{"id":10008059,"date":"2023-07-09T16:59:04","date_gmt":"2023-07-09T08:59:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ityet.com\/?p=10008059"},"modified":"2023-07-09T16:59:04","modified_gmt":"2023-07-09T08:59:04","slug":"go-%e5%b9%b6%e5%8f%91%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b-goroutines","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/?p=10008059","title":{"rendered":"Go \u5e76\u53d1\u6a21\u578b\u2014Goroutines"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u524d\u8a00<\/h2>\n

Goroutines \u662f Go<\/a> \u8bed\u8a00\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u539f\u8bed\u3002\u5b83\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u975e\u5e38\u50cf\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b83\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u6210\u672c\u5f88\u4f4e<\/strong>\u3002Go \u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5c06 goroutine \u6709\u6548\u5730\u8c03\u5ea6\u5230\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u6d6a\u8d39\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u521b\u5efa\u5927\u91cf\u7684 goroutine\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e00\u4e2a goroutine\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u5199\u7b80\u5355\u7684\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u5f0f\u7684\u963b\u585e\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cGo \u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4ee3\u7801\u5f80\u5f80\u6bd4\u5176\u5b83\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u7b49\u6548\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u76f4\u63a5\uff0c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\uff08\u8fd9\u70b9\u4ece\u4e0b\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u6211\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cgoroutine \u662f\u5c06 Go \u8fd9\u95e8\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83\u8bed\u8a00\u533a\u5206\u5f00\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5927\u5bb6\u66f4\u559c\u6b22\u7528 Go \u6765\u7f16\u5199\u9700\u8981\u5e76\u53d1\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u8ba8\u8bba\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8e goroutine \u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e9b\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4f60\u5c31\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u5b83\u4eec\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u57fa\u4e8e fork \u548c\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/h2>\n

\"fork_thread.jpeg\"<\/p>\n

\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u6765\u81ea\u591a\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u67b6\u6784\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8ba9\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528 accept\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8c03\u7528 fork \u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7 Beej’s Guide to Network Programming<\/a> \u6307\u5357\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0cfork \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67b6\u6784\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u5f88\u96be\u6309\u7167\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u7f16\u5199\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5e94\u8be5\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

fork \u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u6210\u672c<\/strong>: Linux \u4e0a\u7684 fork \u8c03\u7528\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5f88\u5feb\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4f1a\u5c06\u4f60\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a copy-on-write<\/a>\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u5199\u5165 copy-on-write \u9875\u9762\u90fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7684\u9875\u9762\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u96be\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u5c0f\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u4e5f\u5f88\u6602\u8d35\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u89c4\u6a21<\/strong>: \u5f88\u96be\u5728\u5927\u91cf\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u534f\u8c03\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\uff08\u5982 CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u7b49\uff09\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6d41\u91cf\u6fc0\u589e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u592a\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u4eec\u5c06\u76f8\u4e92\u4e89\u593a CPU\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u9650\u5236\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728 CPU \u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u7f13\u6162\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u963b\u585e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u8d85\u65f6\u673a\u5236\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\uff08\u65e0\u8bba\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67b6\u6784\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u8d85\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u90fd\u662f\u5f88\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u7f13\u89e3\u3002\u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6bd4\u521b\u5efa\u8fdb\u7a0b\u66f4\u201c\u4fbf\u5b9c\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5176\u5b83\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u5728\u5171\u4eab\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u4e5f\u76f8\u5bf9\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u6269\u5c55\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\u3002\u4e0e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4f60\u6b64\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u9650\u5236\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u4e25\u91cd\u7684 CPU \u4e89\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u6162\u901f\u8bf7\u6c42\u8d85\u65f6\u3002\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u56de\u6536\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6765\u7f13\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65e0\u8bba\u4f60\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd8\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f60\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u96be\u4ee5\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u95ee\u9898: \u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff1f<\/strong>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5141\u8bb8\u65e0\u9650\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u7528\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u548c CPU\uff0c\u800c\u6d41\u91cf\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5c0f\u5e45\u6fc0\u589e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9650\u5236\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6700\u5927\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e00\u5806\u7f13\u6162\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5c31\u4f1a\u963b\u585e\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8d85\u65f6\u662f\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4ecd\u7136\u5f88\u96be\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u4f60\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n

