{"id":10006340,"date":"2022-08-29T17:10:58","date_gmt":"2022-08-29T09:10:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ityet.com\/?p=10006340"},"modified":"2022-08-29T17:10:58","modified_gmt":"2022-08-29T09:10:58","slug":"%e9%9d%a2%e8%af%95%e7%aa%81%e5%87%bb78%ef%bc%9aautowired-%e5%92%8c-resource-%e6%9c%89%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e5%8c%ba%e5%88%ab%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/?p=10006340","title":{"rendered":"\u9762\u8bd5\u7a81\u51fb78\uff1a@Autowired \u548c @Resource \u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>@Autowired \u548c @Resource \u90fd\u662f Spring\/Spring Boot \u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u6ce8\u89e3\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5c06\u4f9d\u8d56\u5bf9\u8c61\u6ce8\u5165\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8c\u8005\u5374\u6709\u4f17\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9762\u8bd5\u9898\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u5c31\u6765\u76d8\u5b83\u3002<br \/>@Autowired \u548c @Resource \u7684\u533a\u522b\u4e3b\u8981\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b 5 \u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u6765\u6e90\u4e0d\u540c\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4f9d\u8d56\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0d\u540c\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u652f\u6301\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u540c\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668 IDEA \u7684\u63d0\u793a\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>1.\u6765\u6e90\u4e0d\u540c<\/h2>\n<p><strong>@Autowired \u548c @Resource \u6765\u81ea\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u201c\u7236\u7c7b\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d @Autowired \u662f Spring \u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6ce8\u89e3\uff0c\u800c @Resource \u662f Java \u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6ce8\u89e3\uff0c\u5b83\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e JSR-250\uff08Java 250 \u89c4\u8303\u63d0\u6848\uff09\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u5c0f\u77e5\u8bc6\uff1aJSR \u662f Java Specification Requests \u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u610f\u601d\u662f\u201cJava \u89c4\u8303\u63d0\u6848\u201d\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4ea4 JSR \u7ed9 Java \u5b98\u65b9\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u6709\u6700\u7ec8\u786e\u5b9a\u7684 JSR\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u4ee5 JSR-XXX \u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03\uff0c\u5982 JSR-250\uff0c\u800c\u88ab\u53d1\u5e03\u7684 JSR \u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662f Java \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u6216\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>2.\u4f9d\u8d56\u67e5\u627e\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0d\u540c<\/h2>\n<p>\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5148\u5728 Spring IoC \u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u518d\u5c06\u5bf9\u8c61\u6ce8\u5165\u5f15\u5165\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u7c7b\u4e2d\u3002\u800c\u67e5\u627e\u6709\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a\u6309\u540d\u79f0\uff08byName\uff09\u67e5\u627e\u6216\u6309\u7c7b\u578b\uff08byType\uff09\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d @Autowired \u548c @Resource \u90fd\u662f\u65e2\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u540d\u79f0\u67e5\u627e\u53c8\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u7c7b\u578b\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8c\u8005\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u5374\u622a\u7136\u76f8\u53cd\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2.1 @Autowired \u67e5\u627e\u987a\u5e8f<\/h3>\n<p><strong>@Autowired \u662f\u5148\u6839\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff08byType\uff09\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u4e2a Bean \u518d\u6839\u636e\u540d\u79f0\uff08byName\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u627e<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u67e5\u627e\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000042392010\" alt=\"image.png\" title=\"image.png\" loading=\"lazy\"><br \/>\u5173\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u770b Spring \u6e90\u7801\u4e2d\u7684 org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor#postProcessPropertyValues \u5b9e\u73b0\u5206\u6790\u5f97\u51fa\uff0c\u6e90\u7801\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000042392011\" alt=\"image.png\" title=\"image.png\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<h3>2.2 @Resource \u67e5\u627e\u987a\u5e8f<\/h3>\n<p><strong>@Resource \u662f\u5148\u6839\u636e\u540d\u79f0\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\uff08\u6839\u636e\u540d\u79f0\uff09\u67e5\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u518d\u6839\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u627e<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000042392012\" alt=\"image.png\" title=\"image.png\" loading=\"lazy\"><br \/>\u5173\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6d41\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 Spring \u6e90\u7801\u7684 org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor#postProcessPropertyValues \u4e2d\u5206\u6790\u5f97\u51fa\u3002\u867d\u7136 @Resource \u662f JSR-250 \u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7531 Spring \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6e90\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000042392013\" alt=\"image.png\" title=\"image.png\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<h3>2.3 \u67e5\u627e\u987a\u5e8f\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<p>\u7531\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>@Autowired \u5148\u6839\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff08byType\uff09\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\uff08Bean\uff09\u518d\u6839\u636e\u540d\u79f0\uff08byName\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u627e\uff1b<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>@Resource \u5148\u6839\u636e\u540d\u79f0\uff08byName\uff09\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\uff08\u6839\u636e\u540d\u79f0\uff09\u67e5\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u518d\u6839\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff08byType\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u627e\u3002<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>3.\u652f\u6301\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u540c<\/h2>\n<p>@Autowired \u548c @Resource \u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7ed9 @Resource \u6ce8\u89e3\u8bbe\u7f6e name \u548c type \u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"java\">@Resource(name = &quot;userinfo&quot;, type = UserInfo.class)\nprivate UserInfo user;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f46<strong>\u4e8c\u8005\u652f\u6301\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4ee5\u53ca\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d @Autowired \u53ea\u652f\u6301\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a required \u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u800c @Resource \u652f\u6301 7 \u4e2a\u53c2\u6570<\/strong>\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a<br \/>  <img decoding=\"async\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000042392014\" alt=\"image.png\" title=\"image.png\" loading=\"lazy\"><br \/>  <img decoding=\"async\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000042392015\" alt=\"image.png\" title=\"image.png\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<h2>4.