{"id":10006723,"date":"2022-10-25T04:38:13","date_gmt":"2022-10-24T20:38:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ityet.com\/?p=10006723"},"modified":"2022-10-25T04:38:13","modified_gmt":"2022-10-24T20:38:13","slug":"%e6%9c%ac%e6%83%b3%e6%90%9e%e6%b8%85%e6%a5%9aesm%e5%92%8ccjs%e6%a8%a1%e5%9d%97%e7%9a%84%e4%ba%92%e7%9b%b8%e8%bd%ac%e6%8d%a2%e9%97%ae%e9%a2%98%ef%bc%8c%e6%b2%a1%e6%83%b3%e5%88%b0%e5%86%99%e5%ae%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/?p=10006723","title":{"rendered":"\u672c\u60f3\u641e\u6e05\u695aESM\u548cCJS\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u4e92\u76f8\u8f6c\u6362\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6ca1\u60f3\u5230\u5199\u5b8c\u6211\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u66f4\u591a\u4e86"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote><p>\u672c\u6765\u53ea\u662f\u597d\u5947\u6253\u5305\u5de5\u5177\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8f6c\u6362ESM\u548cCJS\u6a21\u5757\u7684\uff0c\u6ca1\u60f3\u5230\u5e26\u7740\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u9605\u8bfb\u5b8c\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u66f4\u591a\u4e86\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u76ee\u524d\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u6a21\u5757\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e00\u662f<code>Node.js<\/code>\u4e13\u7528\u7684<code>CJS<\/code>\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u548c<code>Node.js<\/code>\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u7684<code>ESM<\/code>\uff0c\u5728<code>ESM<\/code>\u89c4\u8303\u6ca1\u6709\u51fa\u6765\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c<code>Node.js<\/code>\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u7f16\u5199\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u90fd\u662f<code>CJS<\/code>\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u73b0\u5728<code>ESM<\/code>\u5df2\u7ecf\u9010\u6e10\u5728\u66ff\u4ee3<code>CJS<\/code>\u6210\u4e3a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u901a\u7528\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\u6211\u65e9\u671f\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a<code>CJS<\/code>\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u60f3\u628a\u5b83\u8f6c\u6210<code>ESM<\/code>\u8bed\u6cd5\u7528\u6765\u652f\u6301\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7aef\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u73b0\u5728\u4f7f\u7528<code>ESM<\/code>\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\uff0c\u60f3\u8f6c\u6362\u6210<code>CJS<\/code>\u8bed\u6cd5\u7528\u6765\u652f\u6301\u8001\u7248\u7684<code>Node.js<\/code>\uff0c\u8f6c\u6362\u5de5\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982<code>Webpack<\/code>\u3001<code>esbuild<\/code>\u7b49\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u4ed4\u7ec6\u770b\u8fc7\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u7ed3\u679c\u90fd\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u6ca1\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u5c31\u6765\u4e00\u63a2\u7a76\u7adf\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>ESM\u6a21\u5757\u8bed\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<p>\u5148\u6765\u7b80\u5355\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e0b\u5e38\u7528\u7684<code>ESM<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bfc\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">\/\/ esm.js\nexport let name1 = '\u5468\u6770\u4f26'\n\/\/ \u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\nlet name2 = '\u6734\u6811'\nexport {\n    name2\n}\n\/\/ \u91cd\u547d\u540d\nexport {\n    name1 as name3\n}\n\/\/ \u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bfc\u51fa\n\/\/ \u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u53ea\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64export default\u547d\u4ee4\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u6b21\n\/\/ \u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\uff0cexport default\u5c31\u662f\u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505adefault\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u6216\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\uff0c\u5bfc\u5165\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u610f\u540d\u79f0\nexport default '\u534e\u8bed\u4e50\u575b\u7ecf\u5178\u4eba\u7269'<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5bfc\u5165\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">\/\/ \u5177\u540d\u5bfc\u5165\nimport title, { name1, name2, name3, name1 as name4 } from '.\/esm.js';\n\/\/ \u6574\u4f53\u5bfc\u5165\nimport title, * as names from '.\/esm.js';<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>CJS\u6a21\u5757\u8bed\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<p><code>CJS<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u8bed\u6cd5\u4f1a\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u5bfc\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">\/\/ \u65b9\u5f0f\u4e00\nexports.name2 = '\u6734\u6811'\n\/\/ \u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\nmodule.exports.name1 = '\u5468\u6770\u4f26'\n\n\/\/ \u65b9\u5f0f\u4e8c\nmodule.exports = {\n    name1: '\u5468\u6770\u4f26',\n    name2: '\u6734\u6811'\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5bfc\u5165\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">\/\/ \u6574\u4f53\nconst names = require('.\/cjs.js')\nconsole.log(names)\n\/\/ \u89e3\u6784\nconst { name1, name2 } = require('.