\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8<\/h2>\n

\"event-driven.png\"<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e48\u65e2\u7136\u65e0\u6cd5\u8f7b\u6613\u9884\u6d4b\u51fa\u9700\u8981\u591a\u5c11\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u5f53\u5982\u679c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e0e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u89e3\u8026<\/strong>\u65f6\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u903b\u8f91\uff08\u6216\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7684\u3001\u56fa\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6b65\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u5904\u7406\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u4f1a\u600e\u4e48\u6837\uff1f\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd \u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8<\/a> \u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u67b6\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u67b6\u6784\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u56f4\u7ed5 select<\/a> \u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u3002\u540e\u6765\u50cf poll<\/a> \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u673a\u5236\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86 select\uff0c\u4f46\u662f select \u662f\u5e7f\u4e3a\u4eba\u77e5\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u90fd\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u3002select \u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u5217\u8868\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u8bfb\u5199\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u51c6\u5907\u597d\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u62e9\u963b\u585e\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u51c6\u5907\u597d<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n

#include <sys\/select.h>\n#include <poll.h>\n\nint select(int nfds, \n           fd_set *restrict readfds, \n           fd_set *restrict writefds, \n           fd_set *restrict exceptfds, \n           struct timeval *restrict timeout);\n\nint poll(struct pollfd *fds, \n         nfds_t nfds, \n         int timeout);<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u8ddf\u8e2a\u4e00\u4e2a socket \u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u88ab\u963b\u585e\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u4e3b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5b83\u8c03\u7528 select \u6765\u5904\u7406\u6240\u6709\u88ab\u963b\u585e\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3002\u5f53 select \u8fd4\u56de\u65f6\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u77e5\u9053\u54ea\u4e9b\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5b83\u8c03\u7528\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u903b\u8f91\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5f53\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u518d\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5c06\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u8fde\u540c\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\u4e00\u8d77\u6dfb\u52a0\u56de\u201c\u963b\u585e\u201d\u6c60\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6062\u590d\u5b83\u6b63\u5728\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e1c\u897f: \u4e00\u4e2a\u8981\u56de\u8c03\u7684 closure\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u4e2a Promise\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ece\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5176\u5b9e\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u80fd\u8c08\u8bba\u4efb\u4f55\u7279\u5b9a\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u50cf JavaScript
\u8fd9\u6837\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u4e5f\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u9075\u5faa\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u3002Node.js \u66f4\u662f\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u201can event-driven JavaScript runtime, designed to build scalable network applications.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u7eaf\u7cb9\u57fa\u4e8e fork \u6216\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5229\u7528 CPU \u548c\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6765\u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0d\u4f1a\u76f8\u4e92\u4e89\u593a CPU\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u7b49\u4e8e\u5185\u6838\u7684\u6570\u91cf<\/strong>\u3002\u5f53\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7a7a\u95f2\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6548\u3002\u6548\u7387\u5982\u6b64\u4e4b\u9ad8\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u73b0\u5728\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u7f16\u5199\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u8fd9\u542c\u8d77\u6765\u4e0d\u9519\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7f16\u5199\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u573a\u5669\u68a6\u3002\u3002\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u5669\u68a6\uff0c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4f60\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u5728 JavaScript \u4e2d\uff0c\u5f02\u6b65\u51fd\u6570\u901a\u5e38\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a Promise\uff0c\u4f60\u7ed9\u5b83\u9644\u52a0\u56de\u8c03\u3002\u5728 Java gRPC \u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u8981\u5904\u7406\u7684\u662f StreamObserver\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0d\u5c0f\u5fc3\uff0c\u4f60\u6700\u7ec8\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u5f88\u591a\u6df1\u5ea6\u5d4c\u5957\u7684\u201c\u7bad\u5934\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5f88\u5c0f\u5fc3\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u628a\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u7c7b\u5206\u5f00\u4e86\uff0c\u6df7\u6dc6\u4e86\u4f60\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u600e\u6837\uff0c\u4f60\u90fd\u662f\u5728 callback hell<\/a> \u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a Java gRPC \u5b98\u65b9\u6559\u7a0b<\/a> \u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
