{"id":10020818,"date":"2025-06-06T22:44:27","date_gmt":"2025-06-06T14:44:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/?p=10020818"},"modified":"2025-06-06T22:44:27","modified_gmt":"2025-06-06T14:44:27","slug":"%e5%8f%af%e4%bf%a1%e5%ae%9e%e9%aa%8c%e7%99%bd%e7%9a%ae%e4%b9%a6%e7%b3%bb%e5%88%9703%ef%bc%9a%e9%9a%8f%e6%9c%ba%e5%af%b9%e7%85%a7%e5%ae%9e%e9%aa%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/?p=10020818","title":{"rendered":"\u53ef\u4fe1\u5b9e\u9a8c\u767d\u76ae\u4e66\u7cfb\u521703\uff1a\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote><p>\u672c\u6587\u7cfb\u300a\u53ef\u4fe1\u5b9e\u9a8c\u767d\u76ae\u4e66\u300b\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u6211\u4eec\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5199AB\u5b9e\u9a8c\u767d\u76ae\u4e66\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e86AB\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u539f\u7406\u53ca\u5176\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u672c\u7bc7\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u91cd\u70b9\u4ecb\u7ecd\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b9e\u9a8c\u529f\u6548\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u5907\u6ce8\uff1a\u672c\u7bc7\u6392\u7248\u4e3a\u56fe\u6587\u6df7\u5408\u6392\u7248\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u8bbf\u95ee\u300c\u7f8e\u56e2\u6280\u672f\u56e2\u961f\u300d\u77e5\u4e4e\u5b98\u65b9\u8d26\u53f7<a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=MzDtyb%2BD5OaRDJdCpsR95Q%3D%3D.iTy1K39kZj%2FiELHHryQaVE1N5H5Yvhucvc68WZnqW%2FPkkeCCOEiZr6humTqfoU1Ps3mTTu5TcJ0jnvq%2FBHxAOw%3D%3D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">\u300a\u53ef\u4fe1\u5b9e\u9a8c\u767d\u76ae\u4e66\u7cfb\u521703\uff1a\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c\u300b<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7f8e\u56e2\u5230\u5bb6\u4e1a\u52a1\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f1a\u78b0\u5230\u968f\u673a\u5206\u6d41\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5168\u57ceAOI\uff08Area of 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referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615564\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2>3.1 \u7ecf\u5178\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c<\/h2>\n<p>\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c\u662fAB\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u4e14\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65bd\u52a0\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u5728\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u5916\u90e8\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u5c06\u5176\u4e0e\u4e0d\u65bd\u52a0\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u7a7f\u68ad\u65f6\u7a7a\u7684\u8d85\u80fd\u529b\u53bb\u76f4\u63a5\u89c2\u6d4b\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e73\u884c\u65f6\u7a7a\u4e2d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u800c\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5c31\u662f\u8fde\u901a\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e0e\u5e73\u884c\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6865\u6881\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eba\u4e3a\u6a21\u62df\u51fa\u5e73\u884c\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615565\" alt=\"\" title=\"\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u5047\u8bbe\u662f\u4e2a\u4f53\u5904\u7406\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u5373SUTVA\u5047\u8bbe\uff08Stable Unit Treatment Value Assumption\uff09\u3002\u5b83\u8981\u6c42\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u4e14\u5e72\u9884\u6548\u679c\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5355\u5143\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u53d7\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u5355\u5143\u5206\u7ec4\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u7684\u5173\u8054\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u5e72\u6270\u6216\u8005\u6ea2\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3.1.1 \u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u9650\u5236\u4e0e\u6311\u6218<\/h3>\n<p>\u968f\u673a\u5316\u5206\u7ec4\u80fd\u4f7f\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6df7\u6742\u53d8\u91cf\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u672a\u89c2\u6d4b\u5230\u7684\u6df7\u6742\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u4e4b\u95f4\u5448\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u6d88\u9664\u6df7\u6742\u53d8\u91cf\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6761\u4ef6\u5141\u8bb8\uff0c\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9996\u9009\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u5728\u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4f53\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e73\u884c\u65f6\u7a7a\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u4f46\u73b0\u5b9e\u751f\u6d3b\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u5982\u4eba\u6240\u613f\uff0c\u5728\u6709\u9650\u7684\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u4e0b\uff0c\u968f\u673a\u5206\u51fa\u7684\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f1a\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373\u53ef\u4ea4\u6362\u6027\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e25\u683c\u6ee1\u8db3\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b9a\u91cf\u6807\u51c6\u6765\u523b\u753b\u4e24\u7ec4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\uff0c\u5373\u540c\u8d28\u6027\u68c0\u9a8c\u3002\u5728\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u9009\u53d6\u4e00\u6bb5\u5b9e\u9a8c\u524d\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u5bf9\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u4e24\u7ec4\u7684\u9700\u8981\u8003\u5bdf\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6307\u6807\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u5dee\u5f02\u662f\u5426\u663e\u8457\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c\u3002\u5f53\u4e24\u7ec4\u7ed3\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u68c0\u9a8c\u51fa\u663e\u8457\u5dee\u5f02\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u540c\u8d28\u6027\u68c0\u9a8c\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373\u53ef\u4ea4\u6362\u6027\u8fd1\u4f3c\u6ee1\u8db3\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u53ef\u4fe1\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u53ef\u4fe1\u6027\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u5e38\u5e38\u4f1a\u9762\u4e34\u5f88\u591a\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e0a\u7684\u9650\u5236\u4e0e\u6311\u6218\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u516c\u5e73\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u4e1a\u52a1\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u4ee5\u53ca\u9a91\u624b\u7b49\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u516c\u5e73\u6027\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5bf9\u8003\u5bdf\u7fa4\u4f53\u8fdb\u884c\u968f\u673a\u5206\u7ec4<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6ea2\u51fa\u6548\u5e94<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5355\u5143\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u76f8\u4e92\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0e\u5e72\u6270\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u7ed3\u679c\u504f\u5dee\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\u7b49\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u53ec\u56de\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u9a91\u624b\uff0c\u5373\u5b58\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u4e24\u7ec4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u5e72\u6270\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5c0f\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u60c5\u5f62<\/strong>\uff1a\u7f8e\u56e2\u5c65\u7ea6\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e2d\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u901a\u8fc7\u5730\u7406\u5355\u5143\u5206\u6d41\u7684\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u914d\u9001\u57ce\u5e02\u3001\u914d\u9001\u533a\u57df\u3001\u914d\u9001\u7ad9\u70b9\u7b49\u9762\u79ef\u8f83\u5927\u5355\u5143\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u5728\u53ef\u7528\u6d41\u91cf\u6709\u9650\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u4e00\u822c\u8f83\u5c11\uff08\u51e0\u5341\u4e2a\u751a\u81f3\u5341\u51e0\u4e2a\uff09\u4e14\u5730\u57df\u5dee\u5f02\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u5206\u7ec4\u96be\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u540c\u8d28\u4e14\u96be\u4ee5\u68c0\u6d4b\u51fa\u663e\u8457\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u63d0\u5347\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e1a\u52a1\u5f71\u54cd<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u8bf8\u591a\u4e1a\u52a1\u573a\u666f\u4f1a\u8003\u91cf\u7559\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u5bf9\u5b9e\u9645\u4e1a\u52a1\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u6d41\u91cf\u8fc7\u591a\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u5f71\u54cd\u5f53\u524d\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7b56\u7565\u6548\u7387\u7684\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bf9\u4f53\u9a8c\u6307\u6807\u9020\u6210\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u7528\u6237\u7aef\u5ba2\u8bc9\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u6b63\u5e38\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u573a\u666f\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u6bd4\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u4f1a\u91c7\u752895:5\u7b49\u6781\u7aef\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u529f\u6548\u8f83\u4f4e\u96be\u4ee5\u68c0\u6d4b\u51fa\u663e\u8457\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u63d0\u5347\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6d41\u91cf\u672a\u5168\u90e8\u89e6\u53d1\u7b56\u7565<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u5c65\u7ea6\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u5708\u9009\u6d41\u91cf\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9645\u7b56\u7565\u89e6\u53d1\u6d41\u91cf\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u51c6\u786e\u8bc4\u4f30\u7b56\u7565\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u8003\u5bdf\u5b9e\u9645\u88ab\u7b56\u7565\u89e6\u53d1\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u540c\u8d28\u6027\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u91cd\u65b0\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u5728\u7f8e\u56e2\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c\u901a\u8fc7\u666e\u901a\u968f\u673a\u5206\u7ec4\u548c\u5b8c\u5168\u968f\u673a\u5206\u7ec4\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5e76\u76f8\u5e94\u914d\u5957\u6709\u540c\u8d28\u6027\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u663e\u8457\u6027\u68c0\u9a8c\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u53d6\u5b9e\u9a8c\u524d\u4e00\u6bb5\u5468\u671f\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u4e24\u7ec4\u6307\u6807\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u540c\u8d28\u6027\u68c0\u9a8c\u4ee5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5206\u7ec4\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u5747\u8861\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373\u8fd1\u4f3c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u53ef\u4ea4\u6362\u6027\u3002\u800c\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u53d6\u5b9e\u9a8c\u671f\u95f4\u7684\u6307\u6807\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u663e\u8457\u6027\u68c0\u9a8c\uff0c\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u7b56\u7565\u6548\u679c\u662f\u5426\u663e\u8457\u6709\u6548\u3002\u540c\u8d28\u6027\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u663e\u8457\u6027\u68c0\u9a8c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u4e0b\u9762\u540c\u4e00\u5957\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u540c\u8d28\u6027\u68c0\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u663e\u8457\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e24\u7ec4\u8868\u73b0\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u800c\u5e0c\u671b\u663e\u8457\u6027\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u8457\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7b56\u7565\u6709\u6548\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4e3b\u8981\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e24\u7ec4\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u591a\u7ec4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u4e0e\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7c7b\u4f3c\u63a8\u5e7f\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u518d\u8fc7\u591a\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u9610\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3.1.2 \u666e\u901a\u968f\u673a\u5206\u7ec4<\/h3>\n<p>\u6b63\u4ea4\u7684AB\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6d41\u91cf\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u5747\u5300\u5206\u6563\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u6027\u80fd\u9ad8\u3001\u6548\u679c\u597d\u7684Hash\u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u652f\u6491\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u7528\u4e86MurmurHash3_32\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>1.\u5206\u7ec4\u673a\u5236<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615566\" alt=\"\" title=\"\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>2.\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u4e92\u72ec\u7acb\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5c24\u5176\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e0d\u65ad\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e0d\u65ad\u8fdb\u5165\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8ba2\u5355\u5206\u6d41\u3001\u7528\u6237\u5206\u6d41\u3001AOI\u5206\u6d41\u7b49\u5b9e\u9a8c\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>3.\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u5f0f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615567\" alt=\"\" title=\"\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\uff081\uff09\u8fde\u7eed\u578b\u6307\u6807<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Delta\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615568\" alt=\"\" title=\"\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>Bootstrap\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615569\" alt=\"005\" title=\"005\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\uff082\uff09\u6bd4\u7387\u578b\u6307\u6807<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Delta\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615570\" alt=\"006\" title=\"006\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>Bootstrap\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615571\" alt=\"007\" title=\"007\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<h3>3.1.3 \u5b8c\u5168\u968f\u673a\u5206\u7ec4<\/h3>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5f88\u591a\u6d89\u53ca\u8ba2\u5355\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6709\u51e0\u5341\u4e07\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6d77\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5927\u6837\u672c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f1a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u666e\u901a\u968f\u673a\u5206\u7ec4\u3002\u800c\u5728\u7f8e\u56e2\u7684\u5c65\u7ea6\u914d\u9001\u4e1a\u52a1\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u4f1a\u6d89\u53ca\u4eba\u7fa4\u5206\u6d41\u4ee5\u53ca\u914d\u9001\u57ce\u5e02\u3001\u533a\u57df\u3001\u7ad9\u70b9\u7b49\u5730\u7406\u5355\u5143\u7684\u5206\u6d41\uff0c\u5708\u9009\u51fa\u7684\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c11\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4eba\u7fa4\u5206\u6d41\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u8f83\u5c11\u65f6\u57281000\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u4e14\u7531\u4e8e\u4e1a\u52a1\u7ea6\u675f\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u80fd\u5141\u8bb8\u7559\u6709\u8f83\u5c11\u7684\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\uff0c\u4f1a\u91c7\u7528\u76f8\u5bf9\u6781\u7aef\u7684\u5206\u6d41\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff08\u4f8b\u598295:5\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u5982\u679c\u91c7\u7528\u666e\u901a\u968f\u673a\u5206\u7ec4\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u6982\u7387\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b01000\u4eba\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u53ea\u670930\uff5e40\u4eba\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4f1a\u8f83\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c\u529f\u6548\u3002\u540c\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f83\u5927\u9762\u79ef\u7684\u5730\u7406\u5355\u5143\u5206\u6d41\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u5728100\u4ee5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u91c7\u75285:5\u5206\u6d41\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u5206\u7ec4\u8f83\u4e0d\u5747\u5300\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u91c7\u7528\u5b8c\u5168\u968f\u673a\u5206\u7ec4\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e8b\u5148\u4e25\u683c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6700\u7ec8\u5206\u7ec4\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7b26\u5408\u9884\u671f\u8bbe\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>1.\u5206\u7ec4\u673a\u5236<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615572\" alt=\"008\" title=\"008\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>2.\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u4e92\u72ec\u7acb\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u524d\u80fd\u591f\u786e\u5b9a\u5168\u90e8\u8fdb\u5165\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5355\u5143\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5c0f\u6837\u672c\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u63a8\u8350\u91c7\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5206\u7ec4\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u529f\u6548\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5206\u7ec4\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e0d\u5747\u8861\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>3.\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u5f0f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0e\u5b8c\u5168\u968f\u673a\u8f6e\u8f6c\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u5f0f\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7Fisher\u65b9\u6cd5\u548cNeyman\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dFisher\u5bf9\u5c0f\u6837\u672c\u60c5\u5f62\u7684\u663e\u8457\u6027\u8ba1\u7b97\u66f4\u4e3a\u51c6\u786e\u4f46\u8ba1\u7b97\u6210\u672c\u76f8\u5bf9\u9ad8\uff0cNeyman\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u5927\u6837\u672c\u60c5\u5f62\u4e2d\u8ba1\u7b97\u66f4\u4e3a\u4fbf\u6377\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u65b9\u6cd5\u539f\u7406\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u89c1\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u968f\u673a\u8f6e\u8f6c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615573\" alt=\"\" title=\"\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<h3>3.1.4 \u8bc4\u4f30\u4e2d\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u9677\u9631<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u663e\u8457\u6027\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u653e\u4e4b\u56db\u6d77\u800c\u7686\u51c6\u7684\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7ed3\u5408\u5b9e\u9645\u573a\u666f\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u7cbe\u7ec6\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8005\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u4e00\u4e9b\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u9677\u9631\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u5f97\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u663e\u8457\u6027\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u5206\u914d\u673a\u5236\u9677\u9631<\/strong>\uff1a\u5ffd\u89c6\u6837\u672c\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u6216\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u914d\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u65b9\u5dee\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e0a\u6709\u65f6\u7531\u4e8e\u4ea7\u54c1\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4f1a\u91c7\u7528\u5bf9\u6d41\u91cfid\u5947\u5076\u5206\u6d41\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u968f\u673a\u6027\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u968f\u673a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u4e0d\u6b63\u4ea4\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u884c\u968f\u673a\u5206\u6d41\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u53c8\u4f8b\u5982\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e1a\u52a1\u65b9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5355\u4f4d\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u5c42\u5206\u7ec4\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5404\u5c42\u8868\u73b0\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u53c8\u6216\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u6b21\u5206\u7ec4\u6765\u4f7f\u4e24\u7ec4\u6307\u6807\u5dee\u5f02\u5c0f\u4e8e\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u9608\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bf9\u5206\u6d41\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5e38\u89c4\u516c\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u663e\u8457\u6027\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\u4f1a\u9ad8\u4f30\u65b9\u5dee\u3002\u5728\u672c\u7ae0\u540e\u7eed3.3\u8282\u4e2d\u4f1a\u8ba8\u8bba\u5206\u5c42\u968f\u673a\u5206\u7ec4\u76f8\u5173\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u57283.5\u4e2d\u4f1a\u63d0\u53ca\u91cd\u968f\u673a\u5316\u7684\u663e\u8457\u6027\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8ba1\u7b97\u53e3\u5f84\u9677\u9631<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6307\u6807\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8fde\u7eed\u578b\u6307\u6807\u3001\u6bd4\u7387\u578b\u6307\u6807\u3001\u6c42\u548c\u578b\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6307\u6807\u5dee\u503c\u53e3\u5f84\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8ba1\u7b97\u7edd\u5bf9\u5dee\u503c\u3001\u76f8\u5bf9\u5dee\u503c\u6216\u8005ROI\u5dee\u503c\uff0c\u5176\u663e\u8457\u6027\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u90fd\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5ffd\u89c6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u65b9\u5dee\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u68c0\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\u9677\u9631<\/strong>\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u9009\u7528\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5f53\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6839\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6781