{"id":10019944,"date":"2024-03-27T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-03-27T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/?p=10019944"},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T16:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/?p=10019944","title":{"rendered":"GPT\uff08LLM\uff09\u4e0d\u662fAGI\u7684\u5168\u90e8"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" data-action=\"zoom\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/image.woshipm.com\/2023\/04\/14\/b6fdcf88-daa1-11ed-aaf8-00163e0b5ff3.png\" \/><\/p>\n<h2  id=\"toc-1\" class=\"jltoc--item\">\u4e00\u3001AGI\u5168\u666f\u68b3\u7406<\/h2>\n<p>\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u63a2\u7d22\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u524d\u666f\u65f6\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u4f1a\u521b\u9020\u4e00\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u540d\u8bcd\u3002\u800c\u5145\u5206\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bcd\u6c47\u5219\u662f\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u540d\u8bcd\u5305\u62ec\u4eba\u5de5\u901a\u7528\u667a\u80fd\uff08AGI\uff09\u3001\u7a84\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff08ANI\uff09\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\uff08NLP\uff09\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\uff08CV\uff09\u3001\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff08LLM\uff09\u3001AIGC\uff08\u751f\u6210\u5f0f\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff09\u3001GPT\uff08\u751f\u6210\u5f0f\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3Transformer\u6a21\u578b\uff09\u3001BERT\uff08\u57fa\u4e8eTransformer\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u7f16\u7801\uff09\u3001Diffusion Models\uff08\u6269\u6563\u6a21\u578b\uff09\u3001GANs\uff08\u751f\u6210\u5bf9\u6297\u7f51\u7edc\uff09\u3001Transformer\u3001RNNs\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff09\u3001CNNs\uff08\u5377\u79ef\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff09\u3001ANN\uff08\u4eba\u5de5\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff09\u3001Fine-tuning\uff08\u5fae\u8c03\uff09\u548cPLHF\uff08\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\uff09\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u5c0f\u7ed3\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u68b3\u7406\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" data-action=\"zoom\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/image.woshipm.com\/2024\/03\/26\/b3662acc-eb59-11ee-be21-00163e0b5ff3.png\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>1. \u6982\u5ff5\u5c42<\/h3>\n<p>AI\u662f\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff08Artificial Intelligence\uff09\u7684\u7b80\u79f0\uff0c\u8be5\u6982\u5ff5\u6700\u65e9\u662f\u8fbe\u7279\u8305\u65af\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u540d\u5e74\u8f7b\u6559\u6388\u7ea6\u7ff0-\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\uff08John McCarthy\uff09\u57281956\u5e74\u4e3a\u7814\u8ba8\u4f1a\u5199\u63d0\u6848\u65f6\u521b\u9020\u7684\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u63a5\u53d7\u4e3a\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e00\u79cd\u7531\u4eba\u7c7b\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5b83\u6a21\u4eff\u5e76\u6269\u5c55\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u611f\u77e5\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u63a8\u7406\u548c\u51b3\u7b56\u7b49\u3002\u4f46\u957f\u4e45\u4ee5\u6765AI\u6982\u5ff5\u53ea\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7406\u60f3\u548c\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5e76\u65e0\u5b9e\u9645\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"js-star yyp--fancyPost\" data-id=\"45\"><\/div>\n<p>\u4e3a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b9e\u73b0AI\uff0c\u5b66\u8005\u548c\u4e13\u5bb6\u4eec\u6839\u636e\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e0d\u540c\u5c06AI\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u62c6\u5206\u4e3aAGI\u548cANI\u4e24\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>AGI<\/strong>\uff1a\u662f\u6307\u901a\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff08Artificial General Intelligence\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u77e5\u8bc6\u8de8\u8d8a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9886\u57df\u548c\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u667a\u80fd\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u4e0eANI\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u4e3b\u8981\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u9886\u57df\u6216\u4efb\u52a1\uff08\u5982\u56fe\u50cf\u8bc6\u522b\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6216\u73a9\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6e38\u620f\uff09\uff0cAGI\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u4e13\u95e8\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65b0\u4efb\u52a1\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u81ea\u4e3b\u5730\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u667a\u80fd\u751f\u7269\u80fd\u591f\u6267\u884c\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6216\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4AGI\u662f\u6a21\u578b\u6cdb\u5316\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>ANI<\/strong>\uff1a\u662f\u6307\u7a84\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff08Artificial Narrow Intelligence\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e13\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4e13\u95e8\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6765\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u51e0\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u667a\u80fd\u7cfb\u7edf\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5728\u5176\u4e13\u95e8\u9886\u57df\u5185\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u548c\u5f3a\u5927\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u662f\u5c40\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u5176\u88ab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u4efb\u52a1\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5f97\u76ca\u4e8eAI\u4e09\u5de8\u5934\uff08Yann LeCun\u3001Geoffrey Hinton &amp; Yoshua Bengio\uff09\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb10\u5e74\uff0cANI\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u3001\u56fe\u50cf\u8bc6\u522b\u65b9\u9762\u53d6\u5f97\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u5e76\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5728\u5404\u884c\u4e1a\u4e2d\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u63a8\u5e7f\u3002\u4f46\u5728AGI\u6d3e\u6765\u770b\uff0cANI\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b97\u771f\u6b63\u7684AI\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aANI\u7f3a\u4e4f\u50cf\u4eba\u4e00\u6837\u5bf9\u4fe1\u606f\u5e7f\u6cdb\u548c\u901a\u7528\u7684\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u671d\u5411\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e13\u7cbe\u7684\u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u77e5\u8bc6\u8986\u76d6\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u3001\u901a\u7528\u7684\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\u65b9\u5411\u53d1\u5c55\uff1f\u6709\u5f85\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u4f46AGI\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65b0\u5174\u4e8b\u7269\u786e\u5b9e\u5df2\u5f97\u5230\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u8ba4\u53ef\u548c\u5173\u6ce8\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86AGI\u548cANI\u4e24\u4e2aAI\u76ee\u6807\u6982\u5ff5\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u611f\u5b98\u9700\u6c42\uff0cAI\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5e94\u7528\u5219\u4e3b\u8981\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u89c6\u89c9\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4e24\u5927\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5373\uff1aNLP\u548cCV\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>NLP<\/strong>\uff1a\u662f\u6307\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\uff08Natural Language