{"id":10008234,"date":"2023-09-06T16:43:04","date_gmt":"2023-09-06T08:43:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.itmax.cn\/?p=10008234"},"modified":"2023-09-06T16:43:04","modified_gmt":"2023-09-06T08:43:04","slug":"%e6%8a%80%e6%9c%af%e5%90%8c%e5%ad%a6%e5%bf%85%e4%bc%9a%e7%9a%84-mysql-%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1%e8%a7%84%e7%ba%a6%ef%bc%8c%e9%83%bd%e6%98%af%e6%83%a8%e7%97%9b%e7%9a%84%e6%95%99%e8%ae%ad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/?p=10008234","title":{"rendered":"\u6280\u672f\u540c\u5b66\u5fc5\u4f1a\u7684 MySQL \u8bbe\u8ba1\u89c4\u7ea6\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u60e8\u75db\u7684\u6559\u8bad"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6280\u672f\u65b9\u6848\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7406\u5ff5\u6216\u8005\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4f9d\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u76f4\u89c9\u53bb\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u66fe\u7ecf\u61ca\u6094\u7ebf\u4e0a\u53d1\u751f\u8fc7\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u4f4e\u7ea7\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u7a0d\u5fae\u6ce8\u610f\u70b9\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u60f3\u8fc7\u600e\u4e48\u624d\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u907f\u514d\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u6b63\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u6e05\u5355\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u65ad\u4ece\u9519\u8bef\u4e2d\u79ef\u7d2f\u6709\u6548\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6765\u6307\u5bfc\u672a\u6765\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u89c4\u8303\u5728\u5927\u578b\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u516c\u53f8\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e86\u5145\u5206\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5e76\u53d1\u91cf\u5927\u3001\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5927\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u573a\u666f\u3002\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b89\u5168\u65e0\u5c0f\u4e8b\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u516c\u53f8\u90fd\u66fe\u7ecf\u56e0\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6cc4\u9732\u5bfc\u81f4\u7528\u6237\u7684\u60e8\u75db\u635f\u5931\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b89\u5168\u89c4\u8303\u653e\u5230\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u89c4\u8303<\/h2>\n

1.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u660e\u6587\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u9700\u628a\u5bc6\u7801\u52a0\u5bc6\u540e\u5b58\u50a8\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u52a0\u5bc6\u64cd\u4f5c\u5efa\u8bae\u7531\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u56e2\u961f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5982mybatis\u7684\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ca\u5bc6\u94a5\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e1a\u52a1\u7ebf\u5355\u72ec\u5f00\u53d1\u4e00\u5957\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4e0e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u89e3\u8026<\/p>\n

2.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u660e\u6587\u5b58\u50a8\u7528\u6237\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u624b\u673a\u53f7\u7b49\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u624b\u673a\u53f7\u5efa\u8bae\u516c\u53f8\u642d\u5efa\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u624b\u673a\u53f7\u67e5\u8be2\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e1a\u52a1\u7ebf\u5355\u72ec\u5b58\u50a8<\/p>\n

3.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u5f00\u53d1\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed9\u4e1a\u52a1\u540c\u5b66\u5bfc\u51fa\u6216\u8005\u67e5\u8be2\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u7528\u6237\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5982\u9700\u8981\u9700\u4e0a\u7ea7\u9886\u5bfc\u5ba1\u6279<\/p>\n

4.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u5bfc\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u5305\u542b\u654f\u611f\u5b57\u6bb5\u90fd\u9700\u52a0\u5bc6\u6216\u8131\u654f<\/p>\n

5.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u8ddf\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4ea4\u4e92\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u654f\u611f\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u9700\u6709\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u8981\u505a\u544a\u8b66<\/p>\n

6.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u5bf9\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684IP\u9700\u8bbe\u7f6e\u767d\u540d\u5355\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u675c\u7edd\u975e\u6cd5IP\u63a5\u5165<\/p>\n

7.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u5bf9\u91cd\u8981sql\uff08\u5982\u8ba2\u5355\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\uff09\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u9891\u7387\u6216\u6b21\u6570\u8981\u505a\u5386\u53f2\u8d8b\u52bf\u76d1\u63a7\uff0c\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u884c\u4e3a<\/p>\n

8.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u7ebf\u4e0a\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u3001\u5bc6\u7801\u5efa\u8bae\u5b9a\u671f\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u6362<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u57fa\u7840\u89c4\u8303<\/h2>\n

1.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u5c3d\u91cf\u4e0d\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u505a\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u8fd0\u7b97\u9700\u79fb\u5230\u4e1a\u52a1\u5e94\u7528\u91cc\u5b8c\u6210<\/p>\n

2.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u62d2\u7edd\u5927sql\u8bed\u53e5\u3001\u62d2\u7edd\u5927\u4e8b\u52a1\u3001\u62d2\u7edd\u5927\u6279\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u8f6c\u5316\u5230\u4e1a\u52a1\u7aef\u5b8c\u6210<\/p>\n

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3.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3001\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u7b49\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u9020\u6210\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u4e0eDB\u8026\u5408<\/p>\n

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5.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u4e0d\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u56fe\u7247\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u5927\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n

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6.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8d26\u53f7\uff0c\u9075\u5faa\u6743\u9650\u6700\u5c0f\u539f\u5219<\/p>\n