\u9650\u5b9a\u7406\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5747\u503c\u8fd1\u4f3c\u670d\u4ece\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Delta\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bc4\u4f30\uff1b\u800c\u5f53\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u5f88\u5c0f\u6216\u8005\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u79bb\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03\u5dee\u5f02\u8f83\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528Delta\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bc4\u4f30\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u65b9\u5dee\u4f30\u8ba1\u4e0d\u51c6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u91c7\u7528\u66f4\u4e3a\u7a33\u5065\u7684\u975e\u53c2\u6570\u68c0\u9a8c\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982Bootstrap\u4f30\u5206\u5e03\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u591a\u91cd\u6bd4\u8f83\u9677\u9631<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53\u6307\u6807\u4e2a\u6570\u8f83\u591a\u65f6\u6216\u8005\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u65f6\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u4f1a\u6d89\u53ca\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u7ec4\u5047\u8bbe\u68c0\u9a8c\u3002\u5355\u4e2a\u5047\u8bbe\u68c0\u9a8c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u7b2c\u4e00\u7c7b\u9519\u8bef\u4e3a$\/alpha$\uff0c\u800c\u591a\u4e2a\u5047\u8bbe\u68c0\u9a8c\u4e2d\u81f3\u5c11\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u9519\u8bef\u62d2\u7edd\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5374\u662f\u5927\u4e8e$\/alpha$\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u91cd\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bf9$p$\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6b63\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u5047\u9633\u6027\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u5bf9\u7b56\u7565\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u5728\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u7684\u9ad8\u9636\u5de5\u5177\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bba\u8ff0\u591a\u91cd\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u9677\u9631<\/strong>\uff1a\u5206\u6790\u5355\u4f4d\u4e0e\u5206\u6d41\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u65b9\u5dee\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u6765\u8bf4\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5206\u6d41\u5355\u4f4d\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u66f4\u7ec6\u7684\u5206\u6790\u5355\u4f4d\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5206\u6d41\u5355\u4f4d\u662f\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u671f\u671b\u5206\u6790\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\u7684\u8ba2\u5355\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u8ba2\u5355\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u4e92\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u65b9\u5dee\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u91cd\u5355\u4f4d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>3.1.5 \u7279\u6b8a\u6307\u6807\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h3>\n<p><strong>1.\u6c42\u548c\u578b\u6307\u6807<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f1a\u5b58\u5728\u65e0\u6cd5\u5708\u9009\u6216\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b9e\u9645\u53d7\u7b56\u7565\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u83b7\u53d6\u4ea7\u751f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u5747\u503c\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5047\u8bbe\u5728\u4e00\u4e9buuid\u968f\u673a\u5206\u6d41\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u53d6\u5230\u4e0b\u5355\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u7b56\u7565\u4f7f\u90e8\u5206\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e0b\u5355\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\u4e86\u5c11\u91cf\u5355\uff0c\u53ea\u53d6\u4e0b\u5355\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u5355\u91cf\u5747\u503c\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u4f46\u5355\u91cf\u7684\u603b\u548c\u662f\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fde\u7eed\u578b\u6307\u6807\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u6c42\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30\u662f\u66f4\u52a0\u7b26\u5408\u5e38\u7406\u7684\u3002\u4e0e\u5747\u503c\u8ba1\u7b97\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5dee\u5f02\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u76f8\u5bf9\u63d0\u5347\u4ee5\u53ca\u65b9\u5dee\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615574\" alt=\"009\" title=\"009\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>Delta\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615575\" alt=\"010\" title=\"010\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>Bootstrap\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615576\" alt=\"011\" title=\"011\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>2.ROI\u578b\u5dee\u503c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5c65\u7ea6\u6d89\u53ca\u82b1\u8d39\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u8003\u8651\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u6307\u6807\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8003\u5bdf\u6548\u7387\u3002\u4ece\u6307\u6807\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6240\u9488\u5bf9\u7684\u6307\u6807\u672c\u8d28\u4e5f\u662f\u6bd4\u7387\u578b\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u4f46\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u5dee\u503c\uff0c\u5373\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u5206\u5b50\/\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u5206\u6bcd-\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u5206\u5b50\/\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u5206\u6bcd\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97ROI\u578b\u5dee\u503c\uff0c\u5373\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615577\" alt=\"012\" title=\"012\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<h3>3.1.6 \u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c\u914d\u5957\u529f\u80fd<\/h3>\n<p><strong>1.\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u5747\u8861\u7684SRM\u68c0\u9a8c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u7684\u6837\u672c\u5206\u5e03\u662f\u5426\u4e0e\u9884\u671f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3aSRM\uff08Sample Ratio Mismatch\uff09\u68c0\u9a8c\u3002\u5982\u679cSRM\u68c0\u9a8c\u4e0d\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u9664\u975e\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u8bca\u65adSRM\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fe1\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u4e3aSRM\u68c0\u9a8c\u4e0d\u901a\u8fc7\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u7531\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u6f5c\u5728\u539f\u56e0\u5bfc\u81f4\u5206\u7ec4\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6027\u88ab\u7834\u574f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8fdd\u53cd\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5047\u8bbe\u3002SRM\u7684\u6210\u56e0\u591a\u79cd\u591a\u6837\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u5927\u81f4\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u4e94\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5206\u914d\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6d41\u91cf\u672a\u6b63\u786e\u5206\u6876\u3001\u968f\u673a\u5206\u7ec4\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7b49\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u7b56\u7565\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5404\u7ec4\u7684\u51c6\u5165\u6761\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\u3001\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9012\u4e22\u5931\u7b49\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u672a\u53d1\u751f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\u8865\u96f6\u7b49\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5206\u6790\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u5206\u6790\u65f6\u95f4\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6761\u4ef6\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5176\u4ed6\u5e72\u9884\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u906d\u53d7\u9ed1\u5ba2\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615578\" alt=\"013\" title=\"013\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>2.MDE\u4e0e\u6700\u5c0f\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u8ba1\u7b97<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u6307\u6807\u5dee\u5f02\u5e45\u5ea6\u5373\u4e3aMDE\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u62a5\u544a\u5206\u6790\u9636\u6bb5\u8ba1\u7b97MDE\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u4e0d\u663e\u8457\u7684\u6307\u6807\u7ed3\u8bba\u662f\u5426\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\u6240\u5bfc\u81f4\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5728\u7075\u654f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5f97\u5230\u975e\u663e\u8457\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u800c\u505a\u51fa\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7b56\u7565\u6ca1\u6709\u6548\u679c\u7684\u8bef\u5224\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u53cc\u8fb9\u5047\u8bbe\u68c0\u9a8c\u4e0bMDE\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615579\" alt=\"014\" title=\"014\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<h2>3.2 \u63d0\u9ad8\u5b9e\u9a8c\u529f\u6548\u7684\u529e\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u7ebf\u4e0aAB\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5b9e\u9a8c\u529f\u6548\u4e0d\u8db3\u800c\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e0d\u51fa\u663e\u8457\u6027\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u4e00\u79cd\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u589e\u52a0\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b9e\u9a8c\u529f\u6548\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4f1a\u589e\u5927\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6210\u672c\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u63d0\u9ad8\u68c0\u6d4b\u7075\u654f\u5ea6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u5dee\u66f4\u5c0f\u5e76\u80fd\u6355\u6349\u76f8\u540c\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u6307\u6807\u3002\u65b9\u5dee\u7f29\u51cf\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982CUPED\u3001\u5206\u5c42\u5206\u6790\u3001\u56de\u5f52\u8c03\u6574\u3001\u914d\u5bf9\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7b49\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u8282\u6211\u4eec\u4e3b\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecdCUPED\uff08Controlled Experiment Using Pre-Experiment Data\uff09\u5728\u5c65\u7ea6\u548c\u5916\u5356\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5728\u4e0b\u8282\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u8ba8\u8bba\u5206\u5c42\u968f\u673a\u5206\u7ec4\u548c\u914d\u5bf9\u968f\u673a\u5206\u7ec4\u3002\u5728\u5c65\u7ea6\u548c\u5916\u5356\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0cCUPED\u80fd\u591f\u964d\u4f4e50%\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u6548\u679c\u4f30\u8ba1\u91cf\u65b9\u5dee\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u5347\u68c0\u9a8c\u7075\u654f\u5ea6\u5e76\u51cf\u5c11\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6240\u9700\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3.2.1 