Processing\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff08AI\uff09\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u4f7f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u80fd\u591f\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u89e3\u91ca\u548c\u751f\u6210\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u3002NLP\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u6865\u63a5\u4eba\u7c7b\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u4f46\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e\uff1a\u6587\u672c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u6587\u6458\uff0c\u547d\u540d\u5b9e\u4f53\u8bc6\u522b\uff08NER\uff09\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u7406\u89e3\uff08NLU\uff09\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>CV<\/strong>\uff1a\u662f\u6307\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\uff08Computer Vision\uff09\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4f7f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u80fd\u591f\u201c\u770b\u201d\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u56fe\u50cf\u548c\u89c6\u9891\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5c31\u50cfNLP\u4f7f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u80fd\u591f\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u751f\u6210\u4eba\u7c7b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u4ece\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u5230\u590d\u6742\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f46\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e\uff1a\u56fe\u50cf\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u5bf9\u8c61\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u56fe\u50cf\u5206\u5272\uff0c\u56fe\u50cf\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u56fe\u50cf\u6062\u590d\uff0c\u52a8\u4f5c\u8bc6\u522b\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5f53\u524d\u6700\u706b\u7206\u7684ChatGPT\u548cStable Diffustion\u5c31\u662fAI\u5728NLP\u548cCV\u9886\u57df\u6700\u4e3a\u6210\u529f\u7684\u4e24\u6b3e\u5e94\u7528\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u800cChatGPT\u5c31\u662fLLM\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>LLM\uff1a\u662f\u6307\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u578b\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff08Large Language Model\uff09\u3002\u968f\u7740ChatGPT\u7684\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u800c\u5e7f\u4e3a\u4eba\u77e5\u3002\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5229\u7528\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6280\u672f\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u751f\u6210\u548c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4eba\u7c7b\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u6d77\u91cf\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u6765\u5b66\u4e60\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u8bed\u6cd5\u3001\u8bed\u4e49\u53ca\u5176\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u80fd\u591f\u751f\u6210\u8fde\u8d2f\u3001\u903c\u771f\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u56de\u7b54\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u603b\u7ed3\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u6307\u51fa\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u662f\u6307\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5f97\u7684\u8d85\u5927\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aChatGPT-4\u8bad\u7ec3\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u5927\u6982\u662f1750\u4ebf\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u800c\u9a6c\u65af\u514b\u521a\u521a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684Grok-1\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u5219\u4e3a3140\u4ebf\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8eANI\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u53d8\u91cf\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u6307\u901a\u8fc7\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5927\u6837\u672c\u6216\u5927\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0cLLM\u662f\u7279\u6307\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u53c2\u6570\u7684ANI\u6a21\u578b\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u79f0\u4e3aLLM\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u534e\u4e3a\u76d8\u53e4\u6c14\u8c61\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u5e76\u4e0d\u662fLLM\uff0c\u5176\u53ea\u662f\u91c7\u7528Transformer\u67b6\u6784\u7684ANI\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5373\uff1a\u751f\u6210\u5f0fAI\uff08Artificial Intelligence Generated Content\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0AIGC\uff09\u3002\u8be5\u6982\u5ff5\u5e76\u4e0d\u662fAGI\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u539f\u751f\u8bcd\u6c47\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56fd\u5185\u5b66\u672f\u9020\u8bcd\u5de5\u5382\u7684\u6770\u4f5c\u3002\u56fd\u5185\u666e\u904d\u8ba4\u4e3aAIGC\u662f\u5229\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u672c\u3001\u56fe\u7247\u3001\u97f3\u4e50\u3001\u89c6\u9891\u7b49\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u4f46\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u751f\u6210\uff08NLG\uff09\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u3001\u97f3\u9891\u5408\u6210\u548c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u91cd\u590d\u548c\u542b\u7cca\u4e0d\u6e05\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0cAIGC\u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u628aNLP\u3001CV\u7b49\u91cd\u65b0\u5305\u88c5\u6210\u4ea7\u4e1a\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5236\u9020\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u70ed\u70b9\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u91cd\u70b9\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6700\u8fd1\u6bd4\u8f83\u70ed\u70b9\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u5168\u90e8\u3002\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u53eb\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u540d\u8bcd\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u65e0\u5b9e\u9645\u6a21\u578b\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u65b9\u4fbf\u4eba\u4eec\u5f52\u7c7b\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u79f0\u547c\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8bb2\u89e3\u7684\u5177\u4f53AI\u5de5\u5177\u5219\u662f\u6709\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u67b6\u6784\u548c\u7b97\u6cd5\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u6709\u5b9e\u9645\u5b9e\u73b0\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2. \u5b9e\u73b0\u5c42<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fbf\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u67b6\u6784\u548c\u7b97\u6cd5\u5f52\u7edf\u79f0\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u5c42\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9996\u5148\u51fa\u573a\u7684\u662f\u5f53\u4e0b\u6700\u706b\u7684GPT\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>1\uff09GPT\u2014\u751f\u6210\u5f0f\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3Transformer\u6a21\u578b\uff08Generative Pre-trained Transformer\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cdLLM\u4e5f\u662fNLP\uff0c\u7531OpenAI\u5f00\u53d1\u3002\u5b83\u57fa\u4e8eTransformer\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u548c\u751f\u6210\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64GPT\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u751f\u6210\u56fe\u50cf\u3002GPT\u6a21\u578b\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5927\u91cf\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e86\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u8bed\u6cd5\u3001\u8bcd\u6c47\u53ca\u5176\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u6267\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u3001\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3001\u95ee\u7b54\u548c\u6458\u8981\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u5fae\u8c03\u6784\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u9636\u6bb5\uff0cGPT\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8bcd\u6c47\u3001\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u9aa4\u8ba9\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u751f\u6210\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u5fae\u8c03\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e0a\u518d\u6b21\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u66f4\u52a0\u7cbe\u51c6\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u3002GPT\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u5176\u201c\u751f\u6210\u80fd\u529b\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u80fd\u591f\u57fa\u4e8e\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u672c\u63d0\u793a\u751f\u6210\u8fde\u8d2f\u3001\u521b\u65b0\u3001\u591a\u6837\u5316\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97GPT\u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u56de\u7b54\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u53c2\u4e0e\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u4f5c\u6587\u7ae0\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u66f4\u591a\u521b\u9020\u6027\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" data-action=\"zoom\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/image.woshipm.com\/2024\/03\/26\/fba84bda-eb59-11ee-8340-00163e0b5ff3.