7.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u95ee\u4e0b\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u5426\u5bf9\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8003\u8651<\/p>\n

8.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u5229\u7528 pt-query-digest \u5b9a\u671f\u5206\u6790slow query log\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u5316<\/p>\n

9.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f51\u57df\u540d\u800c\u4e0d\u662fip\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/p>\n

10.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u6216\u6570\u636e\u589e\u957f\u5728\u524d\u671f\u89c4\u5212\u65f6\u5c31\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8bc4\u5ba1\u65f6\u5c31\u5e94\u52a0\u5165\u5206\u8868\u7b56\u7565<\/p>\n

11.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u8981\u6c42\u6240\u6709\u7814\u53d1SQL\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5168\u90e8\u662f\u5c0f\u5199\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bcd\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u8303<\/h2>\n

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2.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u666e\u901a\u7d22\u5f15\u547d\u540d\u683c\u5f0f\uff1aidx_\u8868\u540d_\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\uff08\u5982\u679c\u4ee5\u9996\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\uff0c\u592a\u957f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u7f29\u5199\uff09\uff0c\u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15\u547d\u540d\u683c\u5f0f\uff1auk_\u8868\u540d_\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\uff08\u7d22\u5f15\u540d\u5fc5\u987b\u5168\u90e8\u5c0f\u5199\uff0c\u957f\u5ea6\u592a\u957f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u7f29\u5199\uff09\uff0c\u4e3b\u952e\u7d22\u5f15\u547d\u540d\uff1apk_ \u5b57\u6bb5\u540d<\/p>\n

3.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u5e93\u540d\u3001\u8868\u540d\u3001\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u7981\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528MySQL\u4fdd\u7559\u5b57<\/p>\n

4.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u4e34\u65f6\u5e93\u8868\u540d\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5tmp\u4e3a\u524d\u7f00\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u65e5\u671f\u4e3a\u540e\u7f00<\/p>\n

5.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u5907\u4efd\u5e93\u8868\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5bak\u4e3a\u524d\u7f00\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u65e5\u671f\u4e3a\u540e\u7f00<\/p>\n

6.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u7528HASH\u8fdb\u884c\u6563\u8868\uff0c\u8868\u540d\u540e\u7f00\u4f7f\u752816\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\uff0c\u4e0b\u6807\u4ece0\u5f00\u59cb<\/p>\n

7.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u6309\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u5206\u8868\u9700\u7b26\u5408YYYYMM[HH]\u683c\u5f0f<\/p>\n

8.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u6563\u8868\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528md5\uff08\u6216\u8005\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684hash\u7b97\u6cd5\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u6563\u8868\uff0c\u8868\u540d\u540e\u7f00\u4f7f\u752816\u8fdb\u5236\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982user_ff<\/p>\n

9.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u4f7f\u7528CRC32\u6c42\u4f59\uff08\u6216\u8005\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u7b97\u672f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u6563\u8868\uff0c\u8868\u540d\u540e\u7f00\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u5fc5\u987b\u4ece0\u5f00\u59cb\u5e76\u7b49\u5bbd\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6563100\u5f20\u8868\uff0c\u540e\u7f00\u4ece00-99<\/p>\n

10.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u6563\u8868\uff0c\u8868\u540d\u540e\u7f00\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6309\u65e5\u6563\u8868user_20110209\u3001\u6309\u6708\u6563\u8868user_201102<\/p>\n

11.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u8868\u8fbe\u662f\u4e0e\u5426\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 is _ xxx \u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u547d\u540d<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u89c4\u8303<\/h2>\n

1.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4f7f\u7528InnoDB\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce<\/p>\n

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2.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u8868\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u7edf\u4e00\u4f7f\u7528UTF8<\/p>\n

\u8bf4\u660e\uff1autf8\u53f7\u79f0\u4e07\u56fd\u7801\uff0c\u5176\u65e0\u9700\u8f6c\u7801\u3001\u65e0\u4e71\u7801\u98ce\u9669\u4e14\u8282\u7701\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u82e5\u662f\u6709\u5b57\u6bb5\u9700\u8981\u5b58\u50a8emoji\u8868\u60c5\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u8868\u6216\u5b57\u6bb5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6210utf8mb4\uff0cutf8mb4\u5411\u4e0b\u517c\u5bb9utf8\u3002<\/p>\n

3.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u4e0d\u540c\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e92\u76f8\u5f71\u54cd<\/p>\n

4.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u4e0a\u4e1a\u52a1\u5e93\u5747\u5fc5\u987b\u642d\u5efaMHA\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5355\u70b9\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3001\u8868\u8bbe\u8ba1\u89c4\u8303<\/h2>\n

1.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u5efa\u8868\u89c4\u8303\u793a\u4f8b<\/p>\n