\/cjs.js')\nconsole.log(name1, name2)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4ece\u6211\u4eec\u8089\u773c\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c<code>CJS<\/code>\u7684<code>exports.xxx<\/code>\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e<code>ESM<\/code>\u7684<code>export let xxx<\/code>\uff0c<code>CJS<\/code>\u7684<code>module.exports = xxx<\/code>\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e<code>ESM<\/code>\u7684<code>export default xxx<\/code>\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5bfc\u5165\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\uff0c<code>ESM<\/code>\u7684<code>import xxx<\/code>\u7684<code>xxx<\/code>\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u53ea\u662f<code>export default xxx<\/code>\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bfc\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5bfc\u5165\u662f\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u7684\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528<code>import * as xxx<\/code>\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f<code>CJS<\/code>\u5176\u5b9e\u65e0\u8bba\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f<code>exports.xxx = <\/code>\u8fd8\u662f<code>module.exports =<\/code>\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u90fd\u662f<code>module.exports<\/code>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5bfc\u5165\u7684\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c<code>CJS<\/code>\u548c<code>ESM<\/code>\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>CJS<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c<code>ESM<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u662f\u503c\u7684\u5f15\u7528<\/li>\n<li><code>CJS<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c<code>ESM<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u662f\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u8f93\u51fa\u63a5\u53e3<\/li>\n<li><code>CJS<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u7684<code>require()<\/code>\u662f\u540c\u6b65\u52a0\u8f7d\u6a21\u5757\uff0c<code>ESM<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u7684<code>import<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5f02\u6b65\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u9636\u6bb5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5728\u5b83\u4eec\u4e24\u8005\u4e92\u76f8\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u5462\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528<a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=bs251YdSaoIxxiU41Gd7kw%3D%3D.yM6EgnVfZO6Aza7brEiEnoy9jZx9CYN3UIKAG9fQ%2BMg%3D\" rel=\"nofollow\">esbuild<\/a>\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u7528<code>webpack<\/code>\u5462\uff0c\u65e0\u4ed6\uff0c\u552f\u7b80\u5355\u5c14\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u5b83\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">npm install esbuild<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">\/\/ build.js\nrequire(&quot;esbuild&quot;).buildSync({\n  entryPoints: [''],\/\/ \u5f85\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\n  outfile: &quot;out.js&quot;,\n  format: '',\/\/ \u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u683c\u5f0f\uff0ccjs\u3001esm\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8f93\u5165<code>node .\/build.js<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u5373\u53ef\u770b\u5230\u8f6c\u6362\u7ed3\u679c\u88ab\u8f93\u51fa\u5728<code>out.js<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>ESM\u8f6cCJS<\/h2>\n<h3>\u8f6c\u6362\u5bfc\u51fa<\/h3>\n<p>\u5f85\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">export let name1 = '\u5468\u6770\u4f26'\nlet name2 = '\u6734\u6811'\nexport {\n    name2\n}\nexport {\n    name1 as name3\n}\nexport default '\u534e\u8bed\u4e50\u575b\u7ecf\u5178\u4eba\u7269'<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u8f6c\u6362\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u5bfc\u51fa\u8bed\u53e5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">module.exports = __toCommonJS(esm_exports);<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662f\u8c03\u7528<code>__toCommonJS<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5148\u6765\u770b\u770b\u53c2\u6570<code>esm_exports<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">var esm_exports = {};\n__export(esm_exports, {\n  default: () =&gt; esm_default,\n  name1: () =&gt; name1,\n  name2: () =&gt; name2,\n  name3: () =&gt; name1\n});\nlet name1 = &quot;\u5468\u6770\u4f26&quot;;\nlet name2 = &quot;\u6734\u6811&quot;;\nvar esm_default = &quot;\u534e\u8bed\u4e50\u575b\u7ecf\u5178\u4eba\u7269&quot;;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5148\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u5bf9\u8c61<code>esm_exports<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8c03\u7528\u4e86<code>__export<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">var __defProp = Object.defineProperty;\nvar __export = (target, all) =&gt; {\n  \/\/ \u904d\u5386\u5bf9\u8c61\n  for (var name in all)\n    \/\/ \u7ed9\u5bf9\u8c61\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5c5e\u6027\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u51fd\u6570get\u4e3aall\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\u8be5\u5c5e\u6027\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8be5\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u503c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\n    __defProp(target, name, { get: all[name], enumerable: true });\n};<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u6240\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u5c31\u662f\u7ed9<code>esm_exports<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u56db\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u5f88\u660e\u663e\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528<code>ESM<\/code>\u7684<code>export<\/code>\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c<code>export