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5de6\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u4f7f\u7528\u7684Transfomer\u67b6\u6784\u5f00\u5c55\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u53f3\u56fe\u5219\u662f\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u4efb\u52a1\u8fdb\u884c\u5fae\u8c03\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u8f6c\u6362\u3002\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u8f93\u5165\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aToken\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u7531\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u662fLinear+softmax\u5c42\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5fae\u8c03\uff08Fine-tuning\uff09\u662f\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\uff08NLP\uff09\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u3002\u5fae\u8c03\u901a\u5e38\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u901a\u7528\u6a21\u578b\u8c03\u6574\u4e3a\u7279\u5b9a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u4e13\u7528\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>2\uff09BERT\u2014\u57fa\u4e8eTransformer\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u7f16\u7801\u6a21\u578b\uff08Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u540c\u6837\u91c7\u7528Transformer\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\uff08NLP\uff09\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u7531Google\u57282018\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u521b\u65b0\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u5411Transformer\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5355\u5411\u6216\u90e8\u5206\u53cc\u5411\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u6355\u6349\u5230\u8bcd\u8bed\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" data-action=\"zoom\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/image.woshipm.com\/2024\/03\/26\/054e4b30-eb5a-11ee-8340-00163e0b5ff3.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u4e0a\u56fe\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0cBERT\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u5411\u8f6c\u6362\u5668\u3002OpenAI GPT\u4f7f\u7528\u4ece\u5de6\u5230\u53f3\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u5668\u3002ELMo\u4f7f\u7528\u72ec\u7acb\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u4ece\u5de6\u5230\u53f3\u548c\u4ece\u53f3\u5230\u5de6\u7684LSTM\u7684\u7ea7\u8054\u6765\u751f\u6210\u4e0b\u6e38\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u8868\u793a\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709BERT\u8868\u793a\u5728\u6240\u6709\u5c42\u4e2d\u90fd\u4ee5\u5de6\u53f3\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e3a\u8054\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u67b6\u6784\u5dee\u5f02\u4e4b\u5916\uff0cBERT\u548cOpenAI GPT\u662f\u5fae\u8c03\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800cELMo\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u867d\u7136BERT\u4e5f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6355\u6349\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6df1\u5c42\u8bed\u4e49\u548c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u8bbe\u8ba1\u521d\u8877\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u63d0\u9ad8\u7279\u5b9a\u7684NLP\u4efb\u52a1\uff08\u5982\u95ee\u7b54\u3001\u547d\u540d\u5b9e\u4f53\u8bc6\u522b\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u5206\u6790\u7b49\uff09\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u751f\u6210\u80fd\u529b\u201d\u3002\u7531\u4e8eBERT\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u5927\u81f4\u57283.4\u4ebf\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u628aBERT\u5f52\u4e3aLLM\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\uff08NLP\uff09\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u8457\u540d\u7684GPT\u7cfb\u5217\u548cBERT\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aELMo\u3001RoBERTa\u3001T5\u3001XLNet\u548cGrok-1\u91c7\u7528\u7684Mixture-of-Experts\u6a21\u578b\u7b49\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7bc7\u5e45\u6709\u9650\u4e0d\u4e00\u4e00\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\uff08CV\uff09\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4f17\u661f\u7480\u74a8\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4ee5Diffusion Models\u548cGANs\u6700\u4e3a\u8457\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>3\uff09Diffusion Models\u2014\u6269\u6563\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Diffusion Models\u540c\u6837\u662f\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u3001\u903c\u771f\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\u50cf\u3001\u97f3\u9891\u3001\u6587\u672c\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7075\u611f\u6765\u81ea\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u6269\u6563\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5373\u7269\u8d28\u4ece\u9ad8\u6d53\u5ea6\u533a\u57df\u5411\u4f4e\u6d53\u5ea6\u533a\u57df\u79fb\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Diffusion Models \u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u6765\u751f\u6210\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5373\uff1a\u566a\u58f0\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff08\u5411\u524d\u6269\u6563\uff09\uff0c\u566a\u58f0\u53bb\u9664\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff08\u5411\u540e\u6269\u6563\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" data-action=\"zoom\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/image.woshipm.com\/2024\/03\/26\/139240fc-eb5a-11ee-8340-00163e0b5ff3.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6269\u6563\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9a6c\u5c14\u53ef\u592b\u94fe\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u91c7\u6837\u7684\u76f8\u53cd\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u9010\u6e10\u5411\u6570\u636e\u6dfb\u52a0\u566a\u58f0\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4fe1\u53f7\u88ab\u7834\u574f\u3002\u5f53\u6269\u6563\u7531\u5c11\u91cf\u9ad8\u65af\u566a\u58f0\u7ec4\u6210\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u91c7\u6837\u94fe\u8f6c\u6362\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u6761\u4ef6\u9ad8\u65af\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7279\u522b\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u8bad\u7ec3\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u9762Diffusion models \u901a\u5e38\u5229\u7528CNNs\uff08\u5377\u79ef\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u67b6\u6784\u3002\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5377\u79ef\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u5728\u5904\u7406\u56fe\u50cf\u6570\u636e\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u6027\u548c\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>CNNs\u80fd\u591f\u4ece\u56fe\u50cf\u4e2d\u81ea\u52a8\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u63d0\u53d6\u6709\u7528\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u4eec\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u56fe\u50cf\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\u50cf\u751f\u6210\u3001\u56fe\u50cf\u5206\u7c7b\u3001\u56fe\u50cf\u6062\u590d\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Diffusion models\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e2d\uff0cCNNs\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u53bb\u566a\u201d\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u8bd5\u56fe\u4ece\u90e8\u5206\u52a0\u566a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u9884\u6d4b\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5e72\u51c0\u7248\u672c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u7406\u89e3\u56fe\u50cf\u4e2d\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u9010\u6b65\u6d88\u9664\u566a\u58f0\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u91cd\u5efa\u51fa\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u3002CNNs\u4ee5\u5176\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u7279\u5f81\u63d0\u53d6\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u8fd9\u9879\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u7279\u5b9a\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0cDiffusion