CUPED\u964d\u65b9\u5dee\u539f\u7406<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615580\" alt=\"015\" title=\"015\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\uff0cCUPED\u964d\u65b9\u5dee\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u9002\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u6709\u5b9e\u9a8c\u524d\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\u7528\u6237\u3001\u5730\u7406\u5355\u5143\u7b49\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u8f83\u957f\u5468\u671f\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u524d\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u7528\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8ba2\u5355\u7b49\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u65b0\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u7528\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528CUPED\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u5927\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6307\u6807\u6570\u636e\u8868\u73b0\u7a33\u5b9a\uff1a\u7531\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684CUPED\u964d\u65b9\u5dee\u601d\u60f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\uff08\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u524d\u7684\u6307\u6807\u6570\u636e\uff09\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u5f88\u9ad8\u65f6\uff0c\u964d\u65b9\u5dee\u6548\u679c\u8d8a\u597d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f53\u6307\u6807\u6570\u636e\u76f8\u5bf9\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u53d8\u5316\u6216\u8005\u5f00\u5c55\u5b9e\u9a8c\u800c\u51fa\u73b0\u5267\u70c8\u6ce2\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5448\u73b0\u5b9e\u9a8c\u540e\u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u524d\u6570\u636e\u6709\u8f83\u597d\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u80fd\u66f4\u591a\u964d\u4f4e\u65b9\u5dee\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u5b9e\u9a8c\u529f\u6548\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u9009\u53d6\u7684\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u671f\u671b\u4e00\u81f4\uff1a\u5f53\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u53d7\u5230\u5e72\u9884\u53d8\u91cf\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684CUPED\u4f30\u8ba1\u91cf\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u7b56\u7565\u6548\u679c\u63d0\u5347\u7684\u65e0\u504f\u4f30\u8ba1\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u504f\u5dee\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5b9e\u9a8c\u524d\u7684\u6307\u6807\u503c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5929\u7136\u7684\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0d\u53d7\u5e72\u9884\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u662fCUPED\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u9996\u9009\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615581\" alt=\"016\" title=\"016\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<h3>3.2.2 \u8fde\u7eed\u578b\u6307\u6807\u548c\u6bd4\u7387\u578b\u6307\u6807CUPED\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615582\" alt=\"017\" title=\"017\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e2d\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u5f88\u591a\u6bd4\u7387\u578b\u6307\u6807\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u7ecf\u5178\u7684CUPED\u964d\u65b9\u5dee\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5e38\u89c4CUPED\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u6bd4\u7387\u578b\u6307\u6807\u7684\u964d\u65b9\u5dee\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bd4\u7387\u578b\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63a2\u7d22\u4e86\u5982\u4e0b\u4e09\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u56de\u5f52\u8c03\u6574\u7684CUPED\u964d\u65b9\u5dee\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e8c\u5143\u56de\u5f52\u7cfb\u6570\u8c03\u6574CUPED\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u65b0CUPED\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u901a\u8fc7\u4e25\u683c\u8bc1\u660e\u53ef\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u6bd4\u7387\u578b\u6307\u6807\u7684\u65b9\u5dee\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>1.\u4e00\u5143\u56de\u5f52\u7cfb\u6570\u8c03\u6574CUPED\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615583\" alt=\"018\" title=\"018\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>2.\u4e8c\u5143\u56de\u5f52\u7cfb\u6570\u8c03\u6574Cuped\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615584\" alt=\"019\" title=\"019\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>3.\u65b0CUPED\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e0e\u524d\u9762\u90e8\u5206\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7387\u578b\u6307\u6807\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u5206\u6bcd\u5206\u522b\u8fdb\u884c\u964d\u65b9\u5dee\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u65b0CUPED\u65b9\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7387\u578b\u6307\u6807\u6574\u4f53\u8fdb\u884c\u964d\u65b9\u5dee\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u53c2\u8003\u4e86Deng et al. (2013)\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u968f\u673a\u6d41\u65f6\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5355\u5143\u548c\u5206\u6790\u5355\u5143\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u62d3\u5c55\u5230\u4e00\u822c\u6bd4\u7387\u578b\u6307\u6807\u4e0a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6784\u9020\u7684\u65e0\u504f\u4f30\u8ba1\u91cf\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615585\" alt=\"020\" title=\"020\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p>\u518d\u4f7f\u7528Delta\u65b9\u6cd5\u5206\u522b\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e24\u9879\u7684\u65b9\u5dee\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6709\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615586\" alt=\"021\" title=\"021\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615587\" alt=\"022\" title=\"022\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<h2>3.3 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decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615588\" alt=\"3-4\" title=\"3-4\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u4f7f\u7528\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528Neyman\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u6307\u6807\u5dee\u5f02\u548c\u65b9\u5dee\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u7edf\u5408\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u6743\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u6574\u4f53\u6548\u679c\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u652f\u6301\u6bd4\u7387\u578b\u6307\u6807\u7684\u5206\u5c42\u968f\u673a\u5206\u7ec4\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>1.\u5206\u7ec4\u673a\u5236<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615589\" alt=\"023\" title=\"023\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615590\" alt=\"024\" title=\"024\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615591\" alt=\"025\" title=\"025\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>2.\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u5f0f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Neyman\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u5dee\u4e0e$p$\u503c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615592\" alt=\"026\" title=\"026\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<h3>3.3.2 \u914d\u5bf9\u968f\u673a\u5206\u7ec4<\/h3>\n<p>\u914d\u5bf9\u968f\u673a\u5206\u7ec4\u662f\u6307\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5bf9\u8c61\u6839\u636e\u67d0\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u7279\u5f81\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u5bf9\uff0c\u6bcf\u5bf9\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u968f\u673a\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5219\u8fdb\u5165\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81\u4e0a\u7684\u5747\u8861\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u63a7\u5236\u4e2a\u4f53\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u6765\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4fdd\u8bc1\u540c\u8d28\u6027\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b9e\u9a8c\u529f\u6548\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6837\u672c\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u8457\u5f02\u8d28\u6027\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u5f53\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u8f83\u5c11\u65f6\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u89e6\u53d1\u56e0\u7d20\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a7\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u5916\u90e8\u73af\u5883\u56e0\u7d20\uff08\u5982\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u7b49\uff09\u5f71\u54cd\u65f6\uff0c\u914d\u5bf9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u63a7\u5236\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u73af\u5883\u56e0\u7d20\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u591f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5176\u4ed6\u5173\u6ce8\u7279\u5f81\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u8d28\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u8bba\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u914d\u5bf9\u968f\u673a\u5206\u7ec4\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>1.\u4f18\u70b9<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u914d\u5bf9\u968f\u673a\u5206\u7ec4\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u5f0f\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8272\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8be6\u7ec6\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u5176\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5176\u4f18\u70b9\u5f88\u660e\u663e\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u63a7\u5236\u4e2a\u4f53\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4fdd\u8bc1\u540c\u8d28\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u5bf9\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\uff0c\u914d\u5bf9\u968f\u673a\u5206\u7ec4\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u63a7\u5236\u4e2a\u4f53\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u3001\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u7684\u540c\u8d28\u6027\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u63d0\u9ad8\u7edf\u8ba1\u529f\u6548<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u6709\u9650\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u914d\u5bf9\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7edf\u8ba1\u529f\u6548\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b9e\u9a8c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u663e\u8457\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5e94\u5bf9\u5c0f\u6837\u672c\u91cf<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u914d\u5bf9\u968f\u673a\u5206\u7ec4\u4ecd\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5e73\u8861\u7ec4\u95f4\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2.\u5c40\u9650\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u914d\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u627e\u5230\u5408\u9002\u7684\u914d\u5bf9\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u6837\u672c\u7279\u5f81\u590d\u6742\u6216\u6570\u91cf\u5e9e\u5927\u65f6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6837\u672c\u5229\u7528\u7387\u964d\u4f4e<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e3a\u67d0\u4e9b\u5bf9\u8c61\u627e\u5230\u5408\u9002\u7684\u914d\u5bf9\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u7eb3\u5165\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6837\u672c\u5229\u7528\u7387\u964d\u4f4e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>3.