CREATE TABLE `student_info` (    \n`id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '\u4e3b\u952e',    \n`stu_name` varchar(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '\u59d3\u540d',    \n`stu_score` smallint(5) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '\u603b\u5206',    \n`stu_num` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '\u5b66\u53f7',    \n`gmt_create` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4',    \n`gmt_modified` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '\u66f4\u65b0\u65f6\u95f4',    \n`status` tinyint(4) DEFAULT '1' COMMENT '1\u4ee3\u8868\u8bb0\u5f55\u6709\u6548\uff0c0\u4ee3\u8868\u8bb0\u5f55\u65e0\u6548',      \nPRIMARY KEY (`id`),      \nUNIQUE KEY `uk_student_info_stu_num` (`stu_num`) USING BTREE,    \nKEY `idx_student_info_stu_name` (`stu_name`) USING BTREE\n) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='\u5b66\u751f\u4fe1\u606f\u8868';<\/code><\/pre>\n
2.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528\u5916\u952e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5916\u952e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63a7\u5236<\/p>\n
3.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u6bcf\u4e2aInnodb \u8868\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u952e<\/p>\n
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1aInnodb \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7d22\u5f15\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8868\uff0c\u5176\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u987a\u5e8f\u548c\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u5f20\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4f46\u8868\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u987a\u5e8f\u53ea\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\uff0cInnodb \u662f\u6309\u7167\u4e3b\u952e\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u6765\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8868\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u65b0\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u5217\u5982UUID\u3001MD5\u3001HASH\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5217\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u952e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5217\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u4e3b\u952e\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u589eID \u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
4.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u5355\u8868\u5217\u6570\u76ee\u6700\u597d\u5c0f\u4e8e50<\/p>\n
5.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u533a\u8868<\/p>\n
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u5206\u533a\u8868\u5728\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5728\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\uff0c\u8c28\u614e\u9009\u62e9\u5206\u533a\u952e\uff0c\u8de8\u5206\u533a\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u4f4e\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u91c7\u7528\u7269\u7406\u5206\u8868\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7ba1\u7406\u5927\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
6.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u62c6\u5206\u5927\u5b57\u6bb5\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u9891\u7387\u4f4e\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5206\u79bb\u51b7\u70ed\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
7.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u91c7\u7528\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5206\u5e93\u5206\u8868\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5343\u5e93\u5341\u8868\u3001\u5341\u5e93\u767e\u8868\u7b49\uff08\u5efa\u8bae\u8868\u5927\u5c0f\u63a7\u5236\u57282G\uff09<\/p>\n
8.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u5355\u8868\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc750\u4e2aint\u5b57\u6bb5\uff1b\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc720\u4e2achar\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc72\u4e2atext\u5b57\u6bb5<\/p>\n
9.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u8868\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u548c\u66f4\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u5b57\u6bb5<\/p>\n
10.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u65e5\u5fd7\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u6309\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4\u6c34\u5e73\u5207\u5272\uff0c\u5b9a\u671f\u5f52\u6863\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
11.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528order by rand()<\/p>\n
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1aorder by rand()\u4f1a\u4e3a\u8868\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f2a\u5217\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528rand()\u51fd\u6570\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u6570\u636e\u8ba1\u7b97\u51farand()\u503c\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u8be5\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6548\u7387\u975e\u5e38\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n
12.\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u3011\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528hash\u3001range\u3001lookup table\u8fdb\u884c\u6563\u8868<\/p>\n
13.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u6bcf\u5f20\u8868\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5efa\u8bae\u63a7\u5236\u5728500w\u4ee5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc7500w\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u5f52\u6863\u6216\u5206\u5e93\u5206\u8868\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff08500\u4e07\u884c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662fMySQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u8fc7\u5927\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4fee\u6539\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5907\u4efd\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u3002MySQL\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u5b58\u50a8\u6709\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09<\/p>\n
14.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u5728\u8868\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acb\u9884\u7559\u5b57\u6bb5<\/p>\n
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u9884\u7559\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u547d\u540d\u5f88\u96be\u505a\u5230\u89c1\u540d\u8bc6\u4e49\uff0c\u9884\u7559\u5b57\u6bb5\u65e0\u6cd5\u786e\u8ba4\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u65e0\u6cd5\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff1b\u5bf9\u9884\u7559\u5b57\u6bb5\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u9501\u5b9a<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u5b57\u6bb5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u89c4\u8303<\/h2>\n
1.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u5fc5\u987b\u628a\u5b57\u6bb5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3aNOT NULL\u5e76\u4e14\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c<\/p>\n
