{"id":10006837,"date":"2022-11-08T19:06:11","date_gmt":"2022-11-08T11:06:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ityet.com\/?p=10006837"},"modified":"2022-11-08T19:06:11","modified_gmt":"2022-11-08T11:06:11","slug":"%e3%80%90%e8%b6%85%e8%af%a6%e7%bb%86%e3%80%91zod-%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/?p=10006837","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u8d85\u8be6\u7ec6\u3011Zod \u5165\u95e8\u6559\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"

Zod \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee5 TypeScript \u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u58f0\u660e\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5e93 \uff0c\u5f25\u8865\u4e86 TypeScript \u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u6821\u9a8c\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n

Zod \u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u969c Web Apps \u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5b89\u5168<\/a><\/p>\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u4f1a\u7528\u5341\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5e26\u4f60\u5feb\u901f\u5165\u95e8 Zod\uff0c\u4f53\u4f1a Zod \u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u548c\u4fbf\u5229 \uff5e \u611f\u8c22 Matt Pocock \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684 \u793a\u4f8b<\/a><\/p>\n

\u672c\u6587\u4ed3\u5e93\u5730\u5740\u4f20\u9001\u95e8 \ud83d\udc49<\/a><\/p>\n

\u63d0\u793a\uff1a\u672c\u6587 Star Wars API \u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u6709\u8d85\u65f6\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5982\u9047\u8d85\u65f6\u5219\u91cd\u8bd5\u51e0\u904d\u54c8<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

01 – \u4f7f\u7528 Zod \u8fdb\u884c\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7c7b\u578b\u6821\u9a8c<\/h2>\n

\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n

TypeScript \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u67e5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u603b\u662f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u81ea API \u63a5\u53e3\u6216\u8005\u8868\u5355\u8f93\u5165<\/p>\n

Zod \u5e93\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u5728 \u8fd0\u884c\u65f6<\/code> \u68c0\u67e5\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5b83\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u9879\u76ee\u90fd\u662f\u6709\u7528\u7684<\/p>\n

\u521d\u63a2\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u68c0\u67e5<\/h4>\n

\u770b\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a toString<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n

export const toString = (num: unknow) => {\n    return String(num)\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u5c06 num \u7684\u5165\u53c2\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a unknow<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7f16\u7801\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7ed9 toString<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u4efb\u4f55\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5305\u62ec object \u7c7b\u578b\u6216\u8005 undefined :<\/p>\n
toString('blah')\ntoString(undefined)\ntoString({name: 'Matt'})<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\u8fd8\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u62a5\u9519\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u5728 \u8fd0\u884c\u65f6<\/code> \u9632\u6b62\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u53d1\u751f<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u7ed9 toString<\/code> \u4f20\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u629b\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u793a\u9884\u671f\u4f20\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u4f46\u662f\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/p>\n
it("\u5f53\u5165\u53c2\u4e0d\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u629b\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef", () => {\n  expect(() => toString("123")).toThrowError(\n    "Expected number, received string",\n  );\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4f20\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\uff0ctoString<\/code> \u662f\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u7684<\/p>\n
it("\u5f53\u5165\u53c2\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32", () => {\n    expect(toString(1)).toBeTypeOf("string");\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a numberParser<\/code><\/h4>\n
\u5404\u79cd Parser \u662f Zod \u6700\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4e4b\u4e00<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7 z.number()<\/code> \u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a numberParser<\/code><\/p>\n
\u5b83\u521b\u5efa\u4e86 z.ZodNumber<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n
const numberParser = z.number();<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8fdb numberParser.parse()<\/code> \u540e\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u4f20\u8fdb  numberParser.parse()<\/code> \u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u8f6c\u6210\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u624d\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6dfb\u52a0 numberParser<\/code> , \u66f4\u65b0 toString<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n
\nconst numberParser = z.number();\n\nexport const toString = (num: unknown) => {\n  const parsed = numberParser.parse(num);\n  return String(parsed);\n};\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7c7b\u578b<\/h4>\n
Zod \u4e5f\u5141\u8bb8\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u9a8c<\/p>\n
\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a boolean \u503c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a numberParser<\/code> \u4fee\u6539\u6210 z.boolean()<\/code><\/p>\n
