{"id":10020817,"date":"2025-06-06T22:44:18","date_gmt":"2025-06-06T14:44:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/?p=10020817"},"modified":"2025-06-06T22:44:18","modified_gmt":"2025-06-06T14:44:18","slug":"emacs%ef%bc%9a%e6%88%91%e6%9b%be%e4%b8%ba%e4%bd%a0%e7%95%99%e4%b8%8b%e9%80%80%e8%b7%af","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/?p=10020817","title":{"rendered":"Emacs\uff1a\u6211\u66fe\u4e3a\u4f60\u7559\u4e0b\u9000\u8def\u2026\u2026"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote><p>=&gt; <strong>\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7<\/strong>\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/a\/1190000046611939\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u4f60\u4f1a\u5199 Emacs \u547d\u4ee4\u5417\uff1f<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>\u524d\u8a00<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4f60\u65e9\u5df2\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u7528 Emacs \u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7f16\u8f91 foo.txt \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u7f16\u8f91\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5df2\u9887\u4e3a\u719f\u6089\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u952e <code>C-x C-s<\/code> \u5c06 Emacs \u7684 foo.txt \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u91cc\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4fdd\u5b58\u81f3 foo.txt \u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5728 foo.txt \u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u91cc\uff0c\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u540d\u4e3a <code>foo.txt~<\/code> \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4f60\u8fd8\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u5728\u7f16\u8f91 foo.txt \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u82e5\u6709\u6240\u505c\u987f\uff0c\u5076\u5c14\u4f60\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u5fae\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4f1a\u95ea\u8fc7\u300cAuto-saving&#8230;done\u300d\u5b57\u6837\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5728 foo.txt \u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u540d\u4e3a <code>#foo.txt#<\/code> \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0e foo.txt \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5185\u5bb9\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u5bf9 foo.txt \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6267\u884c <code>C-x C-s<\/code> \u540e\uff0c#foo.txt# \u6587\u4ef6\u4fbf\u81ea\u52a8\u6d88\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f Emacs \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4fdd\u62a4\u673a\u5236\u7684\u5916\u5728\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u5f88\u591a Emacs \u6559\u7a0b\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u4fdd\u62a4\u673a\u5236\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7136\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5acc\u5f03\u50cf <code>foo.txt~<\/code> \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6709\u788d\u89c2\u77bb\uff0c\u4fbf\u5728 init.el \u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u4f5c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8bbe\u5b9a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lisp\">;; \u7981\u7528\u81ea\u52a8\u5907\u4efd\u529f\u80fd\n(setq make-backup-files nil)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5982\u6b64\u8bbe\u5b9a\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f Emacs \u8d4b\u4e88\u4f60\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6211\u8fd8\u662f\u5efa\u8bae\u4f60\u77e5\u6089\u8be6\u60c5\u540e\u518d\u4f5c\u5b9a\u593a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece\u4e00\u4e9b Emacs \u9ad8\u624b\u7684 init.el \u4e2d\u6284\u6765\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bbe\u5b9a\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u4e3a\u81ea\u52a8\u5907\u4efd\u673a\u5236\u662f Emacs \u65e0\u7528\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u5907\u4efd<\/h2>\n<p>\u50cf foo.txt~ \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u662f Emacs \u4e3a foo.txt \u6587\u4ef6\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u57fa\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8bd5\u9a8c\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u548c\u7528\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u7528 Emacs \u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6 foo.txt\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u5728 Emacs \u91cc\u5f00\u542f\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a foo.txt \u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>this is foo.txt.<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5f53\u4f60\u7528 <code>C-x C-s<\/code> \u5c06\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5185\u5bb9\u4fdd\u5b58\u81f3\u6587\u4ef6 foo.txt \u540e\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6 Emacs \u5e76\u4e0d\u521b\u5efa foo.txt~ \u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u7528 Emacs \u518d\u6b21\u6253\u5f00 foo.txt \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a<\/p>\n<pre><code>this is foo.txt.\nthere are some modifications.<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u4fdd\u5b58\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6 Emacs \u4fbf\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa foo.txt~ \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3a<\/p>\n<pre><code>this is foo.txt.<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4ea6\u5373 foo.txt~ \u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u4fee\u6539\u524d\u7684 foo.txt \u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6545\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a foo.txt~ \u6587\u4ef6\u662f foo.txt \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5018\u82e5\u4f60\u5bf9 foo.txt \u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u5e76\u4e0d\u6ee1\u610f\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u56de\u9000\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5728 Unix \u6216 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u91cc\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5728 Shell \u91cc\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"console\">$ mv foo.txt~ foo.