default<\/code>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bfc\u51fa\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505a<code>default<\/code>\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7279\u522b\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">export default a\n\/\/ \u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\nexport {\n    a as default\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4f1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u6210\u540d\u4e3a<code>default<\/code>\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f88\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053<code>CJS<\/code>\u7684\u5bfc\u51fa\u5176\u5b9e\u662f<code>module.exports<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528<code>ESM<\/code>\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u90fd\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\u6765\u5bfc\u51fa\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u770b\u5176\u4e2d\u4e24\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>1.\u6dfb\u52a0\u5c5e\u6027\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528<code>esm_exports.xxx<\/code>\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u6dfb\u52a0\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528<code>Object.defineProperty<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ea\u7ed9\u5c5e\u6027\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u53d6\u503c\u51fd\u6570<code>get<\/code>\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9a\u4e49\u8d4b\u503c\u51fd\u6570<code>set<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740<code>esm_exports<\/code>\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u503c\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u5176\u5b9e\u662f<code>CommonJS<\/code>\u548c<code>ESM<\/code>\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u70b9\uff1a<code>ESM<\/code>\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u800c<code>CJS<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e9b<code>ESM<\/code>\u505a\u6cd5\u90fd\u662f\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">import * as names from '.\/esm.js';\nnames.name1 = '\u8bb8\u5dcd';\/\/ \u62a5\u9519\n\nimport title, { name1, name2, name3, name1 as name4 } from '.\/esm.js';\ntitle = '\u8bb8\u5dcd';\/\/ \u62a5\u9519\nname1 = '\u8bb8\u5dcd';\/\/ \u62a5\u9519<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u800c<code>CJS<\/code>\u4e0d\u4f1a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">const names = require('.\/cjs.js');\nnames.name1 = 1;\/\/ \u6210\u529f\n\nlet { name1, name2 } = require(&quot;.\/cjs.js&quot;);\nname1 = 1;\/\/ \u6210\u529f<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>2.\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u65f6\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528<code>value<\/code>\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">var __export = (target, all) =&gt; {\n  for (var name in all)\n    __defProp(target, name, { value: all[name], enumerable: true });\n};\n\n__export(esm_exports, {\n  default: esm_default,\n  name1: name1,\n  name2: name2,\n  name3: name1,\n  setName1: setName1\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u800c\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86<code>get<\/code>\u53d6\u503c\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u540c\u540d\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u8fd9\u5176\u5b9e\u53c8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u70b9\u4e86\uff1a<code>CJS<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c<code>ESM<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u662f\u503c\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\u5728<code>ESM<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">\/\/ esm.js\nexport let name = '\u5468\u6770\u4f26'\nexport const setName = (newName) =&gt; {\n    name = newName\n}\n\n\/\/ other.js\nimport { name, setName } form '.\/esm.js'\nconsole.log(name)\/\/ \u5468\u6770\u4f26\nsetName('\u8bb8\u5dcd')\nconsole.log(name)\/\/ \u8bb8\u5dcd<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5bfc\u5165\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u503c\u4e5f\u8ddf\u7740\u53d8\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728<code>CJS<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">\/\/ cjs.js\nlet name = '\u5468\u6770\u4f26'\nconst setName = (newName) =&gt; {\n    name = newName\n}\nmodule.exports = {\n    name,\n    setName\n}\n\n\/\/ other.js\nlet { name, setName } = require(&quot;.\/cjs.js&quot;)\nconsole.log(name)\/\/ \u5468\u6770\u4f26\nsetName('\u8bb8\u5dcd')\nconsole.log(name)\/\/ \u5468\u6770\u4f26<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6b63\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u624d\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e<code>get<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5b9e\u65f6\u53d6\u503c\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8f6c\u6362\u6210<code>CJS<\/code>\u540e\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u53ea\u62f7\u8d1d\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u53d8\u5316\u4e86\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u518d\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56de\u5230\u8fd9\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">module.exports = __toCommonJS(esm_exports);<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u770b\u5b8c\u4e86<code>esm_exports<\/code>\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u770b\u770b<code>__toCommonJS<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">var __toCommonJS = (mod) =&gt; __copyProps(__defProp({}, &quot;__esModule&quot;, { value: true }), mod);<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528<code>Object.defineProperty<\/code>\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a<code>__esModule=true<\/code>\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u5bfc\u5165\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5224\u65ad\u7684\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8c03\u7528\u4e86<code>__copyProps<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">var __getOwnPropNames = Object.getOwnPropertyNames;\/\/ \u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5b9a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6240\u6709\u81ea\u8eab\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u540d\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u4e0d\u53ef\u679a\u4e3e\u5c5e\u6027\u4f46\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec Symbol \u503c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff09\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\nvar __hasOwnProp = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;\/\/ \u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e03\u5c14\u503c\uff0c\u6307\u793a\u5bf9\u8c61\u81ea\u8eab\u5c5e\u6027\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5177\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u952e\uff09\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u5ffd\u7565\u6389\u90a3\u4e9b\u4ece\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u4e0a\u7ee7\u627f\u5230\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\nvar __getOwnPropDesc = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor;\/\/ \u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5b9a\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u3002\uff08\u81ea\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\u6307\u7684\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u8d4b\u4e88\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff09\n\nvar __copyProps = (to, from, except, desc) =&gt; {\n  if (from &amp;&amp; typeof from === &quot;object&quot; || typeof from === &quot;function&quot;) {\n    for (let key of __getOwnPropNames(from))\n      if (!__hasOwnProp.call(to, key) &amp;&amp; key !== except)\n        __defProp(to, key, { get: () =&gt; from[key], enumerable: !(desc = __getOwnPropDesc(from, key)) || desc.enumerable });\n  }\n  return to;\n};<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u662f\u628a<code>from<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\u90fd\u5728<code>to<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4efd\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5982\u679c<code>to<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\u5b58\u5728\u540c\u540d\u5c5e\u6027\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u5982\u4e0b\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">\/\/ cjs.js\nexport let foo = 1\n\n\/\/ cjsUse.js\nexport * from '.\/cjs.js'\n\nexport let foo = 2<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b58\u5728\u540c\u540d\u5bfc\u51fa\uff0c<code>cjsUse<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6<code>cjs<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u540c\u540d\u5bfc\u51fa\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6700\u7ec8\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684<code>foo=2<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u65f6\u4f1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65b0\u6dfb\u52a0\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53d6\u503c\u51fd\u6570<code>get<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e3a<code>from<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8be5\u5c5e\u6027\u503c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u8bbe\u7f6e<code>get<\/code>\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u503c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\u5c31\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u628a<code>esm_exports<\/code>\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u90fd\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u65b0\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8bbf\u95ee\u8be5\u65b0\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u65f6\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6700\u7ec8\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u8fd8\u662f<code>from<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8be5\u5c5e\u6027\u503c\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5bf9\u5916\u5bfc\u51fa\u8be5\u65b0\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u767e\u601d\u4e0d\u5f97\u89e3\u554a1\uff1a\u4e3a\u5565\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5bfc\u51fa<code>esm_exports<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u5462\uff1f<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c<code>ESM<\/code>\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bfc\u51fa<code>CJS<\/code>\u662f\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7684\uff0c\u5728<code>ESM<\/code>\u4e2d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bfc\u51fa\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e48\u5bfc\u5165\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">import defaultValue from 'xxx'<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u8f6c\u6210<code>CJS<\/code>\u540e\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fd9\u6837\u5bfc\u5165\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">const