\/code>\u6253\u5370\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n<p><code>printk<\/code>\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u548c<code>printf<\/code>\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8f93\u51fa\u4f1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230\u5185\u6838\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7<code>dmesg<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"c\">printk(KERN_INFO &quot;This is an info message\/n&quot;);\nprintk(KERN_WARNING &quot;This is a warning message\/n&quot;);\nprintk(KERN_ERR &quot;This is an error message\/n&quot;);<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ea7\u522b\u6709KERN_EMERG\u3001KERN_ALERT\u3001KERN_CRIT\u3001KERN_ERR\u3001KERN_WARNING\u3001KERN_NOTICE\u3001KERN_INFO\u3001KERN_DEBUG\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u7ea7\u522b\u8d8a\u9ad8\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5185\u6838\u8c03\u8bd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528KGDB\u6216\u8005JTAG\u8c03\u8bd5\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<p>KGDB\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528GDB\u8c03\u8bd5\u5185\u6838\uff0cJTAG\u8c03\u8bd5\u5668\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u786c\u4ef6\u7ea7\u522b\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>5. \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/h2>\n<h3>5.1 \u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\u4f18\u5316<\/h3>\n<p>\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u8bbe\u5907\u901a\u5e38\u5bf9\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\u6709\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6d88\u8d39\u7535\u5b50\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f18\u5316\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5e76\u884c\u5316\u542f\u52a8\u811a\u672c\u3001\u5ef6\u8fdf\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u9759\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u51cf\u5c11\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u52a0\u8f7d\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5728\u505a\u6c7d\u8f66\u7535\u5b50\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u8981\u6c42\u7cfb\u7edf\u57283\u79d2\u5185\u542f\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fbe\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u505a\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u662f\u7cbe\u7b80\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u628a\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u90fd\u53bb\u6389\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u4f18\u5316\u542f\u52a8\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u628a\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u7d27\u6025\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u653e\u5230\u540e\u53f0\u542f\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u538b\u7f29\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>5.2 \u5185\u5b58\u4f18\u5316<\/h3>\n<p>\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u8f83\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5185\u5b58\u4f18\u5316\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>free<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<code>top<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u5404\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u591f\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u670d\u52a1<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u6c60\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u9891\u7e41\u5206\u914d\u91ca\u653e\u7684\u5c0f\u5757\u5185\u5b58<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528mmap\u6620\u5c04\u6587\u4ef6\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u8bfb\u5165\u5185\u5b58<\/li>\n<li>\u53ca\u65f6\u91ca\u653e\u4e0d\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>5.3 CPU\u4f18\u5316<\/h3>\n<p>CPU\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>top<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770bCPU\u5360\u7528\u7387\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<code>perf<\/code>\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u9ad8\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u5b9e\u65f6\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Linux\u652f\u6301SCHED_FIFO\u548cSCHED_RR\u4e24\u79cd\u5b9e\u65f6\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4efb\u52a1\u5f97\u5230\u53ca\u65f6\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"c\">#include &lt;sched.h&gt;\n\nstruct sched_param param;\nparam.sched_priority = 50;\nsched_setscheduler(0, SCHED_FIFO, &amp;param);<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u628a\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aFIFO\u5b9e\u65f6\u8c03\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u662f50\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>6. \u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<p>\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0fLinux\u5f00\u53d1\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u975e\u5e38\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u4ece\u5e95\u5c42\u7684Bootloader\u3001\u5185\u6838\u3001\u9a71\u52a8\uff0c\u5230\u4e0a\u5c42\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\u8282\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u624e\u5b9e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4ece\u5355\u7247\u673a\u8f6c\u5230Linux\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u82b1\u4e86\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u624d\u6162\u6162\u638c\u63e1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u4e00\u65e6\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0fLinux\u5f00\u53d1\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u610f\u601d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u786c\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u53d1\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u6280\u672f\u96be\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u800c\u4e14Linux\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u7279\u6027\u8ba9\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6280\u672f\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e5f\u60f3\u4ece\u4e8b\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0fLinux\