{"id":10006842,"date":"2022-11-09T10:32:58","date_gmt":"2022-11-09T02:32:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ityet.com\/?p=10006842"},"modified":"2022-11-09T10:32:58","modified_gmt":"2022-11-09T02:32:58","slug":"go%e4%b8%ad%e8%b0%83%e7%94%a8%e5%a4%96%e9%83%a8%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e7%9a%84%e5%87%a0%e7%a7%8d%e5%a7%bf%e5%8a%bf","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/?p=10006842","title":{"rendered":"Go\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u59ff\u52bf"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5f15\u5b50<\/h2>\n

\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u65f6\u4e0d\u65f6\u5730\u4f1a\u9700\u8981\u5728Go\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u524d\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u6211\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5728\u9489\u9489\u7fa4\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u673a\u5668\u4eba\uff0c@\u8fd9\u4e2a\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u5b83\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5199\u597d\u7684\u811a\u672c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5b8c\u6210\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u5012\u662f\u4e0d\u96be\uff0c\u7167\u7740\u9489\u9489\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6587\u6863\u6dfb\u52a0\u597d\u673a\u5668\u4eba\uff0c\u7136\u540e@\u8fd9\u4e2a\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u5c31\u4f1a\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f60\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2aPOST\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u4f1a\u9644\u5e26\u6587\u672c\u6d88\u606f\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u8981\u505a\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u642d\u4e00\u4e2aWeb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528go\u539f\u751f\u7684net\/http\u5305\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528gin\/fasthttp\/fiber\u8fd9\u4e9bWeb\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u6536\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u9644\u5e26\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53bb\u8c03\u7528\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

go\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684os\/exec\u5305\u5bf9\u8c03\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecdos\/exec\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u59ff\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n

Linux\u4e2d\u6709\u4e2acal<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u793a\u6307\u5b9a\u5e74\u3001\u6708\u7684\u65e5\u5386\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u5e74\u3001\u6708\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5e74\u6708\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662fWindows\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u5b89\u88c5msys2\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684Linux\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5728Go\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u600e\u4e48\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5462\uff1f\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff1a<\/p>\n

func main() {\n  cmd := exec.Command("cal")\n  err := cmd.Run()\n  if err != nil {\n    log.Fatalf("cmd.Run() failed: %v\/n", err)\n  }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8c03\u7528exec.Command<\/code>\u4f20\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\u540d\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5bf9\u8c61exec.Cmd<\/code>\u3002\u63a5\u7740\u8c03\u7528\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684Run()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5b9e\u9645\u8fd0\u884c\u4e86\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u54c8\u54c8\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528os\/exec\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f1a\u88ab\u4e22\u5f03\u3002<\/p>\n
\u663e\u793a\u8f93\u51fa<\/h2>\n
exec.Cmd<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5Stdout<\/code>\u548cStderr<\/code>\uff0c\u7c7b\u578b\u7686\u4e3aio.Writer<\/code>\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4efb\u610f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86io.Writer<\/code>\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8d4b\u7ed9\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u7ee7\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u3002io.Writer<\/code>\u63a5\u53e3\u5728 Go \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u4e2d\u968f\u5904\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982*os.File<\/code>\u3001*bytes.Buffer<\/code>\u3001net.Conn<\/code>\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u7f13\u5b58\u751a\u81f3\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u663e\u793a\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa<\/h3>\n
\u5c06exec.Cmd<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684Stdout<\/code>\u548cStderr<\/code>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u90fd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aos.Stdout<\/code>\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8f93\u51fa\u5185\u5bb9\u90fd\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n