defaultValue = require('xxx')<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u800c\u662f\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7<code>.default<\/code>\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u624d\u80fd\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u771f\u6b63\u7684<code>defaultValue<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">const importData = require('xxx')\nconsole.log(importData.default)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\u8bdd\u8fd8\u662f\u5c3d\u91cf\u5c11\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bfc\u51fa\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u8f6c\u6362\u5bfc\u5165<\/h3>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u770b\u770b\u5bfc\u5165\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">import title, { name1, name2, name3, name1 as name4 } from &quot;.\/esm.js&quot;;\nconsole.log(title, name1, name2, name3, name4);<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8f6c\u6362\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">var import_esm = __toESM(require(&quot;.\/esm.js&quot;));\nconsole.log(import_esm.default, import_esm.name1, import_esm.name2, import_esm.name3, import_esm.name1);<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5bf9\u5bfc\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8c03\u7528\u4e86<code>__toESM<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">var __create = Object.create;\/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u539f\u578b\uff08prototype\uff09\nvar __defProp = Object.defineProperty;\nvar __getProtoOf = Object.getPrototypeOf;\/\/ \u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5b9a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u539f\u578b\uff08\u5185\u90e8[[Prototype]]\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u503c\uff09\n\nvar __toESM = (mod, isNodeMode, target) =&gt; (\n  \/\/ \u5bfc\u5165\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u539f\u578b\u4e3a\u539f\u578b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f5c\u4e3atarget\n  (target = mod != null ? __create(__getProtoOf(mod)) : {}),\n  \/\/ \u5c06\u5bfc\u5165\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230target\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\n  __copyProps(\n    isNodeMode || !mod || !mod.__esModule\n      ? __defProp(target, &quot;default&quot;, { value: mod, enumerable: true })\n      : target,\n    mod\n  )\n);<\/code><\/pre>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u767e\u601d\u4e0d\u5f97\u89e3\u554a2\uff1a\u4e3a\u5565\u8981\u4ee5\u5bfc\u5165\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u539f\u578b\u4e3a\u539f\u578b\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5bf9\u8c61\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u767e\u601d\u4e0d\u5f97\u89e3\u554a3\uff1a\u4e3a\u5565\u5bfc\u5165\u4e5f\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4e5f\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u628a\u5bfc\u5165\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u5728\u8f6c\u6362\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u7ed9\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a<code>__esModule=true<\/code>\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u7528\u5230\u4e86\uff0c\u4e3a<code>true<\/code>\u5c31\u4ee3\u8868\u8be5\u6a21\u5757\u662f<code>ESM<\/code>\u8f6c\u6362\u800c\u6210\u7684<code>CJS<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u539f\u59cb\u7684<code>CJS<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bdd\u4f1a\u7ed9<code>target<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a<code>default<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u5bfc\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3a\u5565\u5462\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u517c\u5bb9\u5bfc\u5165\u539f\u59cb\u7684<code>CJS<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">\/\/ \u5bfc\u51fa\nexport default class Person {}\n\/\/ \u5bfc\u5165\nimport Person from 'x'\nnew Person()<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8f6c\u6362\u6210<code>CJS<\/code>\u4ee5\u540e\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">\/\/ \u5bfc\u51fa\nmodule.exports = {\n    default: () =&gt; Person\n}\n\/\/ \u5bfc\u5165\nconst res = require('x')\nnew res.default()<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c<code>x<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u4e0d\u662f\u7531<code>ESM<\/code>\u8f6c\u6362\u800c\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a<code>CJS<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">module.exports = Person<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48<code>res<\/code>\u5c31\u662f\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u518d\u83b7\u53d6\u5b83\u7684<code>default<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\u663e\u7136\u662f\u4e0d\u5bf9\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a<code>default<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\u6765\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>CJS\u8f6cESM<\/h2>\n<h3>\u8f6c\u6362\u5bfc\u51fa<\/h3>\n<p>\u5f85\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">module.exports.name1 = '\u5468\u6770\u4f26'\nexports.name2 = '\u6734\u6811'<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8f6c\u6362\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">\/\/ ...