\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u4e2a\u4f53\u5dee\u5f02\u663e\u8457\u7684\u573a\u666f<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u8457\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u5dee\u5f02\u65f6\uff0c\u914d\u5bf9\u968f\u673a\u5206\u7ec4\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u540c\u8d28\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u6709\u9650\u7684\u573a\u666f<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u914d\u5bf9\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u529f\u6548\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5916\u90e8\u73af\u5883\u5f71\u54cd\u5927\u7684\u573a\u666f<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u5916\u90e8\u56e0\u7d20\uff08\u5982\u5730\u57df\u5dee\u5f02\uff09\u663e\u8457\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u914d\u5bf9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u590d\u6742\u591a\u56e0\u7d20\u5e72\u6270\u7684\u573a\u666f<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u4e2a\u5e72\u6270\u56e0\u7d20\u65f6\uff0c\u914d\u5bf9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u5339\u914d\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u548c\u7cbe\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u4e3b\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u914d\u5bf9\u968f\u673a\u5206\u7ec4\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>1.\u5206\u7ec4\u673a\u5236<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615593\" alt=\"027\" title=\"027\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>2.\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u5f0f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615594\" alt=\"028\" title=\"028\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615595\" alt=\"029\" title=\"029\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615596\" alt=\"030\" title=\"030\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\uff082\uff09\u6bd4\u7387\u578b\u6307\u6807\u8bc4\u4f30<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u4e1a\u52a1\u7406\u89e3\u51fa\u53d1\u5f80\u5f80\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u6bd4\u7387\u578b\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4GMV\u5b8c\u6210\u7387\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a \uff08\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u6240\u6709\u533a\u57df\u5b8c\u6210GMV\uff09\/\uff08\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u6240\u6709\u533a\u57dfGMV\uff09, \u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u6bcf\u4e2a\u533a\u57dfGMV\u5b8c\u6210\u7387\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u3002\u9488\u5bf9\u914d\u5bf9\u968f\u673a\u5206\u7ec4\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e0b\u6bd4\u7387\u578b\u6307\u6807\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u63a2\u8ba8\u90e8\u5206\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7AA\u6a21\u62df\u6765\u4fdd\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Fisher\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615597\" alt=\"031\" title=\"031\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>Neyman\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615598\" alt=\"032\" title=\"032\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615599\" alt=\"033\" title=\"033\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615600\" alt=\"034\" title=\"034\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7f8e\u56e2\u5c65\u7ea6\u4fa7\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u7b56\u7565\uff08\u5982\u8c03\u5ea6\u4f18\u5316\u7b49\uff09\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5355\u5143\u4e3a\u533a\u57df\u7c92\u5ea6\u7b49\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u5730\u7406\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u4e14\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u89e6\u53d1\u56e0\u7d20\u53d7\u5230\u5916\u90e8\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u89e6\u53d1\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u3001\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u533a\u57df\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u73af\u5883\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9762\u4e34\u5f88\u591a\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u786e\u4fdd\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u7684\u540c\u8d28\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1.<strong>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7c92\u5ea6\u9650\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u4f5c\u7528\u5355\u5143\u662f\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u8fd9\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u66f4\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff08\u5982\u8ba2\u5355\uff09\u5206\u6d41\u3002\u800c\u57ce\u5e02\u4e0b\u7684\u533a\u57df\u6570\u91cf\u8f83\u5c11\u4e14\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u89e6\u53d1\u56e0\u7d20\u53d7\u5230\u5916\u90e8\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u65f6\uff0c\u968f\u673a\u5206\u7ec4\u96be\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u89e6\u53d1\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u3001\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u540c\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2.<strong>\u5176\u4ed6\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u7d20<\/strong>\uff1a\u533a\u57df\u5185\u7684\u4ea4\u901a\u72b6\u51b5\u3001\u8ba2\u5355\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u671f\u95f4\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5f02\u8d28\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3.3.3 \u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5206\u7ec4<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u7f8e\u56e2\u5c65\u7ea6\u4fa7\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c<strong>\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b49\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u7a00\u5c11\u4e0e\u5730\u57df\u5dee\u5f02\u660e\u663e\u7684\u73b0\u72b6\u4f7f\u5f97\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e0b\u96be\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5206\u7ec4\u7684\u540c\u8d28\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f88\u96be\u6709\u6548\u5730\u68c0\u6d4b\u51fa\u5b9e\u9a8c\u63d0\u5347\u6548\u679c<\/strong>\u3002\u53d7\u81ea\u8eab\u4e1a\u52a1\u5f62\u6001\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ef4\u5ea6\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b49\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u4f5c\u7528\u5355\u5143\u4e3a\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u4e14\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4ee5\u533a\u57df\u7ec4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b56\u7565\u65bd\u52a0\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u53d7\u9650\u4e8e\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u4f5c\u7528\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0a\u53ea\u80fd\u8003\u8651\u533a\u57df\u6216\u533a\u57df\u7ec4\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u5206\u6d41\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u5bfc\u81f4\u53c2\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e2d\u5c0f\u6837\u672c\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff08\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u51e0\u5341\u5230\u51e0\u767e\uff09\uff0c\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5206\u7ec4\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u51cf\u5c0f\u7ec4\u95f4\u6307\u6807\u5206\u5e03\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5206\u7ec4\u66f4\u540c\u8d28\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6709\u6548\u63d0\u5347\u70b9\u4f30\u8ba1\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u5ea6\uff0c\u5728\u4fdd\u8bc1\u540c\u8d28\u6027\u548c\u63d0\u5347\u7edf\u8ba1\u529f\u6548\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u666e\u904d\u4f18\u4e8e\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5206\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5206\u7ec4\uff08Covariate-Adaptive Randomization\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u7528\u6765\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4fdd\u8bc1\u540c\u8d28\u6027\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u901a\u8fc7\u51cf\u5c0f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u4e4b\u95f4\u91cd\u8981\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5206\u7ec4\u66f4\u540c\u8d28\uff0c\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002\u5728\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u8bd5\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5206\u7ec4\u901a\u8fc7\u5e8f\u8d2f\u5206\u914d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5404\u7ec4\u4e4b\u95f4\u5728\u5173\u952e\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0a\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u66f4\u52a0\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u5bf9\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u6df7\u6742\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5206\u7ec4\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>1.\u4f18\u52bf<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5206\u7ec4\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4fdd\u8bc1\u540c\u8d28\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5e73\u8861\u91cd\u8981\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u7684\u540c\u8d28\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5206\u7ec4\u66f4\u540c\u8d28\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u63d0\u9ad8\u7edf\u8ba1\u529f\u6548<\/strong>\uff1a\u5e73\u8861\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u540e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u7ec4\u95f4\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5206\u7ec4\u901a\u5e38\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u9ad8\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u7684\u529f\u6548\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5c0f\u6837\u672c<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u5c0f\u6837\u672c\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff08\u5982\u51e0\u5341\u5230\u51e0\u767e\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\uff09\uff0c\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5206\u7ec4\u80fd\u591f\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u540c\u8d28\u6027\u548c\u4f30\u8ba1\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2.\u5c40\u9650\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u8ba1\u7b97\u6210\u672c\u589e\u52a0<\/strong>\uff1a\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u7ecf\u5178\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5206\u7ec4\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u9700\u8981\u5148\u9a8c\u77e5\u8bc6<\/strong>\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u91cd\u8981\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u6709\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u5e73\u8861\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>3.