\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u539f\u6709\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u5c31\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u54e6<\/p>\n
Zod \u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002 \u968f\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0 Zod \u6a21\u4eff\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u4f60\u5728 TypeScript \u4e2d\u4e60\u60ef\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 \u8fd9\u91cc<\/a> \u67e5\u770b Zod \u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n
02 – \u4f7f\u7528 Object Schema \u5bf9\u672a\u77e5\u7684 API \u8fdb\u884c\u6821\u9a8c<\/h2>\n
\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n
Zod \u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u6821\u9a8c\u672a\u77e5\u7684 API \u8fd4\u56de\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ece Star Wars API \u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7269\u7684\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n
export const fetchStarWarsPersonName = async (id: string) => {\n  const data = await fetch("<https:\/\/swapi.dev\/api\/people\/>" + id).then((res) =>\n    res.json(),\n  );\n\n  const parsedData = PersonResult.parse(data);\n\n  return parsedData.name;\n};<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u73b0\u5728 PersonResult.parser()<\/code> \u5904\u7406\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662f\u4ece fetch \u8bf7\u6c42\u6765\u7684<\/p>\n
PersonResult<\/code> \u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u7531 z.unknown()<\/code> \u521b\u5efa\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u6570\u636e\u662f\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f unknown<\/code> \u7c7b\u578b\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u91cc\u9762\u5305\u542b\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48<\/p>\n
const PersonResult = z.unknown();<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h4>\n
\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u7528 console.log(data)<\/code> \u6253\u5370\u51fa fetch \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a API \u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u6709\u4eba\u7269\u7684 name \uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u6bd4\u5982 eye_color\uff0cskin_color \u7b49\u7b49\u4e00\u4e9b\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u590d\u8fd9\u4e2a PersonResult<\/code> \u7684 unknown \u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n
\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 z.object<\/code> \u6765\u4fee\u6539 PersonResult<\/h4>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5c06 PersonResult<\/code> \u4fee\u6539\u4e3a z.object<\/code><\/p>\n
\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 key \u548c\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fd9\u4e9b object<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u4e49 name<\/code> \u6210\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/p>\n
const PersonResult = z.object({\n  name: z.string(),\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u70b9\u50cf\u6211\u4eec\u5728 TypeScript \u4e2d\u521b\u5efa interface<\/p>\n
interface PersonResult {\n    name: string;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u68c0\u67e5\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c<\/h4>\n
\u5728 fetchStarWarsPersonName<\/code> \u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684 parsedData<\/code> \u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e86\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u62e5\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a Zod \u80fd\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n
\u91cd\u65b0\u8c03\u7528 API \u6211\u4eec\u4f9d\u7136\u80fd\u591f\u770b\u5230\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n
\u73b0\u5728\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u7528 console.log<\/code> \u6253\u5370 parsedData<\/code>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230 Zod \u5df2\u7ecf\u5e2e\u6211\u4eec\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6389\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684 Key \u4e86\uff0c\u53ea\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec name<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5<\/p>\n
\u66f4\u591a<\/h4>\n
\u4efb\u4f55\u989d\u5916\u52a0\u5165 PersonResult<\/code> \u7684 key \u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230 parsedData<\/code> \u4e2d<\/p>\n
\u80fd\u591f\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u6307\u660e\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a key \u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u662f Zod \u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n
03 – \u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b\u578b\u6570\u7ec4<\/h2>\n
\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f9d\u7136\u4f7f\u7528 Star Wars API\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u62ff\u5230 \u6240\u6709<\/code> \u4eba\u7269\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u8ddf\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u770b\u5230\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0cStarWarsPeopleResults<\/code> \u53d8\u91cf\u4f1a\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a z.unknown()<\/code><\/p>\n
const StarWarsPeopleResults = z.unknown();\n\nexport const fetchStarWarsPeople = async () => {\n  const data = await fetch("https:\/\/swapi.dev\/api\/people\/").then((res) =>\n    res.json(),\n  );\n\n  const parsedData = StarWarsPeopleResults.parse(data);\n\n  return parsedData.results;\n};<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8ddf\u4e4b\u524d\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0 console.log(data)<\/code> \u5230 fetch \u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6570\u636e\u5373\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684 name \u5b57\u6bb5\u611f\u5174\u8da3<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a TypeScript \u7684 interface\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u9700\u8981\u5199\u6210\u8fd9\u6837<\/p>\n