models\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u96c6\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u67b6\u6784\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6d89\u53ca\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5982\u6587\u672c\u6216\u97f3\u9891\uff09\u7684\u751f\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528RNNs\uff08\u5faa\u73af\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff09\u6216Transformer\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f51\u7edc\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5904\u7406\u5e8f\u5217\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e5f\u5f00\u59cb\u63a2\u7d22\u5c06Transformer\u67b6\u6784\u5e94\u7528\u4e8eDiffusion models\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\u6216\u957f\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002OpenAI\u6700\u8fd1\u53d1\u5e03\u7684Sora\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cdTransformer+Diffusion\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5176\u5229\u7528Transformer\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u5bf9\u89c6\u9891\u548c\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u65f6\u7a7a\u8865\u4e01\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u53d8\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u548c\u5bbd\u9ad8\u6bd4\u7684\u89c6\u9891\u548c\u56fe\u50cf\u4e0a\u8bad\u7ec3\u6587\u672c\u6761\u4ef6\u6269\u6563\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u867d\u7136Diffusion models\u6700\u521d\u548c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u662f\u57fa\u4e8eCNNs\uff0c\u4f46\u968f\u7740\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6df1\u5165\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u4e5f\u88ab\u63a2\u7d22\u548c\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u9002\u7528\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>4\uff09GANs\u2014\u751f\u6210\u5bf9\u6297\u7f51\u7edc\uff08Generative Adversarial Networks\uff09<\/h3>\n<p>GANs\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7531Ian Goodfellow\u4e8e2014\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u3002GANs\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5728\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u56fe\u50cf\u751f\u6210\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e86\u663e\u8457\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002GANs\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e24\u4e2a\u76f8\u4e92\u7ade\u4e89\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u6210\u5668\uff08Generator\uff09\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5224\u522b\u5668\uff08Discriminator\uff09\u3002\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6d89\u53ca\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u66ff\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u56fa\u5b9a\u751f\u6210\u5668\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u5224\u522b\u5668\u4ee5\u6700\u5927\u5316\u5176\u533a\u5206\u771f\u5047\u6837\u672c\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u56fa\u5b9a\u5224\u522b\u5668\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u751f\u6210\u5668\u4ee5\u6700\u5927\u5316\u5224\u522b\u5668\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u7387\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u5668\u9010\u6e10\u5b66\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u903c\u771f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u4f2a\u9020\u8005\u201d\uff08\u751f\u6210\u5668\uff09\u8bd5\u56fe\u521b\u9020\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u827a\u672f\u54c1\uff0c\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u9274\u522b\u8005\u201d\uff08\u5224\u522b\u5668\uff09\u8bd5\u56fe\u533a\u5206\u827a\u672f\u54c1\u662f\u771f\u662f\u5047\u7684\u6e38\u620f\u3002\u968f\u7740\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u4f2a\u9020\u8005\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u64c5\u957f\u521b\u9020\u903c\u771f\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u67b6\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" data-action=\"zoom\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/image.woshipm.com\/2024\/03\/26\/1b3c9ae6-eb5a-11ee-918c-00163e0b5ff3.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u8bad\u7ec3\u4ece\u5177\u67094\u00d74\u50cf\u7d20\u7684\u4f4e\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u7684\u751f\u6210\u5668\uff08G\uff09\u548c\u9274\u522b\u5668\uff08D\uff09\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u968f\u7740\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9010\u6e10\u5411G\u548cD\u6dfb\u52a0\u5c42\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u751f\u6210\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u3002GANs\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u751f\u6210\u5668\u548c\u5224\u522b\u5668\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662fGANs\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5377\u79ef\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff08CNNs\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u56fe\u50cf\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\u50cf\u751f\u6210\u3001\u56fe\u50cf\u5230\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u7b49\uff0c\u5377\u79ef\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002CNNs\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5904\u7406\u56fe\u50cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6355\u6349\u5c40\u90e8\u7279\u5f81\u548c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u56fe\u50cf\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u56fe\u50cf\u751f\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8272\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6df1\u5ea6\u5377\u79efGAN\uff08DCGAN\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8457\u540d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528CNNs\u7684GAN\u53d8\u4f53\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u56fe\u50cf\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5168\u8fde\u63a5\u7f51\u7edc\uff08Dense Networks\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684GAN\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u751f\u6210\u5668\u548c\u5224\u522b\u5668\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5168\u8fde\u63a5\u7f51\u7edc\u6216\u5bc6\u96c6\u7f51\u7edc\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u76f8\u5bf9\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6570\u636e\u751f\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5728\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u56fe\u50cf\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\uff0c\u5168\u8fde\u63a5\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5982CNNs\u90a3\u6837\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u6982\u5ff5\u8bc1\u660e\u548c\u521d\u6b65\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u5176\u7528\u6b66\u4e4b\u5730\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5faa\u73af\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff08RNNs\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u6216\u97f3\u4e50\u521b\u4f5c\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff08\u5305\u62ecLSTM\u548cGRU\u7b49\u53d8\u4f53\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u751f\u6210\u5668\u548c\/\u6216\u5224\u522b\u5668\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002RNNs\u64c5\u957f\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u6216\u4efb\u4f55\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6355\u6349\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u548c\u987a\u5e8f\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>Transformer<\/strong>\uff1a\u6700\u8fd1Transformer\u7f51\u7edc\u4e5f\u5f00\u59cb\u88ab\u96c6\u6210\u5230GAN\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u3002Transformer\u67b6\u6784\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\uff08self-attention\uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u6355\u6349\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u957f\u8ddd\u79bb\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u548c\u67d0\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00\u6211\u4eec\u628aGPT\u3001BERT\u3001Diffusion