\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u4e2a\u4f53\u5dee\u5f02\u663e\u8457\u7684\u573a\u666f<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u8457\u4e2a\u4f53\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff08\u5982\u533a\u57df\u95f4\u5730\u7406\u5dee\u5f02\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5206\u7ec4\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5e73\u8861\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u4e4b\u95f4\u5e73\u8861\u91cd\u8981\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e2a\u4f53\u5dee\u5f02\u4e0d\u4f1a\u663e\u8457\u5f71\u54cd\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u89e3\u8bfb\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u6709\u9650\u7684\u573a\u666f<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5206\u7ec4\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u529f\u6548\u3002\u5c0f\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u7ec4\u95f4\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5206\u7ec4\u901a\u8fc7\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u5206\u7ec4\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u5c0f\u6837\u672c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u7684\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u5206\u5e03\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5e73\u8861\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b9e\u65bd\u53ef\u9760A\/B\u5b9e\u9a8c\u662f\u6781\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u964d\u4f4e\u5904\u7406\u6548\u5e94\u4f30\u8ba1\u7684\u504f\u5dee\uff0c\u800c\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5219\u662f\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\u6700\u4e3a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u968f\u673a\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u4ee5\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u67d0\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u6d4b\u5ea6\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5e8f\u8d2f\u5730\uff08Sequential\uff09\u5c06\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2a\u4f53\u9010\u4e2a\uff08\u6216\u9010\u5bf9\uff09\u5206\u4e3a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u6d4b\u5ea6\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u5305\u62ec\u4f46\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u5747\u503c\uff08Covariate Means\uff09\u3001\u9a6c\u6c0f\u8ddd\u79bb\uff08Mahalanobis Distance\uff09\u3001\u79bb\u6563\u5316\u52a0\u6743\u5904\u7406\u3001\u6838\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>1.\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u6d4b\u5ea6\u7684\u523b\u753b\u6807\u51c6<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615601\" alt=\"035\" title=\"035\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u9a6c\u6c0f\u8ddd\u79bb (Mahalanobis Distance) \u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u5ea6 Imb\uff0c\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u70b9\u8003\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5f62\u5f0f\u7b80\u6d01\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u6210\u672c\u4f4e<\/strong>\uff1a\u9a6c\u6c0f\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u76f8\u5bf9\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4e14\u7b26\u5408\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u5206\u6790\u7684\u76f4\u89c9\u548c\u4e1a\u754c\u5e38\u7528\u8bc4\u4f30\u6307\u6807\u7684\u4e60\u60ef\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e0d\u53d7\u6570\u636e\u7ebf\u6027\u53d8\u6362\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/strong>\uff1a\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u91cf\u7eb2\u5dee\u5f02\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u6027\u7684\u8861\u91cf\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5e26\u6765\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002\u9a6c\u6c0f\u8ddd\u79bb\u4e0d\u53d7\u6570\u636e\u7ebf\u6027\u53d8\u6362\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u7701\u7565\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u8ba1\u7b97\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u4fbf\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4f18\u826f\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u6027\u8d28<\/strong>\uff1a\u9a6c\u6c0f\u8ddd\u79bb\u5177\u6709\u51cf\u5c11\u4f30\u8ba1\u5904\u7406\u6548\u5e94\u65b9\u5dee\u7684\u4f18\u826f\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u5728\u5904\u7406\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u4f30\u8ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u9a6c\u6c0f\u8ddd\u79bb\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u6e10\u8fdb\u65b9\u5dee\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u66f4\u52a0\u53ef\u9760\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2.\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5206\u914d\u65b9\u5f0f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5206\u7ec4\u65f6\uff0c\u5b66\u4e1a\u754c\u4e3b\u8981\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u5e8f\u8d2f\u5206\u914d\u548c\u914d\u5bf9\u5e8f\u8d2f\u5206\u914d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5206\u914d\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5206\u914d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u601d\u60f3\u662f\uff0c\u9010\u4e2a\u6216\u8005\u9010\u5bf9\u5206\u914d\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u5176\u901a\u8fc7\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u4f7f\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u6d4b\u5ea6\u5dee\u5f02\u6700\u5c0f\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u5c06\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5355\u5143\u5206\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u8fd8\u662f\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\uff0c\u5728\u5206\u7ec4\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u5728\u5173\u952e\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0a\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>(1)\u5b8c\u5168\u5e8f\u8d2f\u5206\u914d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615602\" alt=\"036\" title=\"036\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p>\u6982\u7387q\u901a\u5e38\u9009\u4e3a0.85\uff08\u4e5f\u53ef0.75\u30010.9\u7b49\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u4e24\u79cd\u5206\u914d\u6d41\u7a0b\u5404\u6709\u4f18\u52a3\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u5e8f\u8d2f\u5206\u914d\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6027\u66f4\u5f3a\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u96be\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5206\u914d\u5230\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u7684\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u800c\u914d\u5bf9\u5e8f\u8d2f\u5206\u914d\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u90e8\u5206\u968f\u673a\u6027\u6362\u53d6\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u7684\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5206\u7ec4\u901a\u8fc7\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u56de\u5f52\u8c03\u6574\u964d\u4f4e\u65b9\u5dee\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5206\u7ec4\u673a\u5236\u4e0b\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e2d\uff0c\u65b9\u5dee\u8ba1\u7b97\u540c\u7ecf\u5178\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u7684CUPED\u65b9\u5dee\u524a\u51cf\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u53ef\u53c2\u8003\u7ecf\u5178\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u518d\u8d58\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5206\u7ec4\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u4e3a\u540c\u8d28\u533a\u57df\u5206\u7ec4\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e86\u67d0\u4e1a\u52a1\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u5b8c\u5168\u968f\u673a\u5206\u7ec4\u548c\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5206\u7ec4\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cCR\u4ee3\u8868\u5b8c\u5168\u968f\u673a\u5206\u7ec4\uff0cCAR-c\uff0cCAR-d\uff0cCAR-m\u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868\u4f7f\u7528\u5e73\u8861\u5747\u503c\uff0c\u5e73\u8861\u79bb\u6563\u578b\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5e73\u8861\u9a6c\u6c0f\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8868\u4e2d\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c\u663e\u8457\u6027\u6c34\u5e73\u4e3a0.05\u4e0b\uff0c\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0b\u7684\u5404\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u62d2\u7edd\u539f\u5047\u8bbe\u6982\u7387\u66f4\u4f4e\uff0c\u5373\u66f4\u4e0d\u6613\u62d2\u7edd\u540c\u8d28\u6027\u68c0\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e14\u80fd\u751f\u6210\u66f4\u4e3a\u540c\u8d28\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u5206\u7ec4\u540e\u7684\u7ec4\u95f4\u5dee\u5f02\u5747\u503c\u548c\u65b9\u5dee\u6ce2\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615603\" alt=\"\" title=\"\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<h2>3.4 \u89e3\u51b3\u6ea2\u51fa\u6548\u5e94\u96be\u9898\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728AB\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u662fSUTVA (Stable Unit Treatment Value Assumption\uff0c\u4e2a\u4f53\u5904\u7406\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u5047\u8bbe)\uff0c\u5373\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u53c2\u4e0e\u5355\u5143\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u7531\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5355\u5143\u95f4\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u5173\u8054\u6216\u8005\u95f4\u63a5\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0eAB\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u4e0e\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u79f0\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u3001\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u5e72\u6270\u5f71\u54cd\u4e3a\u6ea2\u51fa\u6548\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6ea2\u51fa\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6548\u679c\u7684\u4f30\u8ba1\u504f\u5dee\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u635f\u5931\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u8bba\u7684\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u901a\u4fe1\u5de5\u5177Skype\u7535\u8bdd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u63d0\u5347\u901a\u8bdd\u8d28\u91cf\u7b56\u7565\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u547c\u53eb\u53ef\u4ee5\u62e8\u7ed9\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u6216\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528Skype\u7535\u8bdd\u9891\u7387\u4e5f\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u503c\u4f1a\u88ab\u4f4e\u4f30\u3002\u6ea2\u51fa\u6548\u5e94\u96be\u9898\u4ecd\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u5b66\u754c\u4e0e\u4e1a\u754c\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u8f6e\u8f6c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3001\u805a\u7c7b\u968f\u673a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u3001\u53cc\u8fb9\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4ee5\u53ca\u968f\u673a\u9971\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7b49\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u8f6e\u8f6c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5728\u7f8e\u56e2\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u5df2\u7ecf\u843d\u5730\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4f1a\u5728\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u4e2d\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5206\u522b\u91cd\u70b9\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5728\u7f8e\u56e2\u5c65\u7ea6\u4fa7\u5b9e\u9a8c\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u533a\u57df\u6ea2\u5165\u6ea2\u51fa\u6548\u5e94\u6a21\u578b\u4ee5\u53ca\u968f\u673a\u9971\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u6ea2\u51fa\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3.4.1 \u533a\u57df\u6ea2\u5165\u6ea2\u51fa\u6548\u5e94\u6a21\u578b<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u7f8e\u56e2\u5c65\u7ea6\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u4e1a\u52a1\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6df7\u5408\u8c03\u5ea6\u4e0b\u5728\u5206\u522b\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u7684\u76f8\u90bb\u533a\u57df\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ec\u56de\u76f8\u540c\u9a91\u624b\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u4e0e\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u9a91\u624b\u8fd0\u529b\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u533a\u57df\u5355\u5143\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u5047\u8bbe\u96be\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u603b\u4f53\u6548\u5e94\u4e2d\u6709\u6548\u8bc6\u522b\u6ea2\u51fa\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6700\u4e3a\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u6548\u5e94\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4f01\u4e1a\u5728\u53cc\u8fb9\uff08\u591a\u8fb9\uff09\u5e02\u573a\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u7814\u7a76\u7f51\u7edc\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u65ad\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u96be\u70b9\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u5b66\u8fdb\u884c\u6821\u4f01\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u533a\u57df\u6ea2\u5165\u6ea2\u51fa\u6548\u5e94\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5728\u90e8\u5206\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u6ea2\u51fa\u6548\u5e94\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u533a\u57df\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5efa\u6a21\u523b\u753b\u4e86\u76ee\u6807\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u533a\u57df\u95f4\u6d41\u52a8\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0e\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u91cf\u5316\u53d8\u52a8\u5e45\u5ea6\uff0c\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u201c\u6ea2\u51fa\u6743\u91cd\u201d\u3001\u201c\u6ea2\u51fa\u5f3a\u5ea6\u201d\u3001\u201c\u6ea2\u5165\u6743\u91cd\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u6ea2\u5165\u5f3a\u5ea6\u201d\u56db\u5927\u6307\u6807\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u201c\u6ea2\u51fa\u6743\u91cd\u201d\u4e3b\u8981\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u76ee\u6807\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u533a\u57df\u95f4\u6d41\u52a8\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0e\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u8003\u91cf\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u5404\u533a\u57df\u95f4\u76ee\u6807\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u91cf\u548c\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u53cd\u6620\u6d41\u52a8\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0e\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u76f4\u89c2\u5c55\u793a\u76ee\u6807\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u533a\u57df\u95f4\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e3a\u51b3\u7b56\u63d0\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u3002\u800c\u201c\u6ea2\u51fa\u5f3a\u5ea6\u201d\u4fa7\u91cd\u4e8e\u8861\u91cf\u76ee\u6807\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u533a\u57df\u5185\u7684\u53d8\u52a8\u5e45\u5ea6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u5185\u76ee\u6807\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u8be5\u533a\u57df\u5185\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u91cf\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u201c\u6ea2\u51fa\u6743\u91cd\u201d\uff0c\u5f97\u51fa\u53cd\u6620\u53d8\u52a8\u5e45\u5ea6\u7684\u91cf\u5316\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4e0e\u51b3\u7b56\u8005\u5feb\u901f\u8bc6\u522b\u53d8\u52a8\u5e45\u5ea6\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u5e94\u5bf9\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u201c\u6ea2\u5165\u6743\u91cd\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6ea2\u5165\u5f3a\u5ea6\u201d\u5219\u53cd\u6620\u4e0e\u201c\u6ea2\u51fa\u6743\u91cd\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6ea2\u51fa\u5f3a\u5ea6\u201d\u76f8\u53cd\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u53d8\u52a8\u5e45\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u533a\u57df\u6ea2\u5165\u5f3a\u5ea6\u548c\u533a\u57df\u6ea2\u51fa\u5f3a\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u5468\u56f4\u4e0d\u540c\u7ec4\u522b\u533a\u57df\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u5468\u56f4\u4e0d\u540c\u7ec4\u522b\u7684\u533a\u57df\u4e2a\u6570\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u67d0\u5355\u5143\u81ea\u8eab\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\uff0c\u5468\u56f4\u4e3a\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5f71\u54cd\u8d8a\u5f3a\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b9a\u4e49\u6ca1\u6709\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5468\u56f4\u533a\u57df\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u53ca\u5355\u91cf\u89c4\u6a21\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5927\u533a\u57df\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4f1a\u6bd4\u5c0f\u533a\u57df\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u5f3a\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ed3\u5408\u6ea2\u5165\uff08\u6ea2\u51fa\uff09\u8fd0\u5355\u91cf\u6765\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6ea2\u5165\uff08\u6ea2\u51fa\uff09\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615604\" alt=\"\" title=\"\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6ea2\u5165\u5f3a\u5ea6\u4e0e\u6ea2\u51fa\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u610f\u4e49<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u7167\u4e0b\u56fe\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u6b21\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u533a\u57df\u65bd\u52a0\u6b63\u5411\u6fc0\u52b1\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff08\u5982\u5347\u7ea7\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565\u4f7f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u533a\u57df\u5355\u548c\u9a91\u624b\u66f4\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u5355\u88ab\u9a91\u624b\u66f4\u597d\u66f4\u5feb\u63a5\u8d77\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u5728\u5168\u57ce\u8fd0\u529b\u548c\u603b\u8ba2\u5355\u91cf\u65e0\u663e\u8457\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u533a\u57df\u5b58\u91cf\u8ba2\u5355\u5feb\u901f\u88ab\u6d88\u8017\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u533a\u57df\u9a91\u624b\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u8de8\u533a\u63a5\u8d77\u5730\u7406\u5c42\u9762\u76f8\u90bb\u4e14\u6ca1\u6709\u6b63\u5411\u6fc0\u52b1\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u7684\u8ba2\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615605\" alt=\"037\" title=\"037\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615606\" alt=\"\" title=\"\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615607\" alt=\"038\" title=\"038\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<h3>3.4.2 \u968f\u673a\u9971\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c<\/h3>\n<p>\u968f\u673a\u9971\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff08Randomized Saturation Design\uff09\u6e90\u4e8e\u4e24\u9636\u6bb5\u968f\u673a\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff08Two-staged Randomized Experiment\uff09\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u3002\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u4ec5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u4e0e\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u968f\u673a\u9971\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u6837\u672c\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u7c07\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7c07\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u4e0e\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u7c07\u5bf9\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u7684\u6ea2\u51fa\u6548\u5e94\u66f4\u5f3a\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u4e0d\u540c\u7c07\u5185\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u3001\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u7684\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u68c0\u6d4b\u51fa\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6548\u5e94\u548c\u6ea2\u51fa\u6548\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u968f\u673a\u9971\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615608\" alt=\"039\" title=\"039\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615609\" alt=\"\" title=\"\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615610\" alt=\"040\" title=\"040\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615611\" alt=\"\" title=\"\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615612\" alt=\"041\" title=\"041\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u975e\u53c2\u6570\u6a21\u578b\u5efa\u6a21<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046615613\" alt=\"042\" title=\"042\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<h2>3.5 \u62d3\u5c55\u4e0e\u5c55\u671b<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c<strong>\u89e6\u53d1\u5f0f\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u4e1a\u52a1\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u53ef\u80fd\u5e76\u672a\u5168\u90e8\u53d7\u5230\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u76f4\u63a5\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u6548\u679c\u65f6\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u7a00\u91ca\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u96be\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u663e\u8457\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u7b56\u7565\u5bf9\u5168\u90e8\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5355\u5143\u65bd\u52a0\u65f6\uff0c\u4f46\u4ec5\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5355\u5143\u88ab\u5b9e\u9645\u89e6\u53d1\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u54ea\u4e9b\u5355\u5143\u88ab\u89e6\u53d1\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5355\u5143\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8005\u5e76\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7b56\u7565\u89e6\u53d1\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u53ef\u80fd\u201c\u5077\u5077\u201d\u53d7\u5230\u7b56\u7565\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e0d\u9075\u5b88\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u5373\u4f9d\u4ece\u8005\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5982\u679c\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u6d4b\u8bd5\u836f\u7269\u6cbb\u7597\u5bf9\u67d0\u9879\u75be\u75c5\u6cbb\u7597\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8003\u8651\u5c06\u75c5\u4eba\u968f\u673a\u5206\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u3001\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u5e76\u4e14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u75c5\u4eba\u63a8\u8350\u836f\u7269\u6cbb\u7597\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u4e0d\u5403\u836f\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u75c5\u4eba\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6309\u8981\u6c42\u5403\u836f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u75c5\u4eba\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u201c\u5077\u5077\u201d\u5403\u836f\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528<strong>CACE<\/strong>\uff08Complier