interface Results {\n  results: {\n    name: string;\n  }[];\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f5c\u4e1a<\/h4>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528 object schema \u66f4\u65b0 StarWarsPeopleResults<\/code> \uff0c\u6765\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a StarWarsPerson<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6570\u7ec4<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u8fd9\u91cc<\/a>\u7684\u6587\u6863\u6765\u83b7\u5f97\u5e2e\u52a9<\/p>\n
\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n
\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u89e3\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u996e\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cStarWarsPeopleResults<\/code> \u5c06\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b results<\/code> \u5c5e\u6027\u7684 z.object<\/code><\/p>\n
\u5173\u4e8e results<\/code>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 z.array<\/code> \u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b StarWarsPerson<\/code> \u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7528\u91cd\u590d\u5199 name: z.string()<\/code> \u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u4e86<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
const StarWarsPeopleResults = z.unknown()<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4fee\u6539\u4e4b\u540e<\/p>\n
const StarWarsPeopleResults = z.object({\n  results: z.array(StarWarsPerson),\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec console.log<\/code> \u8fd9\u4e2a parsedData<\/code> \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u671f\u671b\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
\u50cf\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u6837\u58f0\u660e\u6570\u7ec4\u7684 object \u662f z.array()<\/code> \u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4e00\u76f4\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e2a object \u5df2\u7ecf\u521b\u5efa\u597d\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
04 – \u63d0\u53d6\u5bf9\u8c61\u7c7b\u578b<\/h2>\n
\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n
\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 console \u51fd\u6570\u5c06 StarWarsPeopleResults \u6253\u5370\u5230\u63a7\u5236\u53f0<\/p>\n
const logStarWarsPeopleResults = (data: unknown) => {\n  data.results.map((person) => {\n    console.log(person.name);\n  });\n};<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\uff0cdata<\/code> \u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u662f unknown<\/code><\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fee\u590d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n
const logStarWarsPeopleResults = (data: typeof StarWarsPeopleResults)<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7136\u800c\u8fd9\u6837\u8fd8\u662f\u4f1a\u6709\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u662f Zod \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u800c\u4e0d\u662f StarWarsPeopleResults<\/code> \u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u4e1a<\/h4>\n
\u66f4\u65b0 logStarWarsPeopleResults<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u53bb\u63d0\u53d6\u5bf9\u8c61\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n
\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n
\u66f4\u65b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6253\u5370\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 z.infer<\/code> \u5e76\u4e14\u4f20\u9012 typeof StarWarsPeopleResults<\/code> \u6765\u4fee\u590d\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n
const logStarWarsPeopleResults = (\n  data: z.infer<typeof StarWarsPeopleResults>,\n) => {\n  ...<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u73b0\u5728\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5728 VSCode \u4e2d\u628a\u9f20\u6807 hover \u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u4e86 results \u7684 object<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u65b0\u4e86 StarWarsPerson<\/code> \u8fd9\u4e2a schema\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684 data \u4e5f\u4f1a\u540c\u6b65\u66f4\u65b0<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u68d2\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u505a\u5230\u4f7f\u7528 Zod \u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u65f6\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u4e2a\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848<\/h4>\n
\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a StarWarsPeopleResultsType \u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\u5e76\u5c06\u5b83\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5bfc\u51fa<\/p>\n
export type StarWarsPeopleResultsType = z.infer<typeof StarWarsPeopleResults>;<\/code><\/pre>\n
logStarWarsPeopleResults<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u5219\u4f1a\u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\u6210\u8fd9\u6837<\/p>\n
const logStarWarsPeopleResults = (data: StarWarsPeopleResultsType) => {\n  data.results.map((person) => {\n    console.log(person.name);\n  });\n};<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u6837\u522b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5230 StarWarsPeopleResults<\/code> \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8bdd<\/p>\n
05 – \u8ba9 schema \u53d8\u6210\u53ef\u9009\u7684<\/h2>\n
\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n