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1aNULL\u5b57\u6bb5\u5f88\u96be\u67e5\u8be2\u4f18\u5316\uff0cNULL\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0cNULL\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u590d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u65e0\u6548<\/p>\n
2.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528ENUM\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528TINYINT\u4ee3\u66ff<\/p>\n
3.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528TEXT\u3001BLOB\u7c7b\u578b(\u5982\u679c\u8868\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u6570\u5728\u4e07\u7ea7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651)<\/p>\n
4.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528varchar(20)\u5b58\u50a8\u624b\u673a\u53f7<\/p>\n
5.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528\u5c0f\u6570\u5b58\u50a8\u56fd\u5e01\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u5206\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u91cc\u5c31\u662f\u6574\u6570\u4e86<\/p>\n
6.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7528DECIMAL\u4ee3\u66ffFLOAT\u548cDOUBLE\u5b58\u50a8\u7cbe\u786e\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570<\/p>\n
7.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u4f7f\u7528UNSIGNED\u5b58\u50a8\u975e\u8d1f\u6574\u6570<\/p>\n
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u540c\u6837\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6570\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u66f4\u5927<\/p>\n
8.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528INT UNSIGNED\u5b58\u50a8IPV4<\/p>\n
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u7528UNSINGED INT\u5b58\u50a8IP\u5730\u5740\u5360\u75284\u5b57\u8282\uff0cCHAR(15)\u5219\u5360\u752815\u5b57\u8282\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5904\u7406\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u6bd4\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b\u5feb\u3002\u4f7f\u7528INT UNSIGNED\u800c\u4e0d\u662fCHAR(15)\u6765\u5b58\u50a8IPV4\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7MySQL\u51fd\u6570inet_ntoa\u548cinet_aton\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u5316\u3002IPv6\u5730\u5740\u76ee\u524d\u6ca1\u6709\u8f6c\u5316\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528DECIMAL\u6216\u4e24\u4e2aBIGINT\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u3002\u4f8b\u5982:SELECT INET_ATON(‘192.168.172.3’); 3232279555 SELECT INET_NTOA(3232279555); 192.168.172.3<\/p>\n
9.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u5b57\u6bb5\u957f\u5ea6\u5c3d\u91cf\u6309\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u968f\u610f\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf<\/p>\n
10.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u6838\u5fc3\u8868\u5b57\u6bb5\u6570\u91cf\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5730\u5c11\uff0c\u6709\u5927\u5b57\u6bb5\u8981\u8003\u8651\u62c6\u5206<\/p>\n
11.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u9002\u5f53\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e9b\u53cd\u8303\u5f0f\u7684\u8868\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u5197\u4f59\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11JOIN<\/p>\n
12.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u8d44\u91d1\u5b57\u6bb5\u8003\u8651\u7edf\u4e00*100\u5904\u7406\u6210\u6574\u578b\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528decimal\u6d6e\u70b9\u7c7b\u578b\u5b58\u50a8<\/p>\n
13.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u4f7f\u7528VARBINARY\u5b58\u50a8\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u654f\u611f\u7684\u53d8\u957f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6216\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5185\u5bb9\u8bf4\u660e\uff1aVARBINARY\u9ed8\u8ba4\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb<\/p>\n
14.\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u3011INT\u7c7b\u578b\u56fa\u5b9a\u5360\u75284\u5b57\u8282\u5b58\u50a8\u8bf4\u660e\uff1aINT(4)\u4ec5\u4ee3\u8868\u663e\u793a\u5b57\u7b26\u5bbd\u5ea6\u4e3a4\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u5b58\u50a8\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u6570\u503c\u7c7b\u578b\u62ec\u53f7\u540e\u9762\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u53ea\u662f\u8868\u793a\u5bbd\u5ea6\u800c\u8ddf\u5b58\u50a8\u8303\u56f4\u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982INT(3)\u9ed8\u8ba4\u663e\u793a3\u4f4d\uff0c\u7a7a\u683c\u8865\u9f50\uff0c\u8d85\u51fa\u65f6\u6b63\u5e38\u663e\u793a\uff0cPython\u3001Java\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7b49\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u8fd9\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n
15.\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u3011\u533a\u5206\u4f7f\u7528DATETIME\u548cTIMESTAMP<\/p>\n
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u5b58\u50a8\u5e74\u4f7f\u7528YEAR\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u65e5\u671f\u4f7f\u7528DATE\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u65f6\u95f4(\u7cbe\u786e\u5230\u79d2)\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528TIMESTAMP\u7c7b\u578b\u3002DATETIME\u548cTIMESTAMP\u90fd\u662f\u7cbe\u786e\u5230\u79d2\uff0c\u4f18\u5148\u9009\u62e9TIMESTAMP\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aTIMESTAMP\u53ea\u67094\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u800cDATETIME8\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u540c\u65f6TIMESTAMP\u5177\u6709\u81ea\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\u4ee5\u53ca\u2f83\u81ea\u52a8\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002\u8865\u5145\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528TIMESTAMP\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\u5c5e\u6027?\u81ea\u52a8\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u81ea\u52a8\u66f4\u65b0\uff1acolumn1 TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATECURRENT_TIMESTAMP \u53ea\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff1acolumn1 TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP \u81ea\u52a8\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u503c\u4e3a0\uff1acolumn1 TIMESTAMP DEFAULT 0 ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u503c\u4e3a0\uff1acolumn1 TIMESTAMP DEFAULT 0<\/p>\n
16.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u5c06\u5927\u5b57\u6bb5\u3001\u8bbf\u95ee\u9891\u7387\u4f4e\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u62c6\u5206\u5230\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u8868\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u5206\u79bb\u51b7\u70ed\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u6709\u6548\u5229\u7528\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u9632\u2f4c\u8bfb\u5165\u65e0\u7528\u7684\u51b7\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8f83\u5c11\u78c1\u76d8IO\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u8bc1\u70ed\u6570\u636e\u5e38\u9a7b\u5185\u5b58\u63d0\u2fbc\u9ad8\u7f13\u5b58\u547d\u4e2d\u7387<\/p>\n
17.\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u3011VARCHAR(N)\uff0cN\u8868\u793a\u7684\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\u4e0d\u662f\u5b57\u8282\u6570\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982VARCHAR(255)\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6700\u5927\u53ef\u5b58\u50a8255\u4e2a\u6c49\u5b57\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u5bbd\u5ea6\u6765\u9009\u62e9N<\/p>\n
