{"id":10008201,"date":"2023-08-31T15:00:03","date_gmt":"2023-08-31T07:00:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.itmax.cn\/?p=10008201"},"modified":"2023-08-31T15:00:03","modified_gmt":"2023-08-31T07:00:03","slug":"java%e5%8d%95%e5%85%83%e6%b5%8b%e8%af%95%e5%8f%8a%e5%b8%b8%e7%94%a8%e8%af%ad%e5%8f%a5-%e4%ba%ac%e4%b8%9c%e7%89%a9%e6%b5%81%e6%8a%80%e6%9c%af%e5%9b%a2%e9%98%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/?p=10008201","title":{"rendered":"Java\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53ca\u5e38\u7528\u8bed\u53e5 | \u4eac\u4e1c\u7269\u6d41\u6280\u672f\u56e2\u961f"},"content":{"rendered":"

1 \u524d\u8a00<\/h2>\n

\u7f16\u5199Java\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\uff0c\u5373\u628a\u4e00\u6bb5\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u62c6\u89e3\u6210\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u65e0\u9700\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5728\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u5199\u597dJava\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u201c\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u7b80\u5355\u5316\uff0c\u5efa\u5355\u95ee\u9898\u6df1\u5165\u5316\u201c\u3002\u5728\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c \u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u6b21\u68c0\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6211\u603b\u7ed3\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f16\u5199\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u597d\u5904\uff1a<\/p>\n

1.\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\u903b\u8f91\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u542f\u52a8\u6574\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

2.\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8986\u76d6\u8fb9\u754c\u503c<\/p>\n

3.\u63d0\u9ad8\u539f\u6709\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u590d\u7528<\/p>\n

4.\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u907f\u514d\u4ee3\u7801\u6539\u52a8\u540e\uff0c\u5bf9\u539f\u6709\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u5f71\u54cd<\/p>\n

2 \u51c6\u5907\u73af\u5883<\/h2>\n

Mockito\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u6700\u666e\u904d\u7684\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6a21\u62df\u6846\u67b6\u3002Mockito\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u628a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u4f9d\u8d56\u5bf9\u8c61\u9694\u79bb\u5f00\u3002PowerMock\u4e3aMockito\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6269\u5c55\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4e3a\u6a21\u62df\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0cfinal\u7c7b\uff0c\u548c\u79c1\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b49\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5Mockito\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0cPowerMock\u4e3a\u8f85\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u6765\u505a\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n

2.1 \u5f15\u5165Mockito\u548cPowerMock\u5305\uff0c\u5728pom.xml\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f9d\u8d56\uff1a<\/p>\n

