{"id":10008405,"date":"2024-02-26T23:53:33","date_gmt":"2024-02-26T15:53:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.itmax.cn\/?p=10008405"},"modified":"2024-02-26T23:53:33","modified_gmt":"2024-02-26T15:53:33","slug":"%e9%9d%a2%e8%af%95%e5%ae%98%ef%bc%9a%e9%99%90%e6%b5%81%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e6%96%b9%e5%bc%8f%e6%9c%89%e5%93%aa%e4%ba%9b%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/?p=10008405","title":{"rendered":"\u9762\u8bd5\u5b98\uff1a\u9650\u6d41\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u9650\u6d41\u662f\u6307\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6280\u672f\u548c\u7b56\u7565\u624b\u6bb5\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u91cf\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u9891\u7387\u6216\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d\u8fc7\u9ad8\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\u751a\u81f3\u5d29\u6e83\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u9650\u6d41\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5728\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u9650\u6d41\u7684\u597d\u5904\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u4fdd\u62a4\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5185\u5b58\u8017\u5c3d\u3001CPU \u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u9971\u548c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f15\u53d1\u7cfb\u7edf\u54cd\u5e94\u6162\u3001\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. \u9632\u6b62\u8d44\u6e90\u6ee5\u7528<\/strong>\uff1a\u786e\u4fdd\u6709\u9650\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u8d44\u6e90\u88ab\u5408\u7406\u516c\u5e73\u5730\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u4e2a\u522b\u7528\u6237\u6216\u6076\u610f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fc7\u5ea6\u6d88\u8017\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/li>\n
  3. \u4f18\u5316\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c<\/strong>\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7f51\u7ad9\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4efb\u7531\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u5bfc\u81f4\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u53d8\u6162\uff0c\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/li>\n
  4. \u4fdd\u969c\u5b89\u5168<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u9650\u6d41\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u9632\u8303 DoS\/DDoS \u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u906d\u53d7\u6076\u610f\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/li>\n
  5. \u8fd0\u7ef4\u6210\u672c\u63a7\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u5408\u7406\u7684\u9650\u6d41\u63aa\u65bd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f01\u4e1a\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u6295\u5165\uff0c\u8282\u7701\u8fd0\u8425\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u5728 Java \u4e2d\uff0c\u9650\u6d41\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e9b\uff1a<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u5355\u673a\u9650\u6d41<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 JUC \u4e0b\u7684 Semaphore \u9650\u6d41\uff0c\u6216\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 Google \u7684 Guava \u6846\u67b6\u8fdb\u884c\u9650\u6d41\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u9650\u6d41\u65b9\u5f0f\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e JVM \u5c42\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u5355\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u9650\u6d41\u3002<\/li>\n
    2. \u7f51\u5173\u5c42\u9650\u6d41<\/strong>\uff1a\u5355\u673a\u9650\u6d41\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7f51\u5173\u5c42\u9650\u6d41\uff0c\u5982 Spring Cloud Gateway \u901a\u8fc7 Sentinel\u3001Hystrix \u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u96c6\u7fa4\u8fdb\u884c\u9650\u6d41\u3002<\/li>\n
    3. Nginx \u9650\u6d41<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u7f51\u5173\u5c42\u7684\u4e0a\u6e38\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528 Nginx \u4e00\u8d77\u6765\u914d\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f1a\u5148\u5230 Nginx\uff08\u6216 Nginx \u96c6\u7fa4\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u7f51\u5173\u518d\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6574\u4e2a\u6d41\u7a0b\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 Nginx \u9650\u6d41\u4e5f\u662f\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u9650\u6d41\u624b\u6bb5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u5b83\u4eec\u9650\u6d41\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n