18.\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u3011VARCHAR(N)\uff0cN\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aMySQL\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684VARCHAR\u5b57\u6bb5\u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6\u662f65535\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u548c\u521b\u5efa\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u4e00\u7c7b\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528N\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u7533\u8bf7\u5185\u5b58<\/p>\n
19.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011VARCHAR(N)\uff0cN>5000\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528BLOB\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n
20.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u4f7f\u7528\u77ed\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u4e3a0~80\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528TINYINT UNSIGNED<\/p>\n
21.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u5b58\u50a8\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6027\u522b\u7b49\uff0c\u7528TINYINT<\/p>\n
22.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u6240\u6709\u5b58\u50a8\u76f8\u540c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5217\u540d\u548c\u5217\u7c7b\u578b\u5fc5\u987b\u4e00\u81f4\uff08\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u5982user_id\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7c7b\u578b\u5fc5\u987b\u4e00\u81f4\uff09<\/p>\n
23.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u4f18\u5148\u9009\u62e9\u7b26\u5408\u5b58\u50a8\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n
24.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u957f\u5ea6\u51e0\u4e4e\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 char \u5b9a\u957f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u8bbe\u8ba1\u89c4\u8303<\/h2>\n
1.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u5355\u8868\u7d22\u5f15\u5efa\u8bae\u63a7\u5236\u57285\u4e2a\u4ee5\u5185<\/p>\n
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u7d22\u5f15\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u662f\u8d8a\u591a\u8d8a\u597d<\/p>\n
2.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u5728\u66f4\u65b0\u5341\u5206\u9891\u7e41\uff0c\u533a\u5206\u5ea6\u4e0d\u9ad8\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u4e0a\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15<\/p>\n
3.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u5efa\u7acb\u7ec4\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u5fc5\u987b\u628a\u533a\u5206\u5ea6\u9ad8\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u653e\u5728\u524d\u9762<\/p>\n
4.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u5bf9\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5b9a\u4e49\u957f\u5ea6\u8d85\u8fc7128\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u524d\u7f00\u7d22\u5f15<\/p>\n
5.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u8868\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u4e3b\u952e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662fauto_increment\u53canot null\u7684\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8868\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u5b9a\u4e49\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u7684tinyint,smallint,int,bigint<\/p>\n
6.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u66f4\u65b0\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u5217\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u952e<\/p>\n
7.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5217\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u952e<\/p>\n
8.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62UUID MD5 HASH\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u952e(\u6570\u503c\u592a\u79bb\u6563\u4e86)<\/p>\n
9.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u7a7a\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u952e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u952e<\/p>\n
10.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u4e3b\u952e\u5efa\u8bae\u9009\u62e9\u81ea\u589e\u6216\u53d1\u53f7\u5668<\/p>\n
11.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u6838\u5fc3SQL\u4f18\u5148\u8003\u8651\u8986\u76d6\u7d22\u5f15<\/p>\n
12.\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u3011\u907f\u514d\u5197\u4f59\u548c\u91cd\u590d\u7d22\u5f15<\/p>\n
13.\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u3011\u7d22\u5f15\u8981\u7efc\u5408\u8bc4\u4f30\u6570\u636e\u5bc6\u5ea6\u548c\u5206\u5e03\u4ee5\u53ca\u8003\u8651\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u6bd4\u4f8b<\/p>\n
14.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u4e0d\u5728\u7d22\u5f15\u5217\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u8fd0\u7b97<\/p>\n
15.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u7814\u53d1\u8981\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528explain\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\u7d22\u5f15\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u5dee\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u5b66\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528hint<\/p>\n
16.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15\u5c31\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387<\/p>\n
17.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u591a\u6761\u5b57\u6bb5\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u8bed\u53e5\u6761\u4ef6\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e3a\u5176\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u6761\u8054\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u7d22\u5f15\u6570\u91cf<\/p>\n
18.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e0d\u4e3aNULL\uff0c\u8003\u8651default value\u8fdb\u53bb\u3002NULL\u4e5f\u662f\u5360\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u800c\u4e14NULL\u975e\u5e38\u5f71\u54cd\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387<\/p>\n
19.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u65b0\u5efa\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15\u4e0d\u80fd\u548c\u4e3b\u952e\u91cd\u590d<\/p>\n
20.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u5c3d\u91cf\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u5916\u952e\u3001\u5916\u952e\u7528\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u53c2\u7167\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u5728\u4e1a\u52a1\u7aef\u5b9e\u73b0\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u907f\u514d\u5bf9\u7236\u8868\u548c\u5b50\u8868\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u76f8\u4e92\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u53ef\u7528\u6027<\/p>\n
21.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e0d\u5e94\u505a\u4e3b\u952e<\/p>\n
22.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u8868\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7int\u578b\u81ea\u589e\u4e3b\u952e\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u8868\u4e2did\u5b57\u6bb5<\/p>\n