\nexport default require_cjs();<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bfc\u51fa\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5177\u540d\u5bfc\u51fa\u5462\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a<code>require<\/code>\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u5f88\u7c7b\u4f3c<code>import xxx<\/code>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bfc\u5165\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u8f6c\u6210\u5177\u540d\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e0d\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5982\u4e0b\u5bfc\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">const res = {\n    name1: '\u5468\u6770\u4f26'\n}\nmodule.exports = res\nif (Math.random() &gt; 0.5) {\n    res.name2 = '\u8bb8\u5dcd'\n} else {\n    res.name3 = '\u6734\u6811'\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0d\u5b9e\u9645\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u538b\u6839\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6700\u7ec8\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u662f\u5565\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5177\u540d\u5bfc\u51fa\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bfc\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6211\u53ea\u7ba1\u5bfc\u51fa<code>module.exports<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u81f3\u4e8e\u5b83\u4e0a\u9762\u90fd\u6709\u5565\u5c31\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u770b\u770b<code>require_cjs<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">var __getOwnPropNames = Object.getOwnPropertyNames;\nvar __commonJS = (cb, mod) =&gt;\n  function __require() {\n    return (\n      mod ||\n        (0, cb[__getOwnPropNames(cb)[0]])((mod = { exports: {} }).exports, mod),\n      mod.exports\n    );\n  };\nvar require_cjs = __commonJS({\n  &quot;cjs.js&quot;(exports, module) {\n    module.exports.name1 = &quot;\/u5468\/u6770\/u4F26&quot;;\n    exports.name2 = &quot;\/u6734\/u6811&quot;;\n  },\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n<blockquote><p>\u767e\u601d\u4e0d\u5f97\u89e3\u554a4\uff1a\u4e3a\u5565\u8981\u641e\u6210\u8fd9\u4e48\u5947\u602a\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u4f20\u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u884c\u5417\uff1f<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a<code>CJS<\/code>\u7684\u5bfc\u51fa\u5c31\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u5728<code>module.exports<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\u6dfb\u52a0\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u91cd\u5199<code>module.exports<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u539f\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u653e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u91cc\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f20\u5165<code>module<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c<code>exports<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u65e0\u9700\u5173\u5fc3\u4ee3\u7801\u90fd\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u6700\u540e\u5bfc\u51fa<code>module.exports<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd8\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f<code>CJS<\/code>\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5bfc\u5165\u65f6\u4f1a\u53bb\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u6570\u636e\u540e\u5c31\u4f1a\u628a\u5b83\u7f13\u5b58\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u518d\u5bfc\u5165\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u7f13\u5b58\u91cc\u83b7\u53d6\u5bfc\u51fa\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f<code>CJS<\/code>\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e<code>ESM<\/code>\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u8f6c\u6362\u5bfc\u5165<\/h3>\n<p>\u5f85\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">const res = require('.\/cjs.js')\nconsole.log(res);<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8f6c\u6362\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000042680575\" alt=\"\" title=\"\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p>\u62a5\u9519\u4e86\uff0c\u63d0\u793a\u76ee\u524d\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5c06<code>require<\/code>\u8f6c\u6362\u6210<code>esm<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3a\u5565\u5462\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a<code>require<\/code>\u662f\u540c\u6b65\u7684\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a8\u6001\u5bfc\u5165\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u5bfc\u5165\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u975e\u9876\u5c42\uff0c\u628a\u5b83\u5f53\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u51fd\u6570\u770b\u5f85\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u4f46\u662f<code>import<\/code>\u5bfc\u5165\u4e0d\u884c\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u9759\u6001\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u9876\u5c42\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u600e\u4e48\u529e\u5462\uff0c\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u628a<code>require<\/code>\u5e72\u6389\u5c31\u884c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u6240\u6709\u6a21\u5757\u90fd\u6253\u5305\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u88ab\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e24\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">\/\/ cjs.js\nmodule.exports = {\n    name1: '\u5468\u6770\u4f26',\n    name2: '\u6734\u6811'\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">\/\/ cjs2.js\nmodule.exports = {\n    name3: '\u8bb8\u5dcd',\n    name4: '\u6881\u535a'\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5bfc\u5165\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">const res = require('.\/cjs.js')\nconsole.log(res);\n\nconst res2 = require('.