public void routeChat() throws Exception {\n  info("*** RoutChat");\n  final CountDownLatch finishLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);\n  StreamObserver<RouteNote> requestObserver =\n      asyncStub.routeChat(new StreamObserver<RouteNote>() {\n        @Override\n        public void onNext(RouteNote note) {\n          info("Got message \/"{0}\/" at {1}, {2}", note.getMessage(), note.getLocation()\n              .getLatitude(), note.getLocation().getLongitude());\n        }\n\n        @Override\n        public void onError(Throwable t) {\n          Status status = Status.fromThrowable(t);\n          logger.log(Level.WARNING, "RouteChat Failed: {0}", status);\n          finishLatch.countDown();\n        }\n\n        @Override\n        public void onCompleted() {\n          info("Finished RouteChat");\n          finishLatch.countDown();\n        }\n      });\n\n  try {\n    RouteNote[] requests =\n        {newNote("First message", 0, 0), newNote("Second message", 0, 1),\n            newNote("Third message", 1, 0), newNote("Fourth message", 1, 1)};\n\n    for (RouteNote request : requests) {\n      info("Sending message \/"{0}\/" at {1}, {2}", request.getMessage(), request.getLocation()\n          .getLatitude(), request.getLocation().getLongitude());\n      requestObserver.onNext(request);\n    }\n  } catch (RuntimeException e) {\n    \/\/ Cancel RPC\n    requestObserver.onError(e);\n    throw e;\n  }\n  \/\/ Mark the end of requests\n  requestObserver.onCompleted();\n\n  \/\/ Receiving happens asynchronously\n  finishLatch.await(1, TimeUnit.MINUTES);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e0a\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u5b98\u65b9\u7684\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u6559\u7a0b\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u540c\u6b65\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u63a5\u6536\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u5f02\u6b65\u7684\u3002\u5728 Java \u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684 HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001gRPC\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u4efb\u4f55\u4e1c\u897f\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5f02\u6b65\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u9002\u914d\u5668\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u4e00\u56e2\u7cdf\u3002<\/p>\n
\u540c\u65f6\u8fd9\u91cc\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u9501\u4e5f\u5f88\u5371\u9669\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5c0f\u5fc3\u8de8\u7f51\u7edc\u8c03\u7528\u6301\u6709\u9501\u3002\u9501\u548c\u56de\u8c03\u4e5f\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u72af\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u540c\u6b65\u65b9\u6cd5\u8c03\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd4\u56de ListenableFuture \u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9644\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u8054\u56de\u8c03\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56de\u8c03\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u540c\u6b65\u5757\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5b83\u5d4c\u5957\u5728\u7236\u65b9\u6cd5\u5185\u90e8\u3002<\/p>\n
Goroutines<\/h2>\n
\"goroutine.jpg\"<\/p>\n
\u7ec8\u4e8e\u5230\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e3b\u89d2\u2014\u2014goroutines\u3002\u5b83\u662f Go \u8bed\u8a00\u7248\u672c\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002\u50cf\u5b83\u8bed\u8a00\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\uff1aJava\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a gooutine \u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5806\u6808\u3002goroutine \u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83 goroutine \u5e76\u884c\u6267\u884c\u3002\u4e0e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cgoroutine \u7684\u521b\u5efa\u6210\u672c\u975e\u5e38\u4f4e:\u5b83\u4e0d\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230 OS \u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5806\u6808\u5f00\u59cb\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\uff08\u521d\u59cb\u53ea\u6709 2 K\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u589e\u957f\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a goroutine \u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a closure\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5c06\u5176\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\uff0cGo \u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6709\u4e00\u7ec4\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684 OS \u7ebf\u7a0b\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5185\u6838\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u7528\u5e76\u4e14\u4e00\u4e2a goroutine \u51c6\u5907\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a goroutine \u8c03\u5ea6\u5230\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0a\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd0\u884c\u4f8b\u7a0b\u963b\u585e\u4e86\u50cf mutex \u6216 channel \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5c06\u5b83\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u963b\u585e\u7684\u8fd0\u884c goroutine \u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c31\u7eea\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u4f8b\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a OS \u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e5f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc:\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u672a\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u4e0a\u53d1\u9001\u6216\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u5176 OS \u7ebf\u7a0b\u4ea4\u7ed9\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u542c\u8d77\u6765\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u719f\u6089\uff1fGo \u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u5f88\u50cf\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u5faa\u73af\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e select \u548c\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u5904\u7406\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u963b\u585e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u907f\u514d\u963b\u585e\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8c03\u5ea6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5229\u7528 CPU\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u751f\u6210\u8bb8\u591a goroutine\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e00\u4e2a!