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u5fc5\u987b\u5f97\u6709\u4e3b\u952e\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff1a\u91c7\u7528RBR\u6a21\u5f0f\u590d\u5236\uff0c\u65e0\u4e3b\u952e\u7684\u8868\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5907\u5e93\u592f\u4f4f \uff1b\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u589e\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u63d2\u5165\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u907f\u514dpage\u5206\u88c2\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u8868\u788e\u7247<\/p>\n
23.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u5bf9\u957f\u5ea6\u8fc7\u957f\u7684VARCHAR\u5b57\u6bb5\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15\u65f6\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0crc32\u6216\u8005MD5 Hash\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5bf9Hash\u5b57\u6bb5\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15<\/p>\n
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u8868\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u5217url_crc32\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5bf9url_crc32\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387CREATE TABLE url( … url VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0, url_crc32 INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT 0, … index idx_url(url_crc32) \uff09<\/p>\n
24.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011WHERE\u6761\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u975e\u7b49\u503c\u6761\u4ef6\uff08IN\u3001BETWEEN\u3001<\u3001<=\u3001>\u3001>=\uff09\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u540e\u9762\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u4e86\u7d22\u5f15<\/p>\n
25.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u5b57\u6bb5\u503c\u53bb\u91cd\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u4e2a\u6570\u591a\u7684\u653e\u5728\u524d\u9762<\/p>\n
26.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011ORDER BY\uff0cGROUP BY\uff0cDISTINCT\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u5728\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u540e\u9762<\/p>\n
27.\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u3011\u5408\u7406\u521b\u5efa\u8054\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\uff08\u907f\u514d\u5197\u4f59\uff09\uff0c\u5982(a,b,c) \u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e (a) \u3001(a,b) \u3001(a,b,c)<\/p>\n
28.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u590d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u6570\u5efa\u8bae\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc75\u4e2a<\/p>\n
29.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u4e0d\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u4f4e\u7684\u5217\u4e0a\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982”\u6027\u522b”, “\u72b6\u6001”\uff0c “\u7c7b\u578b”<\/p>\n
30.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5355\u72ec\u6761\u4ef6\u5982\u679c\u8d70\u4e0d\u4e86\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528force \u2013index\u5f3a\u5236\u6307\u5b9a\u7d22\u5f15<\/p>\n
31.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u7ed9\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u90fd\u5efa\u7acb\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u7d22\u5f15<\/p>\n
32.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u5728varchar\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0a\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u6307\u5b9a\u7d22\u5f15\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u6ca1\u5fc5\u8981\u5bf9\u5168\u5b57\u6bb5\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u6587\u672c\u533a\u5206\u5ea6\u51b3\u5b9a\u7d22\u5f15\u957f\u5ea6\u5373\u53ef<\/p>\n
\u516b\u3001SQL\u4f7f\u7528\u89c4\u8303<\/h2>\n
1.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528SELECT *\uff0c\u53ea\u83b7\u53d6\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u663e\u793a\u8bf4\u660e\u5217\u5c5e\u6027<\/p>\n
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u6309\u9700\u83b7\u53d6\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u7f51\u7edc\u5e26\u5bbd\u6d88\u8017\uff0c\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u5229\u7528\u8986\u76d6\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u53d8\u66f4\u5bf9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u57fa\u672c\u65e0\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n
2.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528INSERT INTO t_xxx VALUES(xxx)\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u663e\u793a\u6307\u5b9a\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u5217\u5c5e\u6027<\/p>\n
3.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011WHERE\u6761\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u9002\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u907f\u514dMySQL\u8fdb\u884c\u9690\u5f0f\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u5316<\/p>\n
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u56e0\u4e3aMySQL\u8fdb\u884c\u9690\u5f0f\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u5316\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5c06\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u5316\u6210=\u53f7\u53f3\u8fb9\u503c\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u548c\u907f\u514d\u5728\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5b50 select uid from t_user where phone=15855550101\uff08phone\u4e3a varchat \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u67e5\u8be2\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\uff09<\/p>\n
4.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u5728WHERE\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u8005\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/p>\n
5.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u8d1f\u5411\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca%\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u67e5\u8be2<\/p>\n
6.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5fc5\u987b\u6355\u83b7SQL\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5e76\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n
7.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011sql\u8bed\u53e5\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u5927\u7684sql\u60f3\u529e\u6cd5\u62c6\u6210\u5c0f\u7684sql\u8bed\u53e5<\/p>\n
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u7b80\u5355\u7684SQL\u5bb9\u6613\u4f7f\u7528\u5230MySQL\u7684querycache\u3001\u51cf\u5c11\u9501\u8868\u65f6\u95f4\u7279\u522b\u662fMyISAM\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u6838cpu<\/p>\n
8.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u4e8b\u52a1\u8981\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u8981\u592a\u957f<\/p>\n
9.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u907f\u514d\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\u6216\u8005\u51fd\u6570\u8fd0\u7b97(MySQL\u4e0d\u64c5\u957f\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u4e5f\u5bb9\u6613\u5c06\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u548cDB\u8026\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77)<\/p>\n
10.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011sql\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5230OR\u7684\u6539\u5199\u4e3a\u7528IN() (or\u7684\u6548\u7387\u6ca1\u6709in\u7684\u6548\u7387\u9ad8)<\/p>\n