Zod \u5728\u524d\u7aef\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u662f\u6709\u7528\u7684<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u53eb\u505a validateFormInput<\/code><\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u91cc values<\/code> \u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u662f unknown<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u7279\u522b\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e2a form \u8868\u5355\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6536\u96c6\u4e86 name<\/code> \u548c phoneNumber<\/code> \u4f5c\u4e3a Form<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684 schema<\/p>\n
const Form = z.object({\n  name: z.string(),\n  phoneNumber: z.string(),\n});\n\nexport const validateFormInput = (values: unknown) => {\n  const parsedData = Form.parse(values);\n\n  return parsedData;\n};<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u5982\u679c phoneNumber \u5b57\u6bb5\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u63d0\u4ea4<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u4e1a<\/h4>\n
\u56e0\u4e3a phoneNumber \u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u60f3\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1 phoneNumber \u662f\u5426\u6709\u63d0\u4ea4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7<\/p>\n
\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u975e\u5e38\u76f4\u89c2\uff01
\u5728 phoneNumber<\/code> schema \u540e\u9762\u6dfb\u52a0 .optional()<\/code>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5c06\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7<\/p>\n
const Form = z.object({ name: z.string(), phoneNumber: z.string().optional(), });<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u7684\u662f\uff0c name<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fc5\u586b\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0cphoneNumber<\/code> \u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6216\u8005 undefined<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u518d\u505a\u66f4\u591a\u4ec0\u4e48\u989d\u5916\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e2a schema \u53d8\u6210\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u65b9\u6848<\/p>\n
06 – \u5728 Zod \u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c<\/h2>\n
\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u8ddf\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5f88\u50cf\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u652f\u6301\u53ef\u9009\u503c\u7684 form \u8868\u5355\u8f93\u5165\u6821\u9a8c\u5668<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\uff0cForm<\/code> \u6709\u4e00\u4e2a repoName<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u9009\u6570\u7ec4\u5b57\u6bb5 keywords<\/code><\/p>\n
const Form = z.object({\n  repoName: z.string(),\n  keywords: z.array(z.string()).optional(),\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u5b9e\u9645\u8868\u5355\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e0d\u5fc5\u4f20\u5165\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6570\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u4e1a<\/h4>\n
\u4fee\u6539 Form<\/code> \u4f7f\u5f97\u5f53 keywords<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\u4e3a\u7a7a\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff08\u7a7a\u6570\u7ec4\uff09<\/p>\n
\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n
Zod \u7684 default schema \u51fd\u6570<\/a>\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5f53\u67d0\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u6ca1\u6709\u4f20\u53c2\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528 .default([])<\/code> \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u6570\u7ec4<\/p>\n
\u4fee\u6539\u524d<\/p>\n
keywords: z.array(z.string()).optional()<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4fee\u6539\u540e<\/p>\n
keywords: z.array(z.string()).default([])<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u518d\u4f7f\u7528 optional()<\/code> \uff0coptional \u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u88ab\u5305\u542b\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4fee\u6539\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u5165\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u8f93\u51fa<\/h4>\n
\u5728 Zod \u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u505a\u5230\u4e86\u8f93\u5165\u4e0e\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5730\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u5230\u57fa\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165\u751f\u6210\u7c7b\u578b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u57fa\u4e8e\u8f93\u51fa\u751f\u6210\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n
\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa FormInput<\/code> \u548c FormOutput<\/code> \u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n
type FormInput = z.infer<typeof Form>\ntype FormOutput = z.infer<typeof Form><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4ecb\u7ecd z.input<\/code><\/h4>\n
\u5c31\u50cf\u4e0a\u9762\u5199\u7684\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u7ed9 validateFormInput<\/code> \u4f20\u53c2\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u4f20\u9012 keywords<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 z.input<\/code> \u6765\u66ff\u4ee3 z.infer<\/code> \u6765\u4fee\u6539\u6211\u4eec\u7684 FormInput<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u5219\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u751f\u6210\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
type FormInput = z.input<typeof Form><\/code><\/pre>\n
07 – \u660e\u786e\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u7c7b\u578b<\/h2>\n
\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u6821\u9a8c\u8868\u5355<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\uff0cForm \u8868\u5355\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a privacyLevel<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8 private<\/code> \u6216\u8005 public<\/code> \u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n