Models\u548cGANs\u7edf\u79f0\u4e3a\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u6216\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u800c\u5c06Transformer\u3001RNNs\u3001CNNs\u5f52\u4e3a\u8bad\u7ec3\u67b6\u6784\u3002\u533a\u522b\u662f\u6a21\u578b\u6216\u6846\u67b6\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u800c\u8bad\u7ec3\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\u53c8\u53ef\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u73af\u8282\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7bc7\u5e45\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u518d\u8ba8\u8bba\u51fa\u73b0\u6bd4\u8f83\u65e9\u7684RNNs\u3001CNNs\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5f53\u524d\u591a\u7528\u9014\u7684\u660e\u661f\u67b6\u6784Transformer\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>5\uff09Transformer\u67b6\u6784<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Transformer\u662f\u6700\u521d\u57282017\u5e74\u7531Vaswani\u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u8bba\u6587\u300aAttention is All You Need\u300b\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u3002\u5b83\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u672c\u6216\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\uff08NLP\uff09\u9886\u57df\u5185\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002Transformer\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u5229\u7528\u201c\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\uff08Self-Attention\uff09\u201d\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4f7f\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u8003\u8651\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" data-action=\"zoom\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/image.woshipm.com\/2024\/03\/26\/2e0573a0-eb5a-11ee-be21-00163e0b5ff3.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u548c\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u6784\u6210\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7f16\u7801\u5668\uff08Encoder\uff09\uff1a<\/strong>\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7531\u591a\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5c42\u5806\u53e0\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u5934\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5b50\u5c42\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u524d\u9988\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u5b50\u5c42\u3002\u5728\u8bba\u6587\u4e2dTransformer\u75311\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u5c42\u548c6\u4e2a\u7f16\u7801\u5c42\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u5c42\u6570\u53ef\u81ea\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u89e3\u7801\u5668\uff08Decoder\uff09\uff1a<\/strong>\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u4e5f\u7531\u591a\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5c42\u5806\u53e0\u800c\u6210,\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u5934\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5b50\u5c42\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f16\u7801\u5668-\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5b50\u5c42\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u524d\u9988\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u5b50\u5c42\u3002\u5728\u8bba\u6587\u4e2dTransformer\u75311\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u5c42\u30016\u4e2a\u89e3\u7801\u5c42\u548c1\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u5c42\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u5c42\u6570\u53ef\u81ea\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u6839\u636e\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u5148\u524d\u751f\u6210\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u76ee\u6807\u5e8f\u5217\u6765\u9010\u6b65\u751f\u6210\u76ee\u6807\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u5141\u8bb8\u6a21\u578b\u5173\u6ce8\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u800c\u7f16\u7801\u5668-\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u5141\u8bb8\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5bf9\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u83b7\u53d6\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 Transformer \u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u548c\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u5c42\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u6b8b\u5dee\u8fde\u63a5\uff08Residual Connection\uff09\u548c\u5c42\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\uff08Layer Normalization\uff09\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7f13\u89e3\u6df1\u5c42\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u7684\u68af\u5ea6\u6d88\u5931\u548c\u68af\u5ea6\u7206\u70b8\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u6536\u655b\u3002\u6b8b\u5dee\u8fde\u63a5\u5141\u8bb8\u68af\u5ea6\u66f4\u76f4\u63a5\u5730\u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5c42\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7a33\u5b9a\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u68af\u5ea6\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Transformer\u4f5c\u4e3a\u901a\u7528\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u5177\u8c61\u5316\u548c\u5173\u7cfb\u590d\u6742\u7684\u81ea\u53d8\u91cf\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c06\u81ea\u53d8\u91cf\u6cdb\u5316\u4e3a\uff1a\u952e\u5411\u91cf\uff08Key\uff09\u3001\u503c\u5411\u91cf\uff08Value\uff09\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf\uff08Query\uff09\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u6cdb\u5316\u53ef\u6781\u5927\u589e\u52a0\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u901a\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u4e14\u907f\u514d\u8fc7\u5ea6\u62df\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u952e\u5411\u91cf\uff08Key\uff09\uff1a<\/strong>\u952e\u5411\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5e2e\u52a9\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf\u627e\u5230\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5728\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u952e\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u952e\u5411\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u70b9\u79ef\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u7ecf\u8fc7softmax\u51fd\u6570\u5904\u7406\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6743\u91cd\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5206\u5e03\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u5404\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u503c\u5411\u91cf\uff08Value\uff09\uff1a<\/strong>\u503c\u5411\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5728\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u503c\u5411\u91cf\u6839\u636e\u7531\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf\u548c\u952e\u5411\u91cf\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u5206\u5e03\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u6743\u6c42\u548c\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5c42\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf\uff08Query\uff09\uff1a<\/strong>\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5bf9\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u6216\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u5728\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u4e2d\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0e\u952e\u5411\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u6a21\u578b\u5e94\u8be5\u5173\u6ce8\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u54ea\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728Transformer\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\u9a71\u52a8\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u673a\u5236\u662f\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\uff08Self-Attention