<properties>\n    <powermock.version>2.0.9<\/powermock.version>\n<\/properties>\n<dependency>\n    <groupId>org.powermock<\/groupId>\n    <artifactId>powermock-core<\/artifactId>\n    <version>${powermock.version}<\/version>\n    <scope>test<\/scope>\n<\/dependency>\n<dependency>\n    <groupId>org.powermock<\/groupId>\n    <artifactId>powermock-api-mockito2<\/artifactId>\n    <version>${powermock.version}<\/version>\n    <scope>test<\/scope>\n<\/dependency>\n<dependency>\n    <groupId>org.powermock<\/groupId>\n    <artifactId>powermock-module-junit4<\/artifactId>\n    <version>${powermock.version}<\/version>\n    <scope>test<\/scope>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
PowerMock\u76ee\u524d\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u4e3a2.0.9\u3010PowerMock\u94fe\u63a5<\/a>\u3011\u7531\u4e8ePowerMock\u5305\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684Mockito\u548cJUnit\u5305\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u65e0\u9700\u518d\u5355\u72ec\u5f15\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n
3 \u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684mock\u8bed\u53e5<\/h2>\n
3.1 \u6a21\u62df\u6307\u5b9a\u7c7b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6a21\u62df\u4f9d\u8d56\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u7c7b\u6210\u5458\uff09<\/p>\n
\u5728Spring\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6210\u5458\u5bf9\u8c61\u901a\u8fc7@Autowire\uff0c@Resource<\/a>\uff0c@Value\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u6ce8\u5165\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u73af\u5883\u914d\u7f6e\u6216\u8005\u4f9d\u8d56\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u5728\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u70b9\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528mock\u6a21\u62df<\/p>\n
\/\/\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\nMockito.mock(OrderInfo.class);\n\/\/\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\n@Mock\nprivate OrderInfo orderInfo;\n\n\n@Before\npublic void setUp(){\nMockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
3.2 \u5b9a\u4e49\u88ab\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n
\u628a\u88ab\u6d4b\u8bd5\u670d\u52a1\u7c7b\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316<\/p>\n
@InjectMocks\nprivate OrderServiceImpl orderService;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
3.3 \u6a21\u62df\u679a\u4e3e\u7c7b\u578b\/\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n
\u9700\u8981\u628a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6a21\u62df\u7c7b\u653e\u5728@PrepareForTest\u4e2d<\/p>\n
\/\/\u5fc5\u987b\u6dfb\u52a0@RunWith\u548c@PrepareForTest\u5728\u7c7b\u524d\n@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)\n@PrepareForTest(OrderTypeEnum.class)\n\n\n\/\/\u5728@Before\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u679a\u4e3emock\n@Before\npublic void beforeTest() {\n    mockStatic(OrderTypeEnum.class);\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
3.4 \u6a21\u62df\u4f9d\u8d56\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6a21\u62df\u5b8c\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528Mockito\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u4f9d\u8d56\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6a21\u62df\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6a21\u62df\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fd8\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u6a21\u62df\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f9d\u8d56\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\/***\nwhen.thenReturn \u548c doReturn.when\u662f\u4e24\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\n\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u4f7f\u7528@Spy\u65f6\u624d\u4f1a\u6709\u533a\u522b\n\u53c2\u8003\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.imooc.com\/wenda\/detail\/594190#id_653606\n***\/\n\n\n\/\/\u6a21\u62df\u679a\u4e3e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8c03\u7528\nwhen(OrderTypeEnum.getByValue(anyInt())).thenReturn(100);\n\/\/\u6a21\u62df\u4f9d\u8d56\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u65b9\u6cd5\u8c03\u7528\ndoReturn(resultInfoDTO).when(orderInfoService).getLastOrderInfo(orderInfoDTO);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
3.5 \u6a21\u62df\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n
PowerMock\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6a21\u62df\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9700\u8981\u628a\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7c7b\u653e\u5728@PrepareForTest\u4e2d<\/p>\n
\/\/\u5fc5\u987b\u5728@PrepareForTest\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u5bf9\u5e94\u7c7b\n@PrepareForTest({OrderTypeEnum.class, OrderServiceImpl.class})\nwhenNew(OrderInfoDTO.class).withNoArguments().thenReturn(orderInfoDTO);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
3.6 \u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5\u8c03\u7528\u6b21\u6570<\/p>\n
\u88ab\u6d4b\u65b9\u6cd5\u8c03\u7528\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u8c03\u7528\u591a\u6b21\u6216\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u6761\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0d\u540c\u6b21\u6570\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5\u8c03\u7528\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027<\/p>\n
verify(orderInfoService,times(1)).getLastOrderInfo(orderInfoDTO);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
3.7 \u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65b9\u6cd5\u8c03\u7528\u540e\u7684\u51fa\u53c2\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u9884\u671f\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u6821\u9a8c\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u9884\u671f\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027<\/p>\n
Assert.assertEquals(result, "123");\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
3.8 \u9a8c\u8bc1\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n
JUnit\u7684@Test\u6ce8\u89e3\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aexpected\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u671f\u671b\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6355\u83b7\u5f02\u5e38\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5176\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u3010\u6ce8\u3011\uff1a\u53ea\u80fd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5f02\u5e38\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
@Test(expected = BPLException.class)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
4 \u5355\u6d4b\u4e3e\u4f8b<\/h2>\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u672c\u5730\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\uff0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u4e86\u5916\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u679a\u4e3e\u503c\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6e90\u65b9\u6cd5\u5373\u9700\u8981\u5355\u6d4b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n
\"\"<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u662f\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\u4e00\u4e9b\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n
\"\"<\/p>\n
4.1 \u5355\u6d4b\u573a\u666f\u4e00<\/strong>\uff08\u786e\u5b9a\u63a5\u53e3\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u6b63\u786e\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7verify\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u63a5\u53e3\u662f\u5426\u8c03\u7528\u8fc7\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ea\u8c03\u7528\u8fc71\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7assert\u6765\u786e\u8ba4\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u662f\u5426\u6ee1\u8db3\u9884\u671f<\/p>\n
\"\"<\/p>\n
4.2 \u5355\u6d4b\u573a\u666f\u4e8c<\/strong>\uff08\u5fc5\u8981\u5f02\u5e38\u662f\u5426\u629b\u51fa\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u5728@Test\u6ce8\u89e3\u4e0a\u52a0\u5165expected\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5f53\u63a5\u53e3\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38<\/p>\n
\"\"<\/p>\n
4 \u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n
\u7f16\u5199\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u4e3e\u8db3\u8f7b\u91cd\u3002\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u4e86\u4f18\u5316\u6216\u91cd\u6784\u5386\u53f2\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6d4b\u8bd5\u66f4\u65b0\u540e\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6f5c\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u4e5f\u5206\u4eab\u4e00\u4e9b\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5927\u5bb6\u5b8c\u6210\u4ece0\u52301\u7684\u642d\u5efa\u3002<\/p>\n
5 \u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599<\/h2>\n