      1.\u5355\u673a\u9650\u6d41<\/h3>\n

      JVM \u5c42\u9762\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u9650\u6d41\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 JUC \u4e0b\u7684 Semaphore\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

      import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;\nimport java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;\n\npublic class SemaphoreExample {\n\n    private final Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(5); \/\/ \u53ea\u5141\u8bb85\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\n\n    public void accessResource() {\n        try {\n            semaphore.acquire(); \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u8bb8\u53ef\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u524d\u8bb8\u53ef\u6570\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u963b\u585e\n            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u8bb8\u53ef\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u8d44\u6e90...");\n            \/\/ \u6a21\u62df\u8bbf\u95ee\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6d88\u8017\n            Thread.sleep(2000);\n            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\u8bbf\u95ee\u8d44\u6e90\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u8bb8\u53ef...");\n        } catch (InterruptedException e) {\n            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();\n            e.printStackTrace();\n        } finally {\n            semaphore.release(); \/\/ \u8bbf\u95ee\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u91ca\u653e\u8bb8\u53ef\n        }\n    }\n\n    public static void main(String[] args) {\n        SemaphoreExample example = new SemaphoreExample();\n\n        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {\n            new Thread(() -> example.accessResource()).start();\n        }\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u60f3\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u5e73\u6ed1\u7684\u5355\u673a\u9650\u6d41\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651 Google \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684 Guava \u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u9996\u5148\u5728 pom.xml \u6dfb\u52a0 guava \u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
      <!-- https:\/\/mvnrepository.com\/artifact\/com.google.guava\/guava -->\n<dependency>\n  <groupId>com.google.guava<\/groupId>\n  <artifactId>guava<\/artifactId>\n  <version>28.2-jre<\/version>\n<\/dependency><\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
      import com.google.common.util.concurrent.RateLimiter;\nimport java.time.Instant;\n\n\/**\n * Guava \u5b9e\u73b0\u9650\u6d41\n *\/\npublic class RateLimiterExample {\n    public static void main(String[] args) {\n        \/\/ \u6bcf\u79d2\u4ea7\u751f 10 \u4e2a\u4ee4\u724c\uff08\u6bcf 100 ms \u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\uff09\n        RateLimiter rt = RateLimiter.create(10);\n        for (int i = 0; i < 11; i++) {\n            new Thread(() -> {\n                \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6 1 \u4e2a\u4ee4\u724c\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u4ee4\u724c\u5c31\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5c31\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\n                rt.acquire();\n                System.out.println("\u6b63\u5e38\u6267\u884c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0cts:" + Instant.now());\n            }).start();\n        }\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
      2.\u7f51\u5173\u5c42\u9650\u6d41<\/h3>\n
      \u5728 Spring Cloud Gateway \u7f51\u5173\u5c42\u9650\u6d41\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u52a9 Sentinel \u7b49\u9650\u6d41\u6846\u67b6\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5728 pom.xml \u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0 Gateway \u548c Sentinel \u76f8\u5173\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n
      <dependency>\n  <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud<\/groupId>\n  <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel<\/artifactId>\n<\/dependency>\n<dependency>\n  <groupId>org.springframework.cloud<\/groupId>\n  <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway<\/artifactId>\n<\/dependency>\n<dependency>\n  <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud<\/groupId>\n  <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-sentinel-gateway<\/artifactId>\n<\/dependency><\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u914d\u7f6e\u9650\u6d41\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n
      spring:\n  application:\n    name: gate-way-blog\n  cloud:\n    sentinel:\n      transport:\n        dashboard: localhost:18080\n      scg: # \u914d\u7f6e\u9650\u6d41\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9\n        fallback:\n          # \u4e24\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u662f response \u8fd4\u56de\u6587\u5b57\u63d0\u793a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\n          # \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u662f redirect \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u8df3\u8f6c\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e redirect \u4e5f\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8df3\u8f6c\u7684 uri\n          mode: response\n          # \u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u72b6\u6001\n          response-status: 200\n          # \u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\n          response-body: '{"code": -10,"message": "\u88ab\u7194\u65ad\u6216\u9650\u6d41\uff01"}'<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u6700\u540e\u5728 Sentinel \u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u914d\u7f6e\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u9650\u6d41\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Nacos \u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u6e90\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u9009\u62e9\u914d\u7f6e\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n
      3.Nginx \u9650\u6d41<\/h3>\n
      Nginx \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u9650\u6d41\u624b\u6bb5\uff1a<\/p>\n