Mechanism\uff09\uff0c\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u5141\u8bb8\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u548c\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u6743\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5177\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bcd\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u8bcd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6027\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u52a0\u6743\u6c42\u548c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f97\u5230\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u4f7f\u5f97\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u5173\u6ce8\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u50cfRNN\u4e00\u6837\u9010\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u3002\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u5e2e\u52a9Transformer\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e76\u884c\u5411\u91cf\u8fd0\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5145\u5206\u53d1\u6325GPU\u7684\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u6216\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u9ad8\u8bad\u7ec3\u6548\u7387\u548c\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff08LLM\uff09\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u589e\u5f3a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u80fd\u529b\uff0cTransformer\u5c06\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u5934\uff0c\u5373\uff1a\u591a\u5934\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\uff08Multi-Head Attention\uff09\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5934\u5b66\u4e60\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8868\u793a\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u5934\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u62fc\u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u7ebf\u6027\u53d8\u6362\u8fdb\u884c\u6295\u5f71\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u8868\u793a\u3002\u591a\u5934\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u7531\u4e8e\u540c\u65f6\u8003\u8651\u6587\u5b57\u5e8f\u5217\u4e0d\u540c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5bf9Transformer\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8bef\u89e3\u662f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67d0\u5546\u4e1a\u5927\u4f6c\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff1a\u201cTransformer\u6a21\u62df\u4e86\u4eba\u8111\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u201d\u3002<\/strong>Transformer\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4e00\u79cd\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u6216\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0cTransformer\u662f\u5229\u7528\u524d\u9988\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff08Feedforward Neural Networks\uff09\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5411\u91cf\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u548c\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u524d\u9988\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8be5\u7f51\u7edc\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u524d\u9988\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5bf9\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u8868\u793a\u8fdb\u884c\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u53d8\u6362\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u5f80\u5f80\u90fd\u662f\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u5bf9Transformer\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u67b6\u6784\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u6574\u548c\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u4e00\u6210\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>6) MoE\u2014\u6df7\u5408\u4e13\u5bb6\u6a21\u578b\uff08Mixture-of-Experts\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>MoE\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u91c7\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u6700\u65e9\u7531Jacobs \u7b49\u4eba\u57281991\u5e74\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u300aAdaptive Mixtures of Local Experts\u300b\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u3002\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u5c40\u90e8\u4e13\u5bb6\u6a21\u578b\u7ec4\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e13\u5bb6\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u5206\u914d\u6743\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728MoE\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e13\u5bb6\u6a21\u578b\u90fd\u88ab\u8bad\u7ec3\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u95e8\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\u5219\u662f\u7528\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u5728\u7ed9\u5b9a\u8f93\u5165\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u54ea\u4e2a\u4e13\u5bb6\u6a21\u578b\u5e94\u8be5\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ed9\u51fa\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002MoE\u51fa\u73b0\u65f6\u95f4\u8f83\u65e9\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u7b97\u6cd5\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u8bad\u7ec3\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u964d\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u800c\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0eTransformer\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5176\u67b6\u6784\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528GPU\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5c06\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u4ece\u7b97\u6cd5\u7ed3\u6784\u5c42\u9762\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230GPU\u96c6\u7fa4\u5c42\u9762\u4ece\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002\u800c\u9a6c\u65af\u514b\u521a\u521a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684Grok-1\u5c31\u662f\u91c7\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u67b6\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" data-action=\"zoom\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/image.woshipm.com\/2024\/03\/26\/445f8244-eb5a-11ee-be21-00163e0b5ff3.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Mixture-of-Experts\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u4e13\u5bb6\u6a21\u578b\uff08Expert Models\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e13\u5bb6\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5b50\u95ee\u9898\u6216\u8005\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u4e0b\u8868\u73b0\u826f\u597d\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e13\u5bb6\u6a21\u578b\u90fd\u63a5\u6536\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8f93\u51fa\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u95e8\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\uff08Gating Network\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u95e8\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\u7528\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u5206\u914d\u6743\u91cd\u7ed9\u5404\u4e2a\u4e13\u5bb6\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u95e8\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e13\u5bb6\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u6216\u8005\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6743\u91cd\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u901a\u8fc7softmax\u51fd\u6570\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u5f97\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u603b\u548c\u4e3a1\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6df7\u5408\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08Mixture Operation\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e13\u5bb6\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0e\u95e8\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u76f8\u4e58\u5e76\u76f8\u52a0\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e13\u5bb6\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u90fd\u88ab\u4e58\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u76f8\u52a0\uff0c\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8bad\u7ec3\u7b56\u7565<\/strong>\uff1aMoE\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e13\u5bb6\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u95e8\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u4ee5\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u4e0a\u7684\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u95e8\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u76ee\u6807\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6700\u5927\u5316\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u5316\u7b56\u7565\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Mixture-of-Experts\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u4e13\u5bb6\u6a21\u578b\u7ec4\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u901a\u8fc7\u95e8\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u5206\u914d\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u9002\u5e94\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u65f6\u53d6\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>7\uff09RLHF\u2014\