11.\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u3011SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2dIN\u5305\u542b\u7684\u503c\u4e0d\u5e94\u8fc7\u591a\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u5efa\u8bae\u63a7\u5236\u57281000\u4e2a\u4ee5\u5185<\/p>\n
12.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011limit\u5206\u9875\u6ce8\u610f\u6548\u7387\u3002Limit\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u8d8a\u4f4e\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u5199limit<\/p>\n
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u6539\u5199\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a1\uff09\u6539\u5199\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\u5ef6\u8fdf\u56de\u8868\u5199\u6cd5 select xx,xx from t t1, (select id from t where …. limit 10000,10) t2 where t1.id = t2.id2\uff09\u6539\u5199\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8cselect id from t limit 10000, 10; \u5e94\u8be5\u6539\u4e3a => select id from t where id > 10000 limit 10;<\/p>\n
13.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u5c3d\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528union all\u66ff\u4ee3union<\/p>\n
14.\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u3011\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u8868JOIN<\/p>\n
15.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u8981\u6253\u6563\u540e\u6279\u91cf\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u4e00\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\u592a\u591a\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
16.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u7406\u7684SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u6b21\u6570<\/p>\n
17.\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u3011\u6ce8\u610f\u4f7f\u7528\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177 Sql explain \/ showprofile \/ mysqlsla<\/p>\n
18.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u80fd\u4e0d\u7528NOT IN\u5c31\u4e0d\u7528NOT IN\uff0c\u5751\u592a\u591a\u4e86\uff0c\u4f1a\u628a\u7a7a\u548cNULL\u7ed9\u67e5\u51fa\u6765<\/p>\n
19.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u5173\u4e8e\u5206\u9875\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u91cc\u5efa\u8bae\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u9875\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\uff0climit\u3001offset\u8f83\u5927\u8981\u914d\u5408\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n
20.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u8dd1\u5927\u67e5\u8be2<\/p>\n
21.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u5355\u6761SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u540c\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u591a\u4e2a\u8868<\/p>\n
22.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u7edf\u8ba1\u8868\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u6570\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528COUNT(*)\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662fCOUNT(primary_key)\u548cCOUNT(1)<\/p>\n
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1acount( * ) \u4f1a\u7edf\u8ba1\u503c\u4e3a NULL \u7684\u884c\uff0c\u800c count( \u5217\u540d ) \u4e0d\u4f1a\u7edf\u8ba1\u6b64\u5217\u4e3a NULL \u503c\u7684\u884c<\/p>\n
23.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011INSERT\u8bed\u53e5\u4f7f\u7528batch\u63d0\u4ea4\uff08INSERT INTO tableVALUES(),(),()\u2026\u2026\uff09\uff0cvalues\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u4e0d\u5e94\u8fc7\u591a<\/p>\n
24.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u83b7\u53d6\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5206\u6279\u6b21\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5c11\u4e8e2000\u6761\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u96c6\u5e94\u5c0f\u4e8e1M<\/p>\n
25.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u5728\u505a\u5f00\u53d1\u65f6\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6846\u67b6(\u5982mybatis)\u6216prepared statement\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\u5e76\u907f\u514dSQL\u6ce8\u5165<\/p>\n
26.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u8de8\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\uff08\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u8fc1\u79fb\u548c\u5206\u5e93\u5206\u8868\u7559\u51fa\u4f59\u5730\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u8026\u5408\u5ea6\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u98ce\u9669\uff09<\/p>\n
27.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u5c3d\u91cf\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u4f18\u5316\u4e3ajoin\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u96c6\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5927\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u6d88\u8017\u8fc7\u591a\u7684CPU\u53caIO\u8d44\u6e90\uff09<\/p>\n
28.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e09\u4e2a\u8868\u7981\u6b62 join\u3002\uff08\u9700\u8981 join \u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u5fc5\u987b\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e00\u81f4\uff1b\u591a\u8868\u5173\u8054\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u88ab\u5173\u8054\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u9700\u8981\u6709\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u53cc\u8868 join \u4e5f\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u8868\u7d22\u5f15\u3001SQL \u6027\u80fd\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n
29.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011SQL \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff1a\u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u8fbe\u5230 range \u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u662f ref \u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f consts\u6700\u597d<\/p>\n
30.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u5c3d\u91cf\u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7269\u7406\u5220\u9664\uff08\u5373\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5220\u9664\u7684\u8bdd\u63d0\u524d\u505a\u597d\u5907\u4efd\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u903b\u8f91\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u6bb5delete_flag\u505a\u903b\u8f91\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3atinyint\uff0c0\u8868\u793a\u672a\u5220\u9664\uff0c1\u8868\u793a\u5df2\u5220\u9664<\/p>\n
31.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u5199\u5206\u9875\u67e5\u8be2\u903b\u8f91\u65f6\uff0c\u82e5 count \u4e3a 0 \u5e94\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u6267\u884c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5206\u9875\u8bed\u53e5<\/p>\n
32.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8d26\u53f7<\/p>\n
33.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u4f7f\u7528 ISNULL()\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a NULL \u503c<\/p>\n
\u4e5d\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\u89c4\u8303<\/h2>\n
1.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u7684\u5e10\u53f7\u624b\u5de5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7ebf\u4e0a\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/p>\n