func main() {\n  cmd := exec.Command("cal")\n  cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout\n  cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr\n  err := cmd.Run()\n  if err != nil {\n    log.Fatalf("cmd.Run() failed: %v\/n", err)\n  }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u6211\u5728git bash\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u5982\u4e0b\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n
\"\"<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\u4e86\u4e2d\u6587\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e0b\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cfLANG\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u679c\u7136\u662fzh_CN.UTF-8<\/code>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8f93\u51fa\u82f1\u6587\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cfLANG\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aen_US.UTF-8<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n
$ echo $LANG\nzh_CN.UTF-8\n$ LANG=en_US.UTF-8 go run main.go<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5f97\u5230\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n
\"\"<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n
\u6253\u5f00\u6216\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u53e5\u67c4\u8d4b\u7ed9exec.Cmd<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684Stdout<\/code>\u548cStderr<\/code>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u5373\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
func main() {\n  f, err := os.OpenFile("out.txt", os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREATE, os.ModePerm)\n  if err != nil {\n    log.Fatalf("os.OpenFile() failed: %v\/n", err)\n  }\n\n  cmd := exec.Command("cal")\n  cmd.Stdout = f\n  cmd.Stderr = f\n  err = cmd.Run()\n  if err != nil {\n    log.Fatalf("cmd.Run() failed: %v\/n", err)\n  }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
os.OpenFile<\/code>\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6307\u5b9aos.O_CREATE<\/code>\u6807\u5fd7\u8ba9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61*os.File<\/code>\u3002*os.File<\/code>\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86io.Writer<\/code>\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1a<\/p>\n
$ go run main.go\n$ cat out.txt\n    November 2022   \nSu Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa\n       1  2  3  4  5\n 6  7  8  9 10 11 12\n13 14 15 16 17 18 19\n20 21 22 23 24 25 26\n27 28 29 30<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u7f51\u7edc<\/h3>\n
\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e5\u5386\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u5e74\u3001\u6708\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u8be5\u6708\u7684\u65e5\u5386\u3002<\/p>\n
func cal(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {\n  year := r.URL.Query().Get("year")\n  month := r.URL.Query().Get("month")\n\n  cmd := exec.Command("cal", month, year)\n  cmd.Stdout = w\n  cmd.Stderr = w\n\n  err := cmd.Run()\n  if err != nil {\n    log.Fatalf("cmd.Run() failed: %v\/n", err)\n  }\n}\n\nfunc main() {\n  http.HandleFunc("\/cal", cal)\n  http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u90fd\u7701\u7565\u4e86\u3002\u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cyear\u548cmonth\u53c2\u6570\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u505a\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u6821\u9a8c\u3002exec.Command<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u6536\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53ef\u53d8\u53c2\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n
func Command(name string, arg ...string) *Cmd<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8bf7\u6c42localhost:8080\/cal?year=2021&month=2<\/code>\u5f97\u5230\uff1a<\/p>\n
\"\"<\/p>\n
\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d<\/h3>\n
*bytes.Buffer<\/code>\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86io.Writer<\/code>\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u6545\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a*bytes.Buffer<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8d4b\u7ed9exec.Cmd<\/code>\u7684Stdout<\/code>\u548cStderr<\/code>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8be5*bytes.Buffer<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n
func main() {\n  buf := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)\n  cmd := exec.Command("cal")\n  cmd.Stdout = buf\n  cmd.Stderr = buf\n  err := cmd.Run()\n  if err != nil {\n    log.Fatalf("cmd.Run() failed: %v\/n", err)\n  }\n\n  fmt.Println(buf.String())\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd0\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n
$ go run main.go\n    November 2022   \nSu Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa\n       1  2  3  4  5\n 6  7  8  9 10 11 12\n13 14 15 16 17 18 19\n20 21 22 23 24 25 26\n27 28 29 30<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd0\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5f97\u5230\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6216\u5b57\u8282\u5207\u7247\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u7684\u666e\u904d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f7f\u7528\u4fbf\u5229\uff0cos\/exec<\/code>\u5305\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fbf\u6377\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1aCombinedOutput<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\u5730<\/h3>\n