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u7528 Emacs \u91cd\u65b0\u6253\u5f00 foo.txt \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u518d\u4f5c\u7f16\u8f91\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7ec3\u4e60<\/strong>\uff1a\u5018\u82e5\u4f60\u521a\u624d\u4fee\u6539\u4e86 foo.txt \u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u4e88\u4ee5\u4fdd\u5b58\uff0c\u4f46\u6b64\u65f6 Emacs \u5e76\u672a\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u5373\u4f9d\u7136\u5b58\u5728 foo.txt \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff0c\u8bf7\u6267\u884c <code>C-x x g<\/code>\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u6240\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u8865\u4e01<\/h2>\n<p>\u5018\u82e5\u4f60\u61c2\u5f97\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 diff\/patch \u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 Emacs \u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u4e0a\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5236\u4f5c\u6587\u4ef6\u8865\u4e01\u3002\u4f8b\u5982<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"console\">$ diff -u foo.txt~ foo.txt &gt; foo.patch<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>diff \u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u6790 foo.txt~ \u548c foo.txt \u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u5199\u5165 foo.patch \u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06 foo.patch \u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eba\u3002\u82e5\u540e\u8005\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u540c\u6837\u5b58\u5728 foo.txt \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e14\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0e\u4f60\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u7684 foo.txt~ \u6587\u4ef6\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528 patch \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5f15\u5165\u4f60\u5bf9 foo.txt \u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"console\">$ patch foo.txt &lt; foo.patch<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6253\u4e86\u8865\u4e01\u7684 foo.txt\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u8865\u4e01\u6587\u4ef6\u5c1a\u5728\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 patch \u547d\u4ee4\u64a4\u9500\u8865\u4e01\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"console\">$ patch -R foo.txt &lt; foo.patch<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>diff \u548c patch \u90fd\u662f\u6e90\u81ea Unix \u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u5c0f\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u65f6\u95f4\u719f\u6089\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u5728\u5408\u4f5c\u7f16\u5199\u540c\u4e00\u4efd\u6587\u6863\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5b9e\u73b0\u5de5\u4f5c\u540c\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u5173\u8054\u5217\u8868<\/h2>\n<p>Emacs \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u4e3a\u4f60\u7f16\u8f91\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5907\u4efd\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4f60\u4ece\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5907\u4efd\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u8981\u5b83\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f60\u4fbf\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u8086\u610f\u5984\u4e3a\u7684\u5e95\u6c14\u3002\u8ba9\u4f60\u89c9\u5f97\u96be\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f60\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u91cc\u6709\u4e00\u5806\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0cEmacs \u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u5b58\u653e\u6240\u6709\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 $HOME\/.emacs.d \u76ee\u5f55\u521b\u5efa backups \u76ee\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"console\">$ cd ~\/.emacs.d\n$ mkdir backups<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728 Linux \u7684 Shell \u91cc\uff0c<code>$HOME<\/code> \u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5199\u4e3a <code>~<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u5728 init.el \u91cc\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lisp\">;; \u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u653e\u76ee\u5f55\n(setq backup-directory-alist '((&quot;.&quot; . &quot;~\/.emacs.d\/backups&quot;)))<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684 <code>setq<\/code>\uff0c\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f88\u719f\u6089\u5b83\u4e86\u3002\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u8fd8\u4e0d\u61c2 Elisp \u7684\u5173\u8054\u5217\u8868\u3002<code>backup-directory-alist<\/code> \u4fbf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u8054\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5176\u503c\u662f\u53ea\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lisp\">'((&quot;.&quot; . &quot;~\/.emacs.d\/backups&quot;))<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u660e\u767d\u4f55\u4e3a\u5173\u8054\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lisp\">(let ((this-list '((&quot;foo&quot; . &quot;i am foo!&quot;)\n                   (&quot;bar&quot; . &quot;i am bar!&quot;)\n                   (&quot;hello&quot; . &quot;Hello world!&quot;))))\n    (dolist (it this-list)\n        (message &quot;%s: %s&quot; (car it) (cdr it))))<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c<code>this-list<\/code> \u662f\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5176\u503c\u662f\u4e09\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6784\u6210\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5373\u4e3a\u5173\u8054\u5217\u8868\u3002\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lisp\">(\u952e . \u503c)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u5b57\u4f53\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u66fe\u7528 <code>dolist<\/code> \u904d\u5386\u8fc7 Unicode \u811a\u672c\u5217\u8868\u3002\u867d\u7136 <code>this-list<\/code> \u662f\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5143\u7d20\u6784\u6210\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4f46\u7ec8\u5f52\u662f\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u6545\u800c\u53ef\u7528 <code>dolist<\/code> \u904d\u5386\u3002\u904d\u5386\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c<code>it<\/code> \u6307\u5411 <code>this-list<\/code> \u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u7528 <code>car<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97 <code>it<\/code> \u6240\u6307\u4ee3\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u300c\u952e\u300d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c <code>cdr<\/code> \u53ef\u83b7\u5f97\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u300c\u503c\u300d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 Emacs \u91cc\u5bf9\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u6c42\u503c\uff0c\u6c42\u503c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u591a\u884c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u800c\u5fae\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u53ea\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u3002\u5728 Emacs \u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u91cc\uff0c\u5018\u82e5\u4f60\u7528\u9f20\u6807\u5de6\u952e\u70b9\u4e00\u4e0b\u5fae\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff0cEmacs \u4fbf\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5f00\u542f\u65b0\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u663e\u793a <code>*Messages*<\/code> \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5728\u8be5\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u91cc\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6c42\u503c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>foo: i am foo!\nbar: i am bar!\nhello: Hello world!\nnil<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u524d\u4e09\u884c\u4fe1\u606f\u662f <code>message<\/code> \u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u6700\u540e\u7684 <code>nil<\/code> \u662f Emacs \u5bf9 <code>let<\/code> \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6c42\u503c\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5c06\u5149\u6807\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230 <code>*Message*<\/code> \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff0c\u6441 q \u952e\u4fbf\u53ef\u5173\u95ed\u8be5\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6240\u5728\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u4f60\u660e\u767d\u4f55\u4e3a\u5173\u8054\u5217\u8868\u540e\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e0a\u8ff0 init.el \u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5907\u4efd\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4ee3\u7801\u6240\u5269\u7684\u7591\u60d1\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u952e\u503c\u5bf9<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lisp\">(&quot;.&quot; . &quot;~\/.emacs.d\/backups&quot;)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8868\u793a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u952e <code>&quot;.&quot;<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u503c <code>&quot;~\/.emacs.d\/backups&quot;<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u5b58\u653e\u6240\u6709\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u4e0a\u8ff0 init.el \u7684\u8bbe\u5b9a\u751f\u6548\u540e\uff0cEmacs \u4fbf\u4f1a\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u5b58\u653e\u4e8e ~\/.emacs.d\/backups \u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5018\u82e5\u6211\u5728 ~\/test\/emacs \u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u7f16\u8f91 foo.txt \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5728 ~\/.emacs.d\/backups \u76ee\u5f55\u91cc\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u662f<\/p>\n<pre><code>!home!garfileo!test!emacs!foo.txt~<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5018\u82e5\u4f60\u5c06 <code>!<\/code> \u7406\u89e3\u4e3a <code>\/<\/code>\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4fbf\u53ef\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u662f \/home\/garfileo\/test\/emacs \u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684 foo.txt \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u81ea\u52a8\u4fdd\u5b58<\/h2>\n<p>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cEmacs \u4f1a\u5728\u6bcf\u8f93\u5165 300 \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff08\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7 <code>auto-save-interval<\/code> \u53d8\u91cf\u4fee\u6539\u6b64\u503c\uff09\u6216\u5728 30 \u79d2\u5185\u65e0\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7 <code>auto-save-timeout<\/code> \u53d8\u91cf\u4fee\u6539\u6b64\u503c\uff09\uff0c\u4fbf\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5185\u5bb9\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002\u672c\u6587\u524d\u8a00\u6240\u8ff0\u7684\u540d\u4e3a <code>#foo.txt#<\/code> \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f Emacs \u5bf9 foo.txt \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5185\u5bb9\u81ea\u52a8\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4f60\u4f1a\u89c9\u5f97\u5947\u602a\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f55 Emacs \u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5185\u5bb9\u81ea\u52a8\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u5462\uff1f\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c06 foo.txt \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u81ea\u52a8\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230 foo.txt \u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0cEmacs \u53ef\u4ee5\u5982\u4f60\u6240\u613f\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u9700\u8981\u4f60\u5728 init.el \u91cc\u4e88\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lisp\">;; \u76f4\u63a5\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u6b63\u5728\u7f16\u8f91\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u975e\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\n(auto-save-visited-mode 1)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u4f60\u5982\u6b64\u8bbe\u5b9a\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u662f\uff0c\u82e5 Emacs \u6bcf\u6b21\u6309\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bbe\u5b9a\uff0c\u5c06\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5185\u5bb9\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u6240\u7f16\u8f91\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5219\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8981\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u4f5c\u4e00\u6b21\u5907\u4efd\uff0c\u800c\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u5728\u4f60\u6beb\u65e0\u5bdf\u89c9\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u5907\u4efd\uff0c\u4f1a\u88ab