2.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u975eDBA\u5bf9\u7ebf\u4e0a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u7ebf\u4e0a\u6570\u636e\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u4ea4\u5de5\u5355\uff0c\u7531DBA\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u5fc5\u987b\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/p>\n
3.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u5728\u7ebf\u4e0a\u505a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u538b\u529b\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/p>\n
4.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u4ece\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u76f4\u8fde\u7ebf\u4e0a\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/p>\n
5.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u5728\u4e3b\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u540e\u53f0\u7edf\u8ba1\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5f71\u54cd\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u79bb\u7ebf\u4ece\u5e93\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u540e\u53f0\u7edf\u8ba1<\/p>\n
\u5341\u3001\u6d41\u7a0b\u89c4\u8303<\/h2>\n
1.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5efa\u8868\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u524d\u544a\u77e5\u8be5\u8868\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u67e5\u8be2sql<\/p>\n
2.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5efa\u8868\u9700\u8981\u786e\u5b9a\u5efa\u7acb\u54ea\u4e9b\u7d22\u5f15\u540e\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u8868\u4e0a\u7ebf<\/p>\n
3.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6539\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u6240\u6539\u8868\u7684\u67e5\u8be2sql\u53d1\u51fa\u6765\u544a\u77e5DBA\u7b49\u76f8\u5173\u4eba\u5458<\/p>\n
4.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u5728\u5efa\u65b0\u8868\u52a0\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u63d0\u524d3\u5929\u90ae\u4ef6\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u7ed9dba\u4eec\u8bc4\u4f30\u3001\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u5ba1\u6838\u7684\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n
5.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u6279\u91cf\u5bfc\u5165\u3001\u5bfc\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u9700\u8981DBA\u8fdb\u884c\u5ba1\u67e5\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u89c2\u5bdf\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n
6.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7981\u6b62\u6709super\u6743\u9650\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8d26\u53f7\u5b58\u5728<\/p>\n
7.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u63a8\u5e7f\u6d3b\u52a8\u6216\u4e0a\u7ebf\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u524d\u901a\u77e5DBA\u8fdb\u884c\u6d41\u91cf\u8bc4\u4f30<\/p>\n
8.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u4e0d\u5728\u4e1a\u52a1\u9ad8\u5cf0\u671f\u6279\u91cf\u66f4\u65b0\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/p>\n
9.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u9694\u79bb\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7ebf\u4e0b\u73af\u5883\uff08\u5f00\u53d1\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7981\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee\u7ebf\u4e0a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff09<\/p>\n
10.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u5728\u5bf9\u5927\u8868\u505a\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u53d8\u66f4\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u4fee\u6539\u5b57\u6bb5\u5c5e\u6027\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u9501\u8868\uff0c\u5e76\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u4ece\u5e93\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u7ebf\u4e0a\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u51cc\u6668\u540e\u4e1a\u52a1\u4f4e\u5cf0\u671f\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u53e6\u7edf\u4e00\u7528\u5de5\u5177pt-online-schema-change\u907f\u514d\u9501\u8868\u4e14\u964d\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n
11.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u6838\u5fc3\u4e1a\u52a1\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u53d8\u66f4\u9700\u5728\u51cc\u6668\u6267\u884c<\/p>\n
12.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u6c47\u603b\u5e93\u5f00\u542fAudit\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\u65b9\u53ef\u8ffd\u6eaf<\/p>\n
13.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7ed9\u4e1a\u52a1\u65b9\u5f00\u6743\u9650\u65f6\uff0c\u5bc6\u7801\u8981\u7528MD5\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u81f3\u5c1116\u4f4d\u3002\u6743\u9650\u5982\u6ca1\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5747\u4e3aselect\u67e5\u8be2\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5e76\u505a\u5e93\u8868\u7ea7\u9650\u5236<\/p>\n
14.\u3010\u63a8\u8350\u3011\u5982\u679c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e1a\u52a1\u90e8\u95e8\u4eba\u4e3a\u8bef\u64cd\u4f5c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6062\u590d\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8bf7\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u901a\u77e5DBA\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u51c6\u786e\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u8bef\u64cd\u4f5c\u8bed\u53e5\u7b49\u91cd\u8981\u7ebf\u7d22\u3002<\/p>\n
15.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u6279\u91cf\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5982update,delete \u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u9700\u8981DBA\u8fdb\u884c\u5ba1\u67e5\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u89c2\u5bdf\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n
16.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u4e1a\u52a1\u90e8\u95e8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u51fa\u73b0bug\u7b49\u5f71\u54cd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8bf7\u53ca\u65f6\u901a\u77e5DBA\u4fbf\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u7a33\u5b9a<\/p>\n
17.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u7ebf\u4e0a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u53d8\u66f4\u64cd\u4f5c\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u56de\u6eda\u65b9\u6848<\/p>\n
18.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u6279\u91cf\u6e05\u6d17\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5f00\u53d1\u548cDBA\u5171\u540c\u8fdb\u884c\u5ba1\u67e5\uff0c\u5e94\u907f\u5f00\u4e1a\u52a1\u9ad8\u5cf0\u671f\u65f6\u6bb5\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u89c2\u5bdf\u670d\u52a1\u72b6\u6001<\/p>\n
19.\u3010\u5f3a\u5236\u3011\u6570\u636e\u8ba2\u6b63\u5982\u5220\u9664\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u8bb0\u5f55\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u5148 select \uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u65e0\u8bef\u624d\u80fd\u6267\u884c\u66f4\u65b0\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u51fa\u73b0\u8bef\u5220\u9664<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u8005\uff5c\u4fee\u51b6<\/p>\n
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https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/a\/1190000044188354<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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