Average Causal Effect\uff09\u4f30\u8ba1\u4e0e\u63a8\u65ad\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30\u670d\u4ece\u5e72\u9884\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u964d\u65b9\u5dee\u65b9\u9762\uff0cCUPED \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u9009\u53d6\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u524d\u7684\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u524d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5355\u5143\u6216\u5b9e\u9a8c\u524d\u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u540e\u6570\u636e\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u8f83\u5dee\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u53ca\u5b9e\u9a8c\u540e\u7684\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u5728 CUPED \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b66\u754c\u548c\u4e1a\u754c\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u5176\u4ed6\u964d\u65b9\u5dee\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982<strong>CUPAC\u3001MLRATE\u3001STATE<\/strong>\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>CUPAC\u548cMLRATE\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u53d7\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5e72\u9884\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u7279\u5f81\u8bad\u7ec3\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4ee5\u9884\u6d4b\u76ee\u6807\u8bc4\u4f30\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u9884\u6d4b\u503c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56de\u5f52\u8c03\u6574\u4e2d\u7684\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u964d\u65b9\u5dee\u3002MLRATE\u5728\u56de\u5f52\u8c03\u6574\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u5e72\u9884\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u9884\u6d4b\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u9879\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u4ea4\u53c9\u62df\u5408\u51cf\u5c0f\u8fc7\u62df\u5408\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u504f\u5dee\u3002STATE\u65b9\u6cd5\u7ed3\u5408\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u56de\u5f52\u8c03\u6574\u4e0e$t$\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u539a\u5c3e\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u5347\u964d\u65b9\u5dee\u6548\u679c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u7ebf\u4e0b\u6a21\u62df\u548c\u5b9e\u9645\u6570\u636e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u53d1\u73b0\uff0cCUPAC\u548cMLRATE\u80fd\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u51cf\u5c11\u7ea610%\u7684\u65b9\u5dee\uff0c\u800cSTATE\u80fd\u964d\u4f4e\u63a5\u8fd150%\u7684\u65b9\u5dee\uff0c\u4f46\u4f30\u8ba1\u91cf\u4f1a\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u504f\u5dee\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u964d\u65b9\u5dee\u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u573a\u666f\u9a8c\u8bc1\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5176\u4ed6\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4fdd\u8bc1\u540c\u8d28\u6027\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u4e5f\u5c06\u8003\u8651\u5efa\u8bbe\u3002<strong>\u91cd\u968f\u673a\u5316<\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5206\u7ec4\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u529f\u6548\u3002\u91cd\u968f\u673a\u5316\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u6b21\u968f\u673a\u5206\u914d\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u5728\u5173\u952e\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0a\u8fbe\u5230\u9884\u8bbe\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u5c0f\u4e8e\u4e00\u5b9a\u9608\u503c\u6216\u540c\u8d28\u6027\u68c0\u9a8c\u4e2d\u7684$p$\u503c\u5927\u4e8e\u4e00\u5b9a\u9608\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u786e\u4fdd\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u5728\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u5f81\u4e0a\u66f4\u52a0\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u6df7\u6742\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u91cd\u968f\u673a\u5316\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b9e\u9a8c\u529f\u6548\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u6539\u5584\u7ec4\u95f4\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u65b9\u5dee\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u4e0b\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u771f\u5b9e\u6548\u5e94\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u51cf\u5c11\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u5728\u5173\u952e\u7279\u5f81\u4e0a\u66f4\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7ed3\u679c\u66f4\u80fd\u53cd\u6620\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6548\u679c\u800c\u975e\u5176\u4ed6\u6df7\u6742\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e8b\u5148\u5b9a\u4e49\u9700\u8981\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u534f\u53d8\u91cf\u53ca\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u5206\u6d41\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u5f53\u5bf9\u5206\u6d41\u5747\u8861\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u4e25\u82db\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u591a\u6b21\u968f\u673a\u5206\u6d41\u624d\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u9884\u671f\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u6210\u672c\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5e94\u5145\u5206\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5728\u7ed3\u679c\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u6210\u672c\u4e4b\u95f4\u627e\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u7684\u540c\u8d28\u6027\u662f\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u548c\u6709\u6548\u6027\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5b9e\u65bd\u51cf\u5c11\u6df7\u6742\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u80fd\u4f7f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u66f4\u5177\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u4e0e\u63a8\u5e7f\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6ea2\u51fa\u6548\u5e94\u96be\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f53\u524d\u4e3b\u8981\u8003\u8651\u901a\u8fc7\u533a\u57df\u7b49\u5730\u7406\u5355\u5143\u4ee5\u53ca\u8ba2\u5355\u5355\u5143\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6ea2\u51fa\u673a\u5236\u5efa\u6a21\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a2\u7d22\u4f7f\u7528<strong>\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u51b3\u7b56\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/strong>\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u65e0\u6cd5\u7269\u7406\u9694\u79bb\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5206\u6d41\u6ea2\u51fa\u6548\u5e94\u7b49\u96be\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>[1] Deng et al. (2013)\uff1aDeng et al. (2013), Improving the sensitivity of online controlled experiments by utilizing pre-experiment data, In proceedings of the 24th International Conference on World Wide Web, ACM, 123-132.<\/li>\n<li>[2] Lin\uff082013\uff09\uff1aWinston, Lin(2013), Agnostic notes on regression adjustments to experimental data:Reexamining Freedman\u2019s critique, The Annals of Applied Statistics, 295-318.<\/li>\n<li>[3] Population Average Effect\uff08PAE\uff09\uff1a\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\u67d0\u79cd\u5904\u7406\u6216\u5e72\u9884\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>[4] \u5047\u8bbe\u524d\u63d0\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4f53\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6548\u679c\u4e3a\u5e38\u6570\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6548\u679c\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u4f46\u76f8\u5bf9\u63d0\u5347\u5f88\u5c0f\u3002\uff08AA\u6a21\u62df\u60c5\u5f62\u4e0b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6548\u679c\u5747\u4e3a0\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6210\u7acb\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li>[5] \u90e8\u5206\u5047\u8bbe\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4f53\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6548\u679c\u4e3a\u5e38\u6570\uff08AA\u6a21\u62df\u60c5\u5f62\u4e0b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6548\u679c\u5747\u4e3a0\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6210\u7acb\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u9605\u8bfb\u66f4\u591a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>| \u5173\u6ce8\u300c\u7f8e\u56e2\u6280\u672f\u56e2\u961f\u300d\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff0c\u5728\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\u83dc\u5355\u680f\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6846\u56de\u590d\u30102024 \u5e74\u8d27\u3011\u3001\u30102023 \u5e74\u8d27\u3011\u3001\u30102023 \u5e74\u8d27\u3011\u3001\u30102022 \u5e74\u8d27\u3011\u3001\u30102021 \u5e74\u8d27\u3011\u3001\u30102020 \u5e74\u8d27\u3011\u3001\u30102019 \u5e74\u8d27\u3011\u3001\u30102018 \u5e74\u8d27\u3011\u3001\u30102017 \u5e74\u8d27\u3011\u7b49\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff0c\u53ef\u67e5\u770b\u7f8e\u56e2\u6280\u672f\u56e2\u961f\u5386\u5e74\u6280\u672f\u6587\u7ae0\u5408\u96c6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000046195963\" alt=\"\" title=\"\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p>| \u672c\u6587\u7cfb\u7f8e\u56e2\u6280\u672f\u56e2\u961f\u51fa\u54c1\uff0c\u8457\u4f5c\u6743\u5f52\u5c5e\u7f8e\u56e2\u3002\u6b22\u8fce\u51fa\u4e8e\u5206\u4eab\u548c\u4ea4\u6d41\u7b49\u975e\u5546\u4e1a\u76ee\u7684\u8f6c\u8f7d\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u672c\u6587\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u656c\u8bf7\u6ce8\u660e &#8220;\u5185\u5bb9\u8f6c\u8f7d\u81ea\u7f8e\u56e2\u6280\u672f\u56e2\u961f&#8221;\u3002\u672c\u6587\u672a\u7ecf\u8bb8\u53ef\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u8fdb\u884c\u5546\u4e1a\u6027\u8f6c\u8f7d\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u5546\u7528\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u8bf7\u53d1\u9001\u90ae\u4ef6\u81f3 <a href=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/a\/mailto:tech@meituan.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tech@meituan.com<\/a> \u7533\u8bf7\u6388\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/a\/1190000046615562\">https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/a\/1190000046615562<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u672c\u6587\u7cfb\u300a\u53ef\u4fe1\u5b9e\u9a8c\u767d\u76ae\u4e66\u300b\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u6211\u4eec\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5199AB\u5b9e\u9a8c\u767d\u76ae\u4e66\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e86AB\u5b9e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10020818","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-share"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10020818","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10020818"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10020818\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10020818"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10020818"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10020818"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}