\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u4f7f\u7528go\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684io.MultiWriter<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9700\u6c42\u3002io.MultiWriter<\/code>\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5c06\u591a\u4e2aio.Writer<\/code>\u8f6c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2aio.Writer<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u7a0d\u5fae\u4fee\u6539\u4e0a\u9762\u7684web\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1a<\/p>\n
func cal(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {\n  year := r.URL.Query().Get("year")\n  month := r.URL.Query().Get("month")\n\n  f, _ := os.OpenFile("out.txt", os.O_CREATE|os.O_WRONLY, os.ModePerm)\n  buf := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)\n  mw := io.MultiWriter(w, f, buf)\n\n  cmd := exec.Command("cal", month, year)\n  cmd.Stdout = mw\n  cmd.Stderr = mw\n\n  err := cmd.Run()\n  if err != nil {\n    log.Fatalf("cmd.Run() failed: %v\/n", err)\n  }\n\n  fmt.Println(buf.String())\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8c03\u7528io.MultiWriter<\/code>\u5c06\u591a\u4e2aio.Writer<\/code>\u6574\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2aio.Writer<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06cmd\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684Stdout<\/code>\u548cStderr<\/code>\u90fd\u8d4b\u503c\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2aio.Writer<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4ea7\u51fa\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4f1a\u5206\u522b\u9001\u5f80http.ResponseWriter<\/code>\u3001*os.File<\/code>\u4ee5\u53ca*bytes.Buffer<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd0\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u8f93\u51fa<\/h2>\n
\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u8f93\u51fa\u3002exec.Cmd<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fbf\u6377\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1aCombinedOutput()<\/code>\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\u5185\u5bb9\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u5207\u7247\u8fd4\u56de\u4fbf\u4e8e\u540e\u7eed\u5904\u7406\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u83b7\u53d6\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n
func main() {\n  cmd := exec.Command("cal")\n  output, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()\n  if err != nil {\n    log.Fatalf("cmd.Run() failed: %v\/n", err)\n  }\n\n  fmt.Println(string(output))\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
So easy!<\/p>\n
CombinedOutput()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5148\u5c06\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230*bytes.Buffer<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u5207\u7247\uff1a<\/p>\n
func (c *Cmd) CombinedOutput() ([]byte, error) {\n  if c.Stdout != nil {\n    return nil, errors.New("exec: Stdout already set")\n  }\n  if c.Stderr != nil {\n    return nil, errors.New("exec: Stderr already set")\n  }\n  var b bytes.Buffer\n  c.Stdout = &b\n  c.Stderr = &b\n  err := c.Run()\n  return b.Bytes(), err\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
CombinedOutput<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u524d\u51e0\u884c\u5224\u65ad\u8868\u660e\uff0cStdout<\/code>\u548cStderr<\/code>\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u672a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u8fd9\u5176\u5b9e\u5f88\u597d\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6253\u7b97\u4f7f\u7528CombinedOutput<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u8f93\u51fa\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u518d\u81ea\u627e\u9ebb\u70e6\u5730\u518d\u53bb\u8bbe\u7f6eStdout<\/code>\u548cStderr<\/code>\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0eCombinedOutput<\/code>\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u8fd8\u6709Output<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u533a\u522b\u662fOutput<\/code>\u53ea\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u8fd0\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u4ea7\u51fa\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5206\u522b\u83b7\u53d6\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef<\/h2>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e24\u4e2a*bytes.Buffer<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u8d4b\u7ed9exec.Cmd<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684Stdout<\/code>\u548cStderr<\/code>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd0\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u5373\u53ef\u5206\u522b\u83b7\u53d6\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n
func main() {\n  cmd := exec.Command("cal", "15", "2012")\n  var stdout, stderr bytes.Buffer\n  cmd.Stdout = &stdout\n  cmd.Stderr = &stderr\n  err := cmd.Run()\n  if err != nil {\n    log.Fatalf("cmd.Run() failed: %v\/n", err)\n  }\n\n  fmt.Printf("output:\/n%s\/nerror:\/n%s\/n", stdout.String(), stderr.String())\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165<\/h2>\n
exec.Cmd<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3aio.Reader<\/code>\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5Stdin<\/code>\u3002\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4f1a\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2aio.Reader<\/code>\u8bfb\u53d6\u8f93\u5165\u3002\u5148\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n