Emacs \u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u4fdd\u5b58\u673a\u5236\u6084\u65e0\u58f0\u606f\u7684\u7be1\u6539\u4e86\uff0c\u800c Emacs \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u4fdd\u5b58\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u7f8e\u517c\u5bb9\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5907\u4efd\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5018\u82e5\u4f60\u51b3\u5b9a\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528 Emacs \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u4fdd\u5b58\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u638c\u63e1\u5982\u4f55\u57fa\u4e8e\u8be5\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u6297\u4e00\u4e9b\u610f\u5916\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u6b63\u5728\u7f16\u8f91\u4e00\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u610f\u5916\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7a81\u7136\u5173\u673a\uff0c\u4f60\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u6539\u52a8\u4f1a\u56e0\u672a\u80fd\u53ca\u65f6\u4fdd\u5b58\u800c\u4e22\u5931\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u91cd\u65b0\u5f00\u673a\u540e\uff0c\u4fbf\u53ef\u57fa\u4e8e Emacs \u81ea\u52a8\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6539\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8bd5\u9a8c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u610f\u5916\u573a\u666f\u3002\u7528 Emacs \u7f16\u8f91\u524d\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\u7684 foo.txt\uff0c\u4ee4\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u53d8\u4e3a<\/p>\n<pre><code>this is foo.txt.\nthere are some modifications.\nmore modifications!<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u7565\u7b49\u7ea6 1 \u5206\u949f\uff0c\u77e5\u9053\u4f60\u770b\u5230\u5728 foo.txt \u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u51fa\u73b0 #foo.txt# \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58 foo.txt \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5173\u95ed Emacs\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0cEmacs \u4f1a\u63d0\u9192\u4f60\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u4fdd\u5b58\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4f60\u9009\u62e9\u300cClose Without Saving\u300d\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u4fbf\u6a21\u62df\u4e86\u7c7b\u4f3c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7a81\u7136\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u800c\u4f60\u6765\u4e0d\u53ca\u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"585\" height=\"317\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/bVdjKC3\" alt=\"\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u5417\uff1f\" title=\"\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u5417\uff1f\"><\/p>\n<p>\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u5728 #foo.txt# \u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u91cc\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u6253\u5f00\u6216\u521b\u5efa foo.txt \u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0cEmacs \u4f1a\u5728\u5fae\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u91cc\u63d0\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>foo.txt has auto save data; consider M-x recover-this-file<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5f53\u4f60\u6267\u884c <code>M-x recover-this-file<\/code> \u540e\uff0cEmacs \u4f1a\u5728\u5fae\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u8be2\u95ee\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>Recover auto save file \/home\/garfileo\/test\/emacs\/#foo.txt#? (yes or no)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u5fae\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u8f93\u5165 <code>yes RET<\/code>\uff0c\u4fbf\u53ef\u5728 foo.txt \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u91cc\u6062\u590d\u5728\u610f\u5916\u5173\u673a\u524d Emacs \u4e3a\u4f60\u81ea\u52a8\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u6b63\u5e38\u5c06\u5176\u4fdd\u5b58\u81f3 foo.txt \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e #foo.txt# \u4fbf\u4e8b\u4e86\u62c2\u8863\u53bb\uff0c\u6df1\u85cf\u529f\u4e0e\u540d\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u610f\u5916\u5173\u673a\uff0c\u4f60\u624d\u80fd\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u770b\u5230\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<p>\u6211\u867d\u8eab\u4e3a Emacs \u591a\u5e74\u7684\u8d44\u6df1\u65b0\u624b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u548c\u4f60\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u521d\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528 Emacs \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u81ea\u52a8\u5907\u4efd\u4e0e\u4fdd\u5b58\u673a\u5236\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86 Elisp \u7684\u5173\u8054\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5b83\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5178\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u4ece\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u904d\u5386\u4e00\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>=&gt; <strong>\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7<\/strong>\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/a\/1190000046616800\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u2014\u2014Emacs \u65e0\u5f62\u4e4b\u8c61<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/a\/1190000046614136\">https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/a\/1190000046614136<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>=&gt; \u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\uff1a\u4f60\u4f1a\u5199 Emacs \u547d\u4ee4\u5417\uff1f \u524d\u8a00 \u4e5f\u8bb8\u4f60\u65e9\u5df2\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u7528 Emacs \u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10020817","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-share"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10020817","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10020817"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10020817\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10020817"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10020817"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10020817"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}