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\uff08Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>RLHF\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e3a\u907f\u514d\u6700\u7ec8\u8bad\u7ec3\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdd\u80cc\u4eba\u7c7b\u9053\u5fb7\u4f26\u7406\u3001\u6c11\u4fd7\u4e60\u60ef\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u5728\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u6700\u540e\u9636\u6bb5\u7ed3\u5408\u6765\u81ea\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u548c\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\uff08RL\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u6307\u5bfc\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u51b3\u7b56\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7279\u522b\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u96be\u4ee5\u4e3a\u673a\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u660e\u786e\u3001\u6570\u5b66\u5316\u7684\u5956\u52b1\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u6267\u884c\u590d\u6742\u6216\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e13\u4e1a\u5316\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2aAI\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u4e92\u52a8\uff0c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6700\u5927\u5316\u5176\u6240\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u7d2f\u79ef\u5956\u52b1\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5956\u52b1\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u9884\u5148\u5b9a\u4e49\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff08\u7279\u522b\u662f\u751f\u6210\u5f0f\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff09\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u5f15\u5bfc\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u5956\u52b1\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" data-action=\"zoom\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/image.woshipm.com\/2024\/03\/26\/5550471e-eb5a-11ee-918c-00163e0b5ff3.png\" 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 id=\"toc-2\" 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 id=\"toc-3\" class=\"jltoc--item\">\u4e09\u3001\u6211\u4eec\u79bbAGI\u8fd8\u6709\u591a\u8fdc?<\/h2>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u6fc0\u53d1\u4e86\u65e0\u6570\u5b66\u8005\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u3001\u672a\u6765\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7684\u60f3\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u968f\u7740\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21AI\u6280\u672f\u7684\u98de\u8dc3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bdd\u9898\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u70b9\u71c3\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u516c\u4f17\u7684\u70ed\u70c8\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u9886\u57df\u5185\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff08\u5982\u56fe\u50cf\u8bc6\u522b\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7b49\uff09\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u663e\u8457\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u5e7f\u6cdb\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u80fd\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u8fbe\u5230\u6216\u8d85\u8d8a\u4eba\u7c7b\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u7cfb\u7edf\u2014\u2014\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9065\u8fdc\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>1. AGI\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<p>\u8bc4\u4ef7AGI\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u91cf\u5316\u6307\u6807\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u89d2\u5ea6\u6355\u6349\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u77e5\u8bc6\u6d4b\u9a8c\uff08\u5982\u667a\u5546\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u5b66\u672f\u8003\u8bd5\u7b49\uff09\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30\u77e5\u8bc6\u6c34\u5e73\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u7406\u80fd\u529b\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4e13\u4e1a\u6280\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff08\u5982\u7f16\u7a0b\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u533b\u5b66\uff09\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30AGI\u5728\u4e13\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\u5185\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u80fd\u529b\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u590d\u6742\u6e38\u620f\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff08\u5982\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u3001\u56f4\u68cb\u3001\u661f\u9645\u4e89\u9738\u7b49\uff09\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30\u7b56\u7565\u5236\u5b9a\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u9002\u5e94\u6027\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u865a\u62df\u4eff\u771f\u73af\u5883\uff08\u5982OpenAI\u7684Gym\u3001DeepMind\u7684Lab\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6a21\u62df\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u590d\u6742\u73af\u5883\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5AGI\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u827a\u672f\u521b\u4f5c\u8bc4\u4f30AI\u751f\u6210\u827a\u672f\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u539f\u521b\u6027\u548c\u5ba1\u7f8e\u4ef7\u503c\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u521b\u65b0\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff08\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u5de5\u7a0b\u6216\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\uff09\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30AGI\u63d0\u51fa\u65b0\u9896\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u56fe\u7075\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5224\u65ad\u673a\u5668\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u5728\u6587\u672c\u4ea4\u6d41\u4e2d\u8ba9\u4eba\u7c7b\u8bef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u662f\u4e0e\u53e6\u4e00\u4eba\u7c7b\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30\u5176\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u548c\u751f\u6210\u80fd\u529b\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u60c5\u611f\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30AGI\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u751f\u6210\u60c5\u611f\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u793e\u4ea4\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\u73b0\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30AGI\u5728\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u6216\u5feb\u901f\u5207\u6362\u4e0d\u540c\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\u7684\u8868\u73b0\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc1\u79fb\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30AGI\u5c06\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u5b66\u5230\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u65b0\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u89e3\u51b3\u9700\u8981\u5e7f\u6cdb\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u521b\u9020\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u5f0f\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30AGI\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5b9e\u65f6\u51b3\u7b56\u5236\u5b9a\uff0c\u5728\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30AGI\u8fdb\u884c\u51b3\u7b56\u548c\u9002\u5e94\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u9053\u5fb7\u56f0\u5883\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6a21\u62df\u6d89\u53ca\u4f26\u7406\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u6289\u62e9\u7684\u60c5\u5883\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30AGI\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u548c\u51b3\u7b56\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u793e\u4f1a\u89c4\u8303\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30AGI\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u9075\u5faa\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u7efc\u5408\u611f\u77e5\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30AGI\u6574\u5408\u89c6\u89c9\u3001\u542c\u89c9\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u611f\u77e5\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5728\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u6a21\u6001\u8f93\u5165\uff08\u5982\u56fe\u50cf\u548c\u6587\u672c\uff09\