func main() {\n  cmd := exec.Command("cat")\n  cmd.Stdin = bytes.NewBufferString("hello\/nworld")\n  cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout\n  err := cmd.Run()\n  if err != nil {\n    log.Fatalf("cmd.Run() failed: %v\/n", err)\n  }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5e26\u53c2\u6570\u8fd0\u884ccat<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5219\u8fdb\u5165\u4ea4\u4e92\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0ccat<\/code>\u6309\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u539f\u6837\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n
\u518d\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u70b9\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002Go\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2dcompress\/bzip2<\/code>\u5305\u53ea\u63d0\u4f9b\u89e3\u538b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u538b\u7f29\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528Linux\u547d\u4ee4bzip2<\/code>\u5b9e\u73b0\u538b\u7f29\u3002bzip2<\/code>\u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n
func bzipCompress(d []byte) ([]byte, error) {\n  var out bytes.Buffer\n  cmd := exec.Command("bzip2", "-c", "-9")\n  cmd.Stdin = bytes.NewBuffer(d)\n  cmd.Stdout = &out\n  err := cmd.Run()\n  if err != nil {\n    log.Fatalf("cmd.Run() failed: %v\/n", err)\n  }\n\n  return out.Bytes(), nil\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53c2\u6570-c<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u538b\u7f29\uff0c-9<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u538b\u7f29\u7b49\u7ea7\uff0c9\u4e3a\u6700\u9ad8\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u9a8c\u8bc1\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u5199\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5148\u538b\u7f29”hello world”\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u89e3\u538b\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u539f\u6765\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff1a<\/p>\n
func main() {\n  data := []byte("hello world")\n  compressed, _ := bzipCompress(data)\n  r := bzip2.NewReader(bytes.NewBuffer(compressed))\n  decompressed, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(r)\n  fmt.Println(string(decompressed))\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa”hello world”\u3002<\/p>\n
\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/h2>\n
\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5fae\u8c03\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6eENV=production<\/code>\u4f1a\u6291\u5236\u8c03\u8bd5\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002exec.Cmd<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a[]string<\/code>\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5Env<\/code>\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539\u5b83\u6765\u8fbe\u5230\u63a7\u5236\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
package main\n\nimport (\n  "fmt"\n  "log"\n  "os"\n  "os\/exec"\n)\n\nfunc main() {\n  cmd := exec.Command("bash", "-c", ".\/test.sh")\n\n  nameEnv := "NAME=darjun"\n  ageEnv := "AGE=18"\n\n  newEnv := append(os.Environ(), nameEnv, ageEnv)\n  cmd.Env = newEnv\n\n  out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()\n  if err != nil {\n    log.Fatalf("cmd.Run() failed: %v\/n", err)\n  }\n\n  fmt.Println(string(out))\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e0a\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u83b7\u53d6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53c8\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cfNAME<\/code>\u548cAGE<\/code>\u3002\u6700\u540e\u4f7f\u7528bash<\/code>\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672ctest.sh<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n
#!\/bin\/bash\n\necho $NAME\necho $AGE\necho $GOPATH<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n
$ go run main.go \ndarjun\n18\nD:\/workspace\/code\/go<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u68c0\u67e5\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728<\/h2>\n
\u4e00\u822c\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u68c0\u67e5\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u63d0\u793a\u7528\u6237\u5b89\u88c5\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u3002os\/exec<\/code>\u5305\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u51fd\u6570LookPath<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u547d\u4ee4\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2aerror\u3002<\/p>\n
func main() {\n  path, err := exec.LookPath("ls")\n  if err != nil {\n    fmt.Printf("no cmd ls: %v\/n", err)\n  } else {\n    fmt.Printf("find ls in path:%s\/n", path)\n  }\n\n  path, err = exec.LookPath("not-exist")\n  if err != nil {\n    fmt.Printf("no cmd not-exist: %v\/n", err)\n  } else {\n    fmt.Printf("find not-exist in path:%s\/n", path)\n  }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd0\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n
$ go run main.go \nfind ls in path:C:\/Program Files\/Git\/usr\/bin\/ls.exe\nno cmd not-exist: exec: "not-exist": executable file not found in %PATH%<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5c01\u88c5<\/h2>\n
\u6267\u884c\u5916\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u6bd4\u8f83\u56fa\u5b9a\uff1a<\/p>\n