{"id":10008183,"date":"2023-08-28T20:59:27","date_gmt":"2023-08-28T12:59:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.itmax.cn\/?p=10008183"},"modified":"2023-08-28T20:59:27","modified_gmt":"2023-08-28T12:59:27","slug":"%e3%80%90nestjs%e7%b3%bb%e5%88%97%e3%80%91%e6%a0%b8%e5%bf%83%e6%a6%82%e5%bf%b5%ef%bc%9amiddleware%e4%b8%ad%e9%97%b4%e4%bb%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/?p=10008183","title":{"rendered":"\u3010NestJS\u7cfb\u5217\u3011\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\uff1aMiddleware\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u524d\u8a00<\/h2>\n<p>\u7528\u8fc7<code>express<\/code>\u4e0e<code>koa<\/code>\u7684\u540c\u5b66\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u5e94\u8be5\u975e\u5e38\u719f\u6089\u4e86\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u62ff\u5230<code>Request<\/code>\u3001<code>Response<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c<code>next<\/code>\u51fd\u6570.<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bb2\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u4ee3\u7801<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e0e\u54cd\u5e94\u62e6\u622a\u5e76\u6539\u9020<\/li>\n<li>\u7ed3\u675f<code>request-response<\/code>\u5468\u671f<\/li>\n<li>\u901a\u8fc7<code>next()<\/code>\u8c03\u7528\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u524d\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed3\u675f\u5f53\u524d<code>request-response<\/code>\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8c03\u7528<code>next()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f1a\u5904\u4e8e\u6302\u8d77\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u963b\u585e\u6574\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u4e00\u822c\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a<strong>\u7c7b\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/strong>\u3001<strong>\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>\u7c7b\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/h2>\n<h3>\u521b\u5efa\u7c7b\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528<code>@Injectable()<\/code>\u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0<code>NestMiddleware<\/code>\u63a5\u53e3\uff08<code>use<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">\/\/ Logger.middleware.ts\nimport { Injectable, NestMiddleware } from &quot;@nestjs\/common&quot;;\nimport { Request, Response } from &quot;express&quot;;\n\n@Injectable()\nexport class LoggerMiddleware implements NestMiddleware {\n    use(req: Request, res: Response, next: () =&gt; void) {\n        console.log('logger middleware', `url: ${req.url}`);\n        next();\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<p>\u7c7b\u4e2d\u95f4\u521b\u5efa\u5b8c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u6302\u8f7d\uff0c\u4f46<code>@Module<\/code>\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8ba9<code>module<\/code>\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0<code>NestModule<\/code>\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u91cc\u9762configure\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6302\u8f7d<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">\/\/ user.module.ts\nimport { Module, NestModule } from '@nestjs\/common';\nimport { UserService } from '.\/user.service';\nimport { UserController } from '.\/user.controller';\nimport { LoggerMiddleware } from '..\/middleware\/Logger.middleware';\n@Module({\n  controllers: [UserController],\n  providers: [UserService]\n})\nexport class UserModule implements NestModule {\n  configure(consumer) {\n    consumer\n      .apply(LoggerMiddleware)\n      .forRoutes(UserController);\n  }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><code>apply<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8868\u793a\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/li>\n<li><code>forRoutes<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u54ea\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u8def\u5f84\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0e<code>app.use(path, middleware)<\/code>\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u53ea\u9488\u5bf9\u90e8\u5206\u8def\u5f84\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528<\/li>\n<li>\u5f53\u7ed9<code>forRoutes<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a<code>controller<\/code>\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8be5\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u5219\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u4e0b\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u751f\u6548<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u662f<code>UserController<\/code>\u63a7\u5236\u5668\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u9488\u5bf9\u8be5\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u4e0b\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u90fd\u4f1a\u751f\u6548<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000044158150\" alt=\"6-1.png\" title=\"6-1.png\"><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>forRootes<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd8\u80fd\u505a\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u53ef\u4ee5\u9488\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u8def\u5f84\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u5339\u914d\uff08\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u4f7f\u7528<code>fastify<\/code>\u9a71\u52a8\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">export class UserModule implements NestModule {\n  configure(consumer) {\n    consumer\n      .apply(LoggerMiddleware)\n      .forRoutes({ path: 'user', method: RequestMethod.GET});\n  }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><code>apply<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u6302\u8f7d\u591a\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">export class UserModule implements NestModule {\n  configure(consumer) {\n    consumer\n      .apply(LoggerMiddleware, aaaMiddleware, ...)\n      .forRoutes({ path: 'user', method: RequestMethod.GET});\n  }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><code>forRoutes<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5355\u4e2a<code>string<\/code>\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a<code>string<\/code>\u8def\u5f84\uff0c<code>RouteInfo<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5355\u4e2a<code>Controller<\/code>\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a<code>Controller<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">export class AppModule implements NestModule {\n  configure(consumer) {\n    consumer\n      .apply(LoggerMiddleware, NjMiddleware, ...)\n      .forRoutes(UserController, NjController, ...);\n  }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><code>exclude<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u6392\u9664\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">export class UserModule implements NestModule {\n  configure(consumer) {\n    consumer\n      .apply(LoggerMiddleware)\n      .exclude({ path: '\/user\/a', method: RequestMethod.GET})\n      .forRoutes(UserController);\n  }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f<code>forRoutes<\/code>\u9700\u8981\u6700\u540e\u8c03\u7528<\/p>\n<h2>\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/h2>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u8f83\u4e3a\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8d77\u6765\u4e0e\u7c7b\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u4e00\u81f4<\/p>\n<h3>\u521b\u5efa\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">export function LoggerMiddleware(req: Request, res: Response, next: () =&gt; void) {\n    console.log('logger middleware', `url: ${req.url}`);\n    next();\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">export class UserModule implements NestModule {\n  configure(consumer) {\n    consumer\n      .apply(LoggerMiddleware)\n      .exclude({ path: '\/user\/a', method: RequestMethod.GET})\n      .forRoutes(UserController);\n  }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000044158151\" alt=\"6-2.png\" title=\"6-2.png\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<h3>\u5168\u5c40\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u5165\u53e3\u6587\u4ef6<code>main.ts<\/code>\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528<code>app.use<\/code>\u6765\u6302\u8f7d\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u5c06\u5168\u5c40\u751f\u6548<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">app.use(LoggerMiddleware) \/\/ \u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\"   referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000044158152\" alt=\"6-3.png\" title=\"6-3.png\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u5176\u5b9e\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f88\u591a\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001cors\u8de8\u57df\u5904\u7406\u3001\u56fe\u7247\u9632\u76d7\u7b49&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u56fe\u7247\u9632\u76d7\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u6211\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff1a<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=JTaHWDKxXdyQIN1hxC%2FFCQ%3D%3D.5jHoE7y81FJjDebuMiTjaWmiRCD1Kft5XuOqDnpO1m2Cm3bbz97tyMR06zfOMgIG\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u4f60\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u7684 HTTP Referer<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/a\/1190000044158148\">https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/a\/1190000044158148<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u524d\u8a00 \u7528\u8fc7express\u4e0ekoa\u7684\u540c\u5b66\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u5e94\u8be5\u975e\u5e38\u719f\u6089\u4e86\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u62ff\u5230Request\u3001Resp [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10008183","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-share"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10008183","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10008183"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10008183\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10008183"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10008183"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10008183"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}