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u662f\u5148\u6253\u597d\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60C\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u539f\u7406\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u52a8\u624b\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u4ece\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u5f00\u59cb\u5199\u8d77\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u6df1\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9047\u5230\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u8981\u6015\uff0c\u591a\u67e5\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u591a\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u591a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76f8\u4fe1\u53ea\u8981\u575a\u6301\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u4f60\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0fLinux\u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u66f4\u591a\u7f16\u7a0b\u5b66\u4e60\u8d44\u6e90<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=WzAAeKOno1lFuEUT3THVgQ%3D%3D.HldDnVt2eh3CfH0NlLEf83C8q3uwwaXgdAdaHR2o6BCpQvqC8%2FUyS9pz%2BjXJ2EpcD%2FV4tihcQt%2F%2FAsLWP3OUkQ%3D%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">C\u8bed\u8a00\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u7535\u5b50\u4e66-2026\u6700\u65b0\u7248<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=rKoXnql%2FSqA70oqpjzoHNg%3D%3D.5MNrP8%2F%2BUWVr1zDxeW3%2BBkdRKq8iUi152sZ31W4777Drx7l9muDN62731sf%2FPdLKEFgoJMxnLUDoZPY5xlMIlA%3D%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">STM32\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u7535\u5b50\u4e66-2026\u6700\u65b0\u7248<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=fKzxwwVz%2FrHaVLFW54eL0Q%3D%3D.Hh3NLATb5eCKyD8O%2BAVtHC3FA43%2B05I4%2FTeuqQGaLyE9NCr42TlaZ6hIq7dRmWBI%2FMvs8SjqnO6ZuPvG5e%2BPPD1i%2BVcOfmaK5BvYEe%2FRilQ%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">FreeRTOS\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u7535\u5b50\u4e66-2026\u6700\u65b0\u7248<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=XZPRpTWvIMSJD7DoY5C%2FJA%3D%3D.1jL7QToPMSCV0fABm%2Bfgefgt0TJX8iGxBx4jtj5j0BTk86kizKih5%2B0wPKP9rsDwD1TjmHb3Ziv9gkAxtP34AA%3D%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">C++ \u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u7535\u5b50\u4e66-2026\u6700\u65b0\u7248<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=JRB%2F%2BrPTR2li32DbompZKQ%3D%3D.dDHSb%2FuQIzF9bCFZ14RTOqlwu81Nthw9NzV2dhK200bGPjmGf8OP7lDxDQ2BEePvGm54TQAxxTDR9RkY1zQY4g%3D%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">51\u5355\u7247\u673a\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=mHjs47SjoM3k%2BG5FjH24xw%3D%3D.GHoG6Qwod52HbJLCZbkQwtx4APlPDwkG3%2Boaf7NgGEM%2FMQDlKXKlfJv2yzaCO3IYDXVn8Pq8tC%2FRLy5391nhhw%3D%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">AD\u753b\u677f\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=8HKfu89JuCqSbbJTtWVYQQ%3D%3D.N0WMup05TDh%2FWB%2FmHgIGKjLtzKGgdtLFyf6mHCyK2ezFYMEAYaFnIobT%2FGtvuX7%2BKkQh9%2BYfE7ZlkwoSBtXybw%3D%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">C\u8bed\u8a00\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=a12vNtcSIARaeq4TgQPUYw%3D%3D.yeXPFuSoJzoRUbZfGHfEeDp49Fw6Ku6tD7elhme0hjNrAaOGt0FyzM%2FJ%2BNsBt94EjarUkxgqEjfNHatGC0QzuQ%3D%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">C++\u8bed\u8a00\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=yQRo0ru1s1DqH%2FbUX4azVg%3D%3D.%2FkFzd45skAxkD6AuxJvU9PYnd34TSxCgZ237by0W%2FrONBfpRCBMds3ZexnXM8OZX7ZwgV%2B%2FwwUvqZDsDfoyEOA8rW1K%2FO5FEdx%2BE9bI%2BAfg%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">ESP32\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=UikvQoK%2FJVoyqonmbotNnw%3D%3D.AAOCXwJzqed6BRiRyxkh5NDx0evnSQ5Sg%2BkYUDWyvC7jIX%2B3HW6lMUD8DcWiYc7DQp3wT%2FjpOxuf8vxvaUzAz0vuswF7IbfTwLylB0auCcY%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">FreeRTOS\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=%2FffDmTcUpUkaX%2FxPbmAPEA%3D%3D.C43NuvBfe9TJp2m0Z9e%2FE5npwRJ%2BemxeGRrBZdLP%2Bibr3SCFmZI0vJ0tNO4C8HqoIIsebHV6fsmFRZ48TL43B2Wfb5io0t2gSIWpPUiC0TM%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Linux\u5e94\u7528\u5f00\u53d1\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=SVUUcceF4cP9oz35FWmfJQ%3D%3D.mwqCYCefsCJuaZNBMW7V%2BoRCw5MeUjm8ycOl8nJGeNaVWLJnTiifr8ddLnNEPVgwM%2B80bC%2FHxS2DSzneM885YIRuirvPB%2F33x%2Fq6OtQqsLs%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Linux\u5e95\u5c42\u5f00\u53d1\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=NWLcJWzfpvPYwwmmT3lzyg%3D%3D.HxcJxRozhm3j7WtsN6rVcMeUjfVYuFkNCGr0O6mpKdKE2JEOY5QmqtV3KfwnF7drjfDd%2FlJkF8Cik3gwPv6Utg%3D%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">LVGL\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=EyCACONGMMKg5vjf%2F5yZTw%3D%3D.WqaJRfiDtDHhLC%2FPy8WSZyQUTBV7SPPDhroefoH7NsOmTvrSQVy625wZS%2BCQNosCXjg%2F2j5xZIFIyf5DBcotdA%3D%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">QT\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=iLs%2F0BVtWZyyCJFRuovhZQ%3D%3D.5TBJk8VVECTfTSGyE5APgaNDqxkZoGxssc3gLqF4PCdwC9f4wmM8iOarI%2BxaFq%2BofwFaTN8tUXo1n8WvhbFIrTFVoaRNts%2B4G1jAKmBO8s8%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">STM32\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/a\/1190000047589248\">https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/a\/1190000047589248<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5927\u5bb6\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u826f\u8bb8\u3002 \u4eca\u5929\u54b1\u4eec\u6765\u804a\u804a\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0fLinux\u5f00\u53d1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bdd\u9898\u3002 \u8bf4\u5b9e\u8bdd\uff0c\u6211\u4ece\u673a\u68b0\u8f6c\u884c\u505a\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u6700\u8ba9\u6211 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10021235","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-share"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10021235","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10021235"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10021235\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10021235"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10021235"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10021235"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}