const Form = z.object({\n  repoName: z.string(),\n  privacyLevel: z.string(),\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5728 TypeScript \u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u8fd9\u4e48\u5199<\/p>\n
type PrivacyLevel = 'private' | 'public'<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f7f\u7528 boolean \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5f80 PrivacyLevel<\/code> \u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u4e0d\u592a\u5408\u9002\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8054\u5408\u7c7b\u578b\u6216\u8005\u679a\u4e3e\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u66f4\u52a0\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u4e1a<\/h4>\n
\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u62a5\u9519\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7684 validateFormInput<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u6709\u9664\u4e86 “private” \u6216 “public” \u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u503c\u4f20\u5165 PrivacyLevel<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5<\/p>\n
it("\u5982\u679c\u4f20\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u6cd5\u7684 privacyLevel \u503c\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u62a5\u9519", async () => {\n  expect(() =>\n    validateFormInput({\n      repoName: "mattpocock",\n      privacyLevel: "something-not-allowed",\n    }),\n  ).toThrowError();\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f60\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u8981\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a Zod \u7684 API \u6765\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u660e\u786e\u5165\u53c2\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u6765\u8ba9\u6d4b\u8bd5\u80fd\u591f\u987a\u5229\u901a\u8fc7\u3002<\/p>\n
\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n
\u8054\u5408 (Unions) & \u5b57\u9762\u91cf (Literals)<\/h4>\n
\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528 Zod \u7684 \u8054\u5408\u51fd\u6570<\/a>\uff0c\u518d\u4f20\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b “private” \u548c “public” \u5b57\u9762\u91cf<\/a> \u7684\u6570\u7ec4<\/p>\n
const Form = z.object({\n  repoName: z.string(),\n  privacyLevel: z.union([z.literal("private"), z.literal("public")]),\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5b57\u9762\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u5e03\u5c14\u7c7b\u578b\uff1b\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528 z.infer<\/code> \u68c0\u67e5\u6211\u4eec Form<\/code> \u7684\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n
type FormType = z.infer<typeof Form><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728 VS Code \u4e2d\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u628a\u9f20\u6807\u79fb\u5230 FormType \u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230 privacyLevel<\/code> \u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u53ef\u9009\u503c\uff1a”private” \u548c “public”<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u679a\u4e3e<\/h4>\n
\u901a\u8fc7 z.enum<\/code> \u4f7f\u7528 Zod \u679a\u4e3e<\/a>\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u5230\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
const Form = z.object({\n  repoName: z.string(),\n  privacyLevel: z.enum(["private", "public"]),\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bed\u6cd5\u7cd6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u89e3\u6790\u5b57\u9762\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 z.literal<\/code><\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f TypeScript \u4e2d\u7684\u679a\u4e3e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982<\/p>\n
enum PrivacyLevcel {\n    private,\n    public\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u8054\u5408\u7c7b\u578b\u4f1a\u88ab\u521b\u5efa<\/p>\n
\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u628a\u9f20\u6807\u79fb\u5230\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0a\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5305\u542b “private” \u548c “public” \u7684\u8054\u5408\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n
08 – \u590d\u6742\u7684 schema \u6821\u9a8c<\/h2>\n
\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n
\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8868\u5355\u6821\u9a8c\u5668\u51fd\u6570\u5df2\u7ecf\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u5404\u79cd\u503c\u4e86<\/p>\n
\u8868\u5355\u62e5\u6709 name\uff0cemail \u5b57\u6bb5\u8fd8\u6709\u53ef\u9009\u7684 phoneNumber \u548c website \u5b57\u6bb5<\/p>\n
\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u60f3\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e9b\u503c\u505a\u5f3a\u7ea6\u675f<\/p>\n
\u9700\u8981\u9650\u5236\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u80fd\u8f93\u5165\u4e0d\u5408\u6cd5\u7684 URL \u4ee5\u53ca\u7535\u8bdd\u53f7\u7801<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u4e1a<\/h4>\n
\u4f60\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u5bfb\u627e Zod \u7684 API \u6765\u4e3a\u8868\u5355\u7c7b\u578b\u505a\u6821\u9a8c<\/p>\n
\u7535\u8bdd\u53f7\u7801\u9700\u8981\u662f\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u90ae\u7bb1\u5730\u5740\u548c URL \u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u683c\u5f0f<\/p>\n
\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n
Zod \u6587\u6863\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7ae0\u8282<\/a>\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6821\u9a8c\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u987a\u5229\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/p>\n
\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684 Form \u8868\u5355 schema \u4f1a\u662f\u5199\u6210\u8fd9\u6837<\/p>\n