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u8bc4\u4f30AGI\u7684\u5904\u7406\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bc4\u4ef7\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u5168\u9762\u5730\u8861\u91cfAGI\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u53cd\u6620AGI\u5728\u6a21\u4eff\u4eba\u7c7b\u667a\u80fd\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2. \u6280\u672f\u6311\u6218<\/h3>\n<p>\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u5927\u578b\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u591a\u6a21\u6001AI\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u8fbe\u5230AGI\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u6709\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cChatGPT\u3001Claude\u3001Gemini\u7b49\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5176\u5177\u5907\u5728\u591a\u6a21\u6001\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u751f\u6210\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6a21\u62df\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u80fd\u529b\u4e0a\u8fc8\u51fa\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u9886\u57df\u5185\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8272\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4f9d\u7136\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4eba\u7c7b\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u901a\u7528\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u867d\u7136\u4ee4\u4eba\u5370\u8c61\u6df1\u523b\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u672a\u66fe\u8bad\u7ec3\u6216\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u6027\u80fd\u4f1a\u5927\u5e45\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3. \u7406\u8bba\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u4e0a\u7684\u6311\u6218<\/h3>\n<p>\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c1a\u672a\u5b8c\u5168\u7406\u89e3\u4eba\u7c7b\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u5b66\u4e60\u65b0\u6280\u80fd\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u62bd\u8c61\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5982\u6b64\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u7684\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u96be\u8bbe\u8ba1\u51fa\u80fd\u6a21\u62df\u8fd9\u4e9b\u80fd\u529b\u7684AI\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u7684AI\u7cfb\u7edf\u5927\u591a\u4f9d\u8d56\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u8fbe\u5230\u771f\u6b63\u7684AGI\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u518d\u9002\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Yann LeCun\uff08\u6768\u7acb\u6606\uff09\u8ba4\u4e3a\u667a\u80fd\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u5f81\u5305\u62ec\u7406\u89e3\u7269\u7406\u4e16\u754c\u3001\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4e0e\u68c0\u7d22\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u6301\u4e45\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3001\u63a8\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u89c4\u5212\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u81ea\u56de\u5f52\u5f0f\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u8fd9\u4e94\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u5747\u8868\u73b0\u4e0d\u8db3\u6216\u4ec5\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u521d\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u771f\u6b63\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u6a21\u62df\u7269\u7406\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u548c\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u89c4\u5212\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>4. \u4f26\u7406\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6311\u6218<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u5907\u5e7f\u6cdb\u667a\u80fd\u548c\u81ea\u4e3b\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u65e0\u6cd5\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u786e\u4fdd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u7b26\u5408\u4eba\u7c7b\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u884c\u52a8\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u4fdd\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u6216\u73af\u5883\u9020\u6210\u4e0d\u5229\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8fc8\u5411AGI\u7684\u9053\u8def\u4e0a\u5fc5\u987b\u9762\u5bf9\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Geoffrey Hinton\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u667a\u80fd\u7ec8\u5c06\u53d6\u4ee3\u751f\u7269\u667a\u80fd\u3002\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u6d77\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\u4fe1\u606f\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684AI\u4f1a\u6bd4\u4eba\u7c7b\u66f4\u806a\u660e\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u80fd\u591f\u8f7b\u6613\u64cd\u7eb5\u4eba\u7c7b\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u662f\u8d85\u7ea7\u667a\u80fd\u63a5\u7ba1\u4eba\u7c7b\u63a7\u5236\u6743\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>5. 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Altman\u5c31\u516c\u5f00\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u884c\u4e1a\u6b63\u5728\u8d70\u5411\u80fd\u6e90\u5371\u673a\u3002\u7279\u65af\u62c9CEO\u9a6c\u65af\u514b\u6b64\u524d\u9884\u8ba1\uff0cAI\u4e0b\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u5c06\u4f1a\u662f\u201c\u7f3a\u7535\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7231\u5c14\u5170\uff0c\u4ec570\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5c31\u6d88\u8017\u4e86\u5168\u56fd14%\u7684\u80fd\u6e90\u3002\u52302030\u5e74\uff0c\u9884\u8ba1\u5168\u740330-50%\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u7535\u529b\u5c06\u7528\u4e8eAI\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u51b7\u5374\u3002<\/p>\n<h2  id=\"toc-4\" class=\"jltoc--item\">\u56db\u3001\u6700\u540e<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff08AGI\uff09\u3001\u5927\u578b\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff08LLM\uff09\u3001Transformers\u3001\u6269\u6563\u6a21\u578b\uff08Diffusion 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Bert: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding[J]. arXiv preprint arXiv:1810.04805, 2018.<\/li>\n<li>Ho J, Jain A, Abbeel P. Denoising diffusion probabilistic models[J]. Advances in neural information processing systems, 2020, 33: 6840-6851.<\/li>\n<li>Goodfellow I, Pouget-Abadie J, Mirza M, et al. Generative adversarial nets[J]. Advances in neural information processing systems, 2014, 27.<\/li>\n<li>Karras T, Aila T, Laine S, et al. Progressive growing of gans for improved quality, stability, and variation[J]. arXiv preprint arXiv:1710.10196, 2017.<\/li>\n<li>Radford A, Narasimhan K, Salimans T, et al. Improving language understanding by generative pre-training[J]. 2018.<\/li>\n<li>Vaswani A, Shazeer N, Parmar N, et al. Attention is all you need[J]. Advances in neural information processing systems, 2017, 30.<\/li>\n<li>Shazeer N, Mirhoseini A, Maziarz K, et al. Outrageously large neural networks: The sparsely-gated mixture-of-experts layer[J]. arXiv preprint arXiv:1701.06538, 2017.<\/li>\n<li>Christiano P F, Leike J, Brown T, et al. Deep reinforcement learning from human preferences[J]. Advances in neural information processing systems, 2017, 30.<\/li>\n<li>Ziegler D M, Stiennon N, Wu J, et al. Fine-tuning language models from human preferences[J]. arXiv preprint arXiv:1909.08593, 2019.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u9886\u57df\u6b63\u5728\u5982\u706b\u5982\u837c\u5730\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u8bf8\u5982ChatGPT\u3001Claude\u3001Gemini\u3001Sora\u548cGrok\u7b49\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0cAI\u6280\u672f\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u6301\u7eed\u6f14\u8fdb\uff0c\u5f15\u53d1\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u901a\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff08AGI\uff09\u7684\u6d53\u539a\u5174\u8da3\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10019944","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aigc"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10019944","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10019944"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10019944\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10019944"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10019944"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10019944"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}