\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4e0d\u540c<\/h2>\n<p>@Autowired \u548c @Resource \u652f\u6301\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b 3 \u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5c5e\u6027\u6ce8\u5165<\/li>\n<li>\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u6ce8\u5165<\/li>\n<li>Setter \u6ce8\u5165<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u8fd9 3 \u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>a) \u5c5e\u6027\u6ce8\u5165<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"java\">@RestController\npublic class UserController {\n    \/\/ \u5c5e\u6027\u6ce8\u5165\n    @Autowired\n    private UserService userService;\n\n    @RequestMapping(&quot;\/add&quot;)\n    public UserInfo add(String username, String password) {\n        return userService.add(username, password);\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>b) \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u6ce8\u5165<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"java\">@RestController\npublic class UserController {\n    \/\/ \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u6ce8\u5165\n    private UserService userService;\n\n    @Autowired\n    public UserController(UserService userService) {\n        this.userService = userService;\n    }\n\n    @RequestMapping(&quot;\/add&quot;)\n    public UserInfo add(String username, String password) {\n        return userService.add(username, password);\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>c) Setter \u6ce8\u5165<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"java\">@RestController\npublic class UserController {\n    \/\/ Setter \u6ce8\u5165\n    private UserService userService;\n\n    @Autowired\n    public void setUserService(UserService userService) {\n        this.userService = userService;\n    }\n\n    @RequestMapping(&quot;\/add&quot;)\n    public UserInfo add(String username, String password) {\n        return userService.add(username, password);\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c <strong>@Autowired \u652f\u6301\u5c5e\u6027\u6ce8\u5165\u3001\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u6ce8\u5165\u548c Setter \u6ce8\u5165\uff0c\u800c @Resource \u53ea\u652f\u6301\u5c5e\u6027\u6ce8\u5165\u548c Setter \u6ce8\u5165<\/strong>\uff0c\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528 @Resource \u5b9e\u73b0\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u6ce8\u5165\u65f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u63d0\u793a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9519\u8bef\uff1a<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000042392016\" alt=\"image.png\" title=\"image.png\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<h2>5.\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u63d0\u793a\u4e0d\u540c<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528 IDEA \u4e13\u4e1a\u7248\u5728\u7f16\u5199\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u662f Mapper \u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f7f\u7528 @Autowired \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f1a\u63d0\u793a\u62a5\u9519\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong>\uff0c\u62a5\u9519\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000042392017\" alt=\"image.png\" title=\"image.png\" loading=\"lazy\"><br \/>\u867d\u7136 IDEA \u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u62a5\u9519\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f46\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u5e38\u6267\u884c\u7684\u3002<br \/>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u518d<strong>\u5c06\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u6ce8\u89e3\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a @Resource \u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u62a5\u9519\u4fe1\u606f\u4e86<\/strong>\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000042392018\" alt=\"image.png\" title=\"image.png\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<h2>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<p>@Autowired \u548c @Resource \u90fd\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u6ce8\u89e3\uff08\u5728 Spring\/Spring Boot \u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8c\u8005\u5374\u6709\u7740 5 \u70b9\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u6765\u6e90\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a@Autowired \u6765\u81ea Spring \u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u800c @Resource \u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\uff08Java\uff09JSR-250\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4f9d\u8d56\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a@Autowired \u5148\u6839\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u518d\u6839\u636e\u540d\u79f0\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u800c @Resource \u5148\u6839\u636e\u540d\u79f0\u518d\u6839\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u67e5\u8be2\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u652f\u6301\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a@Autowired \u53ea\u652f\u6301\u8bbe\u7f6e 1 \u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u800c @Resource \u652f\u6301\u8bbe\u7f6e 7 \u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u652f\u6301\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a@Autowired \u65e2\u652f\u6301\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u6ce8\u5165\uff0c\u53c8\u652f\u6301\u5c5e\u6027\u6ce8\u5165\u548c Setter \u6ce8\u5165\uff0c\u800c @Resource \u53ea\u652f\u6301\u5c5e\u6027\u6ce8\u5165\u548c Setter \u6ce8\u5165\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668 IDEA \u7684\u63d0\u793a\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a\u5f53\u6ce8\u5165 Mapper \u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 @Autowired \u6ce8\u89e3\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f1a\u63d0\u793a\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u800c\u4f7f\u7528 @Resource \u6ce8\u89e3\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u63d0\u793a\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4>\u53c2\u8003 &#038; \u9e23\u8c22<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>www.cnblogs.com\/felordcn\/p\/13063802.html<\/li>\n<li>blog.csdn.net\/CPLASF_\/article\/details\/109225213<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u662f\u975e\u5ba1\u4e4b\u4e8e\u5df1\uff0c\u6bc1\u8a89\u542c\u4e4b\u4e8e\u4eba\uff0c\u5f97\u5931\u5b89\u4e4b\u4e8e\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff1aJava\u9762\u8bd5\u771f\u9898\u89e3\u6790<\/p>\n<p>\u9762\u8bd5\u5408\u96c6\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=fZLV4wyyuIUNTOQEU%2FFFtA%3D%3D.dlvAh%2Bo5L8vrmCa%2BWUUnGirYHTgecVcbhIRiyF9Z%2FQ0%2B5MsC2fbmKZXpagfbn45Y\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/gitee.com\/mydb\/interview<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/a\/1190000042392008\">https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/a\/1190000042392008<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>@Autowired \u548c @Resource \u90fd\u662f Spring\/Spring Boot \u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u4f9d\u8d56 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