\/cjs2.js')\nconsole.log(res2);\n\nmodule.exports = {\n    res,\n    res2\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u4fee\u6539\u4e00\u4e0b\u6211\u4eec\u6267\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u7684<code>build.js<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">\/\/ build.js\nrequire(&quot;esbuild&quot;).buildSync({\n  entryPoints: [''],\n  outfile: &quot;out.js&quot;,\n  format: '',\n  bundle: true\/\/ ++\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u518d\u8f6c\u6362\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u4e86\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"js\">\/\/ ...\n\/\/ cjs.js\nvar require_cjs = __commonJS({\n  &quot;cjs.js&quot;(exports, module) {\n    module.exports.name1 = &quot;\/u5468\/u6770\/u4F26&quot;;\n    exports.name2 = &quot;\/u6734\/u6811&quot;;\n  }\n});\n\n\/\/ cjs2.js\nvar require_cjs2 = __commonJS({\n  &quot;cjs2.js&quot;(exports, module) {\n    module.exports = {\n      name3: &quot;\/u8BB8\/u5DCD&quot;,\n      name4: &quot;\/u6881\/u535A&quot;\n    };\n  }\n});\n\n\/\/ cjsUse.js\nvar require_cjsUse = __commonJS({\n  &quot;cjsUse.js&quot;(exports, module) {\n    var res = require_cjs();\n    console.log(res);\n    var res2 = require_cjs2();\n    console.log(res2);\n    module.exports = {\n      res,\n      res2\n    };\n  }\n});\nexport default require_cjsUse();<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5176\u5b9e\u548c\u8f6c\u6362\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u90fd\u4f1a\u5305\u88f9\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u91cc\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u4f1a\u6302\u8f7d\u5230<code>module.exports<\/code>\u4e0a\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u6a21\u5757\u5185\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd8\u662f\u5bfc\u51fa\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<p>\u6e29\u99a8\u63d0\u9192\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u7eaf\u7cb9\u662f\u7b14\u8005\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6b63\u786e~\u53e6\u5916\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u6362\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6c\u6362\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982<code>babel<\/code>\u3001<code>rollup<\/code>\u7b49\u53ef\u80fd\u53c8\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u81ea\u884c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>ESM<\/code>\u8f6c<code>CJS<\/code>\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u6302\u8f7d\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\uff0c\u7136\u540e<code>module.exports<\/code>\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5bfc\u5165\u7684\u8bdd\u4f1a\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u7ecf<code>ESM<\/code>\u8f6c\u6362\u7684<code>CJS<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u539f\u59cb\u7684<code>CJS<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u539f\u59cb<code>CJS<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u8bdd\u4f1a\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a<code>default<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\u6765\u4fdd\u5b58\u5bfc\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u975e\u539f\u59cb<code>CJS<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u8bdd\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u5c5e\u6027\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u65b0\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bfc\u5165\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>CJS<\/code>\u8f6c<code>CSM<\/code>\uff1a\u5c06\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5305\u88f9\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5185\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f20\u5165<code>module<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c<code>module.exports<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a<code>module.exports<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u901a\u8fc7\u9ad8\u9636\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6765\u589e\u52a0\u7f13\u5b58\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u8f6c\u6362\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u8bdd\u76f4\u63a5<code>export default<\/code>\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5bfc\u5165\u7684\u8bdd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5355\u72ec\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u90fd\u6253\u5305\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e5f\u5c31\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u8f6c\u6362\u540e\u7684<code>import<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/a\/1190000042680573\">https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/a\/1190000042680573<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u672c\u6765\u53ea\u662f\u597d\u5947\u6253\u5305\u5de5\u5177\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8f6c\u6362ESM\u548cCJS\u6a21\u5757\u7684\uff0c\u6ca1\u60f3\u5230\u5e26\u7740\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u9605\u8bfb\u5b8c\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u66f4\u591a\u4e86\u3002 \u76ee [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10006723","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10006723","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10006723"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10006723\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10006723"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10006723"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10006723"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}