const Form = z.object({\n  name: z.string().min(1),\n  phoneNumber: z.string().min(5).max(20).optional(),\n  email: z.string().email(),\n  website: z.string().url().optional(),\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n
name<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e86 min(1)<\/code>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u7ed9\u5b83\u4f20\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/p>\n
phoneNumber<\/code> \u9650\u5236\u4e86\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u957f\u5ea6\u662f 5 \u81f3 20\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5b83\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u7684<\/p>\n
Zod \u6709\u5185\u5efa\u7684\u90ae\u7bb1\u548c url \u6821\u9a8c\u5668\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u624b\u52a8\u7f16\u5199\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fd9\u6837\u5199 .optional().min()<\/code>\uff0c \u56e0\u4e3aoptional \u7c7b\u578b\u6ca1\u6709 min<\/code> \u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5c06 .optional()<\/code> \u5199\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6821\u9a8c\u5668\u540e\u9762<\/p>\n
\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u6821\u9a8c\u5668\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 Zod \u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u627e\u5230<\/p>\n
09 – \u901a\u8fc7\u7ec4\u5408 schema \u6765\u51cf\u5c11\u91cd\u590d<\/h2>\n
\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n
\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5bfb\u627e\u65b9\u6848\u6765\u91cd\u6784\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u91cd\u590d\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b schema\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1aUser<\/code>, Post<\/code> \u548c Comment<\/code><\/p>\n
const User = z.object({\n  id: z.string().uuid(),\n  name: z.string(),\n});\n\nconst Post = z.object({\n  id: z.string().uuid(),\n  title: z.string(),\n  body: z.string(),\n});\n\nconst Comment = z.object({\n  id: z.string().uuid(),\n  text: z.string(),\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230, id \u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a schema \u90fd\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86<\/p>\n
Zod \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u65b9\u6848\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06 object \u5bf9\u8c61\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u7b26\u5408 DRY<\/code><\/a> \u539f\u5219<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u4e1a<\/h4>\n
\u4f60\u7684\u6311\u6218\u662f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 Zod \u8fdb\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u91cd\u6784\uff0c\u6765\u51cf\u5c11 id \u7684\u91cd\u590d\u7f16\u5199<\/p>\n
\u5173\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u8bed\u6cd5<\/h5>\n
\u4f60\u4e0d\u7528\u62c5\u5fc3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u7684 TypeScript \u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e2a\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a<\/p>\n
Expect<\n  Equal<z.infer<typeof Comment>, { id: string; text: string }>\n><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0cEqual<\/code> \u662f\u786e\u8ba4 z.infer<typeof Comment><\/code> \u548c {id: string; text: string}<\/code> \u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5220\u9664\u6389 Comment<\/code> \u7684 id<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728 VS Code \u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230 Expect<\/code> \u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u62a5\u9519\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb\u4e86<\/p>\n
\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u6784\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u8003\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n
const User = z.object({\n  id: z.string().uuid(),\n  name: z.string(),\n});\n\nconst Post = z.object({\n  id: z.string().uuid(),\n  title: z.string(),\n  body: z.string(),\n});\n\nconst Comment = z.object({\n  id: z.string().uuid(),\n  text: z.string(),\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u6848<\/h4>\n
\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u62bd\u53d6 id<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\u4fdd\u5b58\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a z.object<\/code> \u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u7528\u5b83<\/p>\n
const Id = z.string().uuid();\n\nconst User = z.object({\n  id: Id,\n  name: z.string(),\n});\n\nconst Post = z.object({\n  id: Id,\n  title: z.string(),\n  body: z.string(),\n});\n\nconst Comment = z.object({\n  id: Id,\n  text: z.string(),\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6848\u633a\u4e0d\u9519\uff0c\u4f46\u662f id: ID<\/code> \u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u3002\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e5f\u8fd8\u884c<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u6269\u5c55\uff08Extend\uff09\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h4>\n
\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505a ObjectWithId<\/code> \u7684\u57fa\u7840\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5305\u542b id<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5<\/p>\n
const ObjectWithId = z.object({\n  id: z.string().uuid(),\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6269\u5c55\u65b9\u6cd5<\/a>\u53bb\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684 schema \u6765\u6dfb\u52a0\u57fa\u7840\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n
const ObjectWithId = z.object({\n  id: z.string().uuid(),\n});\n\nconst User = ObjectWithId.extend({\n  name: z.string(),\n});\n\nconst Post = ObjectWithId.extend({\n  title: z.string(),\n  body: z.string(),\n});\n\nconst Comment = ObjectWithId.extend({\n  text: z.string(),\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c.extend()<\/code> \u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u5b57\u6bb5<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u5e76\uff08Merge\uff09\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h4>\n