\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u521b\u5efa\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6210\u672c\u5f88\u4f4e\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e89\u593a CPU\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u62c5\u5fc3\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u548c\u6267\u884c\u5668\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7b80\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5e72\u51c0\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5f0f\u98ce\u683c\u7f16\u5199\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u963b\u585e\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u5728\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4f46\u4f60\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6548\u7387\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u4e24\u5168\u5176\u7f8e\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u8de8\u6846\u67b6\u7ec4\u5408\u3002\u4f60\u4e0d\u9700\u8981  streamobserver \u548c ListenableFutures \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9002\u914d\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u6765\u81ea Go gRPC \u5b98\u65b9\u6559\u7a0b<\/a> \u7684\u76f8\u540c\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u6bd4 Java \u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7684\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u7406
\u89e3\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u4ee3\u7801\u90fd\u662f\u540c\u6b65\u7684<\/strong>\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a goroutines \u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a for \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528 stream.Recv \u548cstream.Send\u3002\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u56de\u8c03\u3001\u5b50\u7c7b\u6216\u6267\u884c\u5668\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
stream, err := client.RouteChat(context.Background())\nwaitc := make(chan struct{})\ngo func() {\n  for {\n    in, err := stream.Recv()\n    if err == io.EOF {\n      \/\/ read done.\n      close(waitc)\n      return\n    }\n    if err != nil {\n      log.Fatalf("Failed to receive a note : %v", err)\n    }\n    log.Printf("Got message %s at point(%d, %d)", in.Message, in.Location.Latitude, in.Location.Longitude)\n  }\n}()\nfor _, note := range notes {\n  if err := stream.Send(note); err != nil {\n    log.Fatalf("Failed to send a note: %v", err)\n  }\n}\nstream.CloseSend()\n<-waitc<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/h2>\n
\"virtual_threads.png\"<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528 Java \u8fd9\u95e8\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u4f60\u8981\u4e48\u5fc5\u987b\u751f\u6210\u6570\u91cf\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5fc5\u987b\u5904\u7406 Java \u7279\u6709\u7684\u56de\u8c03\u5730\u72f1\u3002\u4ee4\u4eba\u9ad8\u5174\u7684\u662f\uff0cJEP 444<\/a> \u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u4e86 virtual threads<\/a>\uff0c\u8fd9\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5f88\u50cf  Go \u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684 goroutine\u3002<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u6210\u672c\u5f88\u4f4e\u3002JVM \u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u8c03\u5ea6\u5230\u5e73\u53f0\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff08platform threads\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff09\u4e0a\u3002\u5e73\u53f0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5185\u6838\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e73\u53f0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u963b\u585e\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u91ca\u653e\u5b83\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0cJVM
\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5c06\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6\u5230\u5b83\u4e0a\u9762\u3002\u4e0e gooutine \u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6\u662f\u534f\u4f5c\u7684: \u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u6267\u884c\u963b\u585e\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e4b\u524d\u4e0d\u4f1a\u670d\u4ece\u4e8e\u8c03\u5ea6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7d27\u5faa\u73af\u53ef\u4ee5\u65e0\u9650\u671f\u5730\u4fdd\u6301\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/strong>\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u8fd9\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u9650\u5236\u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u66f4\u6df1\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002Go \u4ee5\u524d\u4e5f\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u76f4\u5230 1.14 \u624d\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5b8c\u5168\u62a2\u5360\u5f0f\u8c03\u5ea6\uff08\u53ef\u89c1 GopherCon 2021<\/a>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
Java \u7684\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u89c8\uff0c\u9884\u8ba1\u5728 JDK 21<\/a> \u4e2d\u6210\u4e3a stable\uff08\u5b98\u65b9\u6d88\u606f\u662f\u9884\u8ba1 2023 \u5e74 9 \u6708\u53d1\u5e03\uff09\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u54c8\u54c8\uff0c\u5f88\u671f\u5f85\u5230\u65f6\u5019\u80fd\u5220\u9664\u5927\u91cf\u7684 ListenableFutures\u3002\u6bcf\u5f53\u5f15\u5165\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6216\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7279\u6027\u65f6\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6f2b\u957f\u7684\u8fc1\u79fb\u8fc7\u6e21\u671f\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a Java \u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u8fd8\u662f\u8fc7\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/a\/1190000043988018<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u524d\u8a00 Goroutines \u662f Go \u8bed\u8a00\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u539f\u8bed\u3002\u5b83\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u975e\u5e38\u50cf\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b83\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u6210\u672c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10008059","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-share"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10008059","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10008059"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10008059\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10008059"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10008059"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10008059"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}