\u8ddf\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u5e76\u65b9\u6cd5<\/a>\u6765\u6269\u5c55\u57fa\u7840\u5bf9\u8c61 ObjectWithId<\/code> :<\/p>\n
const User = ObjectWithId.merge(\n  z.object({\n    name: z.string(),\n  }),\n);<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 .merge()<\/code> \u4f1a\u6bd4 .extend()<\/code> \u66f4\u52a0\u5197\u957f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u4f20\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b z.string()<\/code> \u7684 z.object()<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n
\u5408\u5e76\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u8054\u5408\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec5\u4ec5\u7528\u6765\u6269\u5c55\u5355\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u5728 Zod \u4e2d\u5c06\u5bf9\u8c61\u7ec4\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u4ee3\u7801\u91cd\u590d\u91cf\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u7b26\u5408 DRY\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u9879\u76ee\u66f4\u6613\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\uff01<\/p>\n
10 – \u901a\u8fc7 schema \u8f6c\u6362\u6570\u636e<\/h2>\n
\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n
Zod \u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5341\u5206\u6709\u7528\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u4ece API \u63a5\u53e3\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7ffb\u56de\u53bb\u770b\u770b Star Wars \u7684\u4f8b\u5b50<\/p>\n
\u60f3\u8d77\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e86 StarWarsPeopleResults<\/code> , \u5176\u4e2d results<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b StarWarsPerson<\/code> schema \u7684\u6570\u7ec4<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4ece API \u83b7\u53d6 StarWarsPerson<\/code> \u7684 name<\/code>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5168\u79f0<\/p>\n
\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u505a\u7684\u662f\u4e3a StarWarsPerson<\/code> \u6dfb\u52a0\u8f6c\u6362<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u4e1a<\/h4>\n
\u4f60\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u7684 StarWarsPerson<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u5c06 name<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\u6309\u7167\u7a7a\u683c\u5206\u5272\u6210\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230 nameAsArray<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d<\/p>\n
\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u5927\u6982\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n
it("\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u6790 name \u548c nameAsArray \u5b57\u6bb5", async () => {\n  expect((await fetchStarWarsPeople())[0]).toEqual({\n    name: "Luke Skywalker",\n    nameAsArray: ["Luke", "Skywalker"],\n  });\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n
\u63d0\u9192\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f StarWarsPerson<\/code> \u5728\u8f6c\u6362\u524d\u7684\u6837\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n
const StarWarsPerson = z.object({\n  name: z.string()\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6c\u6362 (Transformation)<\/h4>\n
\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5728 .object()<\/code> \u4e2d\u7684 name<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6 person<\/code> \u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8f6c\u6362\u5b83\u5e76\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u4e2d<\/p>\n
const StarWarsPerson = z\n  .object({\n    name: z.string(),\n  })\n  .transform((person) => ({\n    ...person,\n    nameAsArray: person.name.split(" "),\n  }));<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728 .transform()<\/code> \u5185\u90e8\uff0cperson<\/code> \u662f\u4e0a\u9762\u5305\u542b name<\/code> \u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6dfb\u52a0\u6ee1\u8db3\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684 nameAsArray<\/code> \u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u53d1\u751f\u5728 StarWarsPerson<\/code> \u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728 fetch<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50<\/h4>\n
Zod \u7684\u8f6c\u6362 API \u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5b83\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u539f\u59cb\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u6362 name<\/code> \u5728 z.object<\/code> \u7684\u5185\u90e8<\/p>\n
const StarWarsPerson = z\n  .object({\n    name: z.string().transform((name) => `Awesome ${name}`)\n  }),\n  ...<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a name<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\u5305\u542b Awesome Luke Skywalker<\/code> \u548c\u4e00\u4e2a nameAsArray<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\u5305\u542b ['Awesome', 'Luke', 'Skywalker']<\/code><\/p>\n
\u8f6c\u6362\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5728\u6700\u5e95\u5c42\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528<\/p>\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u6559\u7a0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u8fd8\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u8865\u5145\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u6536\u85cf \uff5e \u4e5f\u6b22\u8fce\u5404\u4f4d\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u770b\u5b8c\u4e4b\u540e\u80fd\u8ddf\u6211\u4e00\u8d77\u8ba8\u8bba\u6709\u5173\u4e8e Zod \u7684\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u5b9d\u8d35\u610f\u89c1 \uff5e<\/p>\n
\u5f15\u7528\u6587\u732e<\/h4>\n