{"id":10006266,"date":"2022-08-21T18:20:00","date_gmt":"2022-08-21T10:20:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ityet.com\/?p=10006266"},"modified":"2022-08-21T18:20:00","modified_gmt":"2022-08-21T10:20:00","slug":"%e5%87%a0%e4%b8%aa%e6%8f%90%e5%8d%87go%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%e6%95%88%e7%8e%87%e7%9a%84%e5%b0%8f%e6%8a%80%e5%b7%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/?p=10006266","title":{"rendered":"\u51e0\u4e2a\u63d0\u5347Go\u8bed\u8a00\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u7684\u5c0f\u6280\u5de7"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u524d\u8a00<\/h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u54c8\u55bd\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u662f<code>asong<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6bcf\u95e8\u8bed\u8a00\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u7cd6\uff0c\u50cf<code>java<\/code>\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u7cd6\u5c31\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d8\u957f\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u62c6\u7bb1\u4e0e\u88c5\u7bb1\u3001\u679a\u4e3e\u3001<code>for-each<\/code>\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c<code>Go<\/code>\u8bed\u8a00\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4e5f\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u7cd6\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bed\u6cd5\u7cd6\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u672c\u6587\u5c31\u6765\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b<code>Go<\/code>\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u7cd6\uff0c\u603b\u7ed3\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5168\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u8bc4\u8bba\u533a\u8865\u5145\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2>\u53ef\u53d8\u957f\u53c2\u6570<\/h2>\n<p><code>Go<\/code>\u8bed\u8a00\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u628a\u4efb\u610f\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c<code>Go<\/code>\u8bed\u8a00\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86<strong>&#8230;<\/strong>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff0c\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f62\u53c2\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528<strong>&#8230;<\/strong>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u5fc5\u987b\u6ce8\u610f\u5982\u4e0b\u4e8b\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53ef\u53d8\u957f\u53c2\u6570\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5217\u8868\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u628a\u53ef\u53d8\u957f\u53c2\u6570\u5f53\u5207\u7247\u6765\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u53ef\u53d8\u957f\u53c2\u6570\u6ca1\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u503c\u65f6\u5c31\u662f<code>nil<\/code>\u5207\u7247<\/li>\n<li>\u53ef\u53d8\u957f\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5fc5\u987b\u76f8\u540c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">func test(a int, b ...int){\n  return\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u65e2\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536\u53ef\u53d8\u957f\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4f20\u53c2\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f20\u9012\u5207\u7247\u4f7f\u7528<strong>&#8230;<\/strong>\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u5305\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\uff0c<code>append<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">var sl []int\nsl = append(sl, 1)\nsl = append(sl, sl...)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>append\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9a\u4e49\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">\/\/    slice = append(slice, elem1, elem2)\n\/\/    slice = append(slice, anotherSlice...)\nfunc append(slice []Type, elems ...Type) []Type<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u58f0\u660e\u4e0d\u5b9a\u957f\u6570\u7ec4<\/h2>\n<p>\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u58f0\u660e\u6570\u7ec4\u65f6\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u58f0\u660e\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u5c31\u8981\u786e\u8ba4\u597d\u5176\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u4e9b\u65f6\u5019\u5bf9\u4e8e\u60f3\u5077\u61d2\u7684\u6211\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u60f3\u5199\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u529e\u6cd5\u8ba9\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7b97\u5462\uff1f\u5f53\u7136\u6709\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<strong>&#8230;<\/strong>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u58f0\u660e\u6570\u7ec4\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u7ba1\u586b\u5145\u5143\u7d20\u503c\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u4ea4\u7ed9\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\u641e\u5c31\u597d\u4e86\uff1b<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">a := [...]int{1, 3, 5} \/\/ \u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u662f3\uff0c\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e a := [3]{1, 3, 5}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6709\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u67d0\u4e9b<code>index<\/code>\u60f3\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7279\u522b\u7684\u503c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<strong>&#8230;<\/strong>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u641e\u5b9a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">a := [...]int{1: 20, 999: 10} \/\/ \u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u662f100, \u4e0b\u68071\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u503c\u662f20\uff0c\u4e0b\u6807999\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u503c\u662f10\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u7d20\u503c\u90fd\u662f0<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2><code>init<\/code>\u51fd\u6570<\/h2>\n<p><code>Go<\/code>\u8bed\u8a00\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5148\u4e8e<code>main<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u7684<code>init<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5305\u540e\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c<code>init<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5305\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a<code>init<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5305\u4e2d\u7684\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a<code>init<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u52a0\u8f7d\u987a\u5e8f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u4ece\u5f53\u524d\u5305\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u524d\u5305\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305\uff0c\u5219\u5148\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305\uff0c\u5c42\u5c42\u9012\u5f52\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u5305\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u4e2d\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u5e8f\u4ece\u524d\u5f80\u540e\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f18\u5148\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5e38\u91cf\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u521d\u59cb\u5316<code>init<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5f53\u51fa\u73b0\u591a\u4e2a<code>init<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u6309\u7167\u987a\u5e8f\u4ece\u524d\u5f80\u540e\u4f9d\u6b21\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u5b8c\u6210\u52a0\u8f7d\u540e\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5f53\u524d\u5305\uff01<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><code>init<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86<code>sync.Once<\/code>\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u5305\u88ab\u5bfc\u5165\u591a\u5c11\u6b21\uff0c<code>init<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u53ea\u4f1a\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>init<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u6ce8\u518c\u3001\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u5355\u4f8b\u6a21\u5f0f\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684<code>pprof<\/code>\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u4f7f\u7528\u5230\u4e86<code>init<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5728<code>init<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u91cc\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u8def\u7531\u6ce8\u518c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">\/\/go\/1.15.7\/libexec\/src\/cmd\/trace\/pprof.go\nfunc init() {\n http.HandleFunc(&quot;\/io&quot;, serveSVGProfile(pprofByGoroutine(computePprofIO)))\n http.HandleFunc(&quot;\/block&quot;, serveSVGProfile(pprofByGoroutine(computePprofBlock)))\n http.HandleFunc(&quot;\/syscall&quot;, serveSVGProfile(pprofByGoroutine(computePprofSyscall)))\n http.HandleFunc(&quot;\/sched&quot;, serveSVGProfile(pprofByGoroutine(computePprofSched)))\n\n http.HandleFunc(&quot;\/regionio&quot;, serveSVGProfile(pprofByRegion(computePprofIO)))\n http.HandleFunc(&quot;\/regionblock&quot;, serveSVGProfile(pprofByRegion(computePprofBlock)))\n http.HandleFunc(&quot;\/regionsyscall&quot;, serveSVGProfile(pprofByRegion(computePprofSyscall)))\n http.HandleFunc(&quot;\/regionsched&quot;, serveSVGProfile(pprofByRegion(computePprofSched)))\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u5ffd\u7565\u5bfc\u5305<\/h2>\n<p>Go\u8bed\u8a00\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u6709\u4ee3\u7801\u6d01\u7656\uff0c\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0a\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u4ee3\u7801\u6ee5\u7528\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5<code>Go<\/code>\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5bfc\u5305\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5bfc\u5305\u4e86\u4f46\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8bdd\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u7f16\u8bd1\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u4e9b\u573a\u666f\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u53ea\u60f3\u5bfc\u5305\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0a\u6587\u63d0\u5230\u7684<code>init<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u60f3\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5305\u91cc\u7684<code>init<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u5185\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528  <strong>_<\/strong>   \u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u53f7\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u5bfc\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5305\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">import _ &quot;github.com\/asong&quot;<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u5ffd\u7565\u5b57\u6bb5<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u65e5\u5e38\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u5c4e\u4e0a\u4e0a\u5806\u5c4e\uff0c\u9047\u5230\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u590d\u7528\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u6211\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u7ede\u5c3d\u8111\u6c41\u7684\u7ed9\u4ed6\u60f3\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u529e\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u8981\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u5462\uff1f\u5f53\u7136\u6709\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f <strong>_<\/strong> \u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff0c\u5c06\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u503c\u8d4b\u7ed9\u7a7a\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">_, ok := test(a, b int)<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>json\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5ffd\u7565\u67d0\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5<\/h2>\n<p>\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4e1a\u52a1\u573a\u666f\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u4f1a\u5bf9<code>struct<\/code>\u505a\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u4e9b\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981<code>json<\/code>\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0d\u53c2\u52a0\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\uff0c<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u6211\u4eec\u5904\u7406\uff0c<code>Go<\/code>\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u63d0\u4f9b\u6807\u7b7e\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5728\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u6807\u7b7e\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 <strong>&#8211;<\/strong> \u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u505a\u7279\u6b8a\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">type Person struct{\n  name string `json:&quot;-&quot;`\n  age string `json: &quot;age&quot;`\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>json\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5ffd\u7565\u7a7a\u503c\u5b57\u6bb5<\/h2>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528<code>json.Marshal<\/code>\u8fdb\u884c\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5ffd\u7565<code>struct<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684\u7a7a\u503c\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u96f6\u503c\uff08<code>string<\/code>\u7c7b\u578b\u96f6\u503c\u662f&#8221;&#8221;\uff0c\u5bf9\u8c61\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u96f6\u503c\u662f<code>nil<\/code>&#8230;\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u5728\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u662f\u5ffd\u7565\u6389\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6ca1\u6709\u503c\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u6807\u7b7e\u4e2d\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0<code>omitempty<\/code> tag\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">type User struct {\n    Name  string   `json:&quot;name&quot;`\n    Email string   `json:&quot;email,omitempty&quot;`\n  Age int        `json: &quot;age&quot;`\n}\n\nfunc test() {\n    u1 := User{\n        Name: &quot;asong&quot;,\n    }\n    b, err := json.Marshal(u1)\n    if err != nil {\n        fmt.Printf(&quot;json.Marshal failed, err:%v\/n&quot;, err)\n        return\n    }\n    fmt.Printf(&quot;str:%s\/n&quot;, b)\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">str:{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;asong&quot;,&quot;Age&quot;:0}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><code>Age<\/code>\u5b57\u6bb5\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u6dfb\u52a0<code>omitempty<\/code> tag\u5728<code>json<\/code>\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u5e26\u7a7a\u503c\u7684\uff0c<code>email<\/code>\u5b57\u6bb5\u5c31\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u6389\u4e86\uff1b<\/p>\n<h2>\u77ed\u53d8\u91cf\u58f0\u660e<\/h2>\n<p>\u6bcf\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\u90fd\u8981\u5148\u8fdb\u884c\u51fd\u6570\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u8fd9\u79cd\u61d2\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u771f\u7684\u4e0d\u60f3\u5199\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5199<code>python<\/code>\u5199\u60ef\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728<code>Go<\/code>\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u53d8\u91cf\u58f0\u660e\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <strong>name := expression<\/strong> \u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u5f62\u5f0f\u6765\u58f0\u660e\u548c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528<code>var<\/code>\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">var a int = 10\n\u7b49\u7528\u4e8e\na := 10<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u77ed\u53d8\u91cf\u58f0\u660e\u65f6\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u6ce8\u91ca\u4e8b\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u77ed\u53d8\u91cf\u58f0\u660e\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf<\/li>\n<li>\u77ed\u53d8\u91cf\u58f0\u660e\u4ee3\u8868\u5f15\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u91cd\u590d\u58f0\u660e\u53d8\u91cf<\/li>\n<li>\u591a\u53d8\u91cf\u58f0\u660e\u4e2d\u5982\u679c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u65b0\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u77ed\u53d8\u91cf\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4e0d\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u58f0\u660e\u53d8\u91cf\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u7c7b\u578b\u65ad\u8a00<\/h2>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528<code>interface<\/code>\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u5e26\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684<code>interface<\/code>\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u7a7a\u7684<code>interface<\/code>\uff0c<code>Go1.18<\/code>\u4e4b\u524d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u6cdb\u578b\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7a7a\u7684<code>interface{}<\/code>\u6765\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u4f2a\u6cdb\u578b\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u5230\u7a7a\u7684<code>interface{}<\/code>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5165\u53c2\u6216\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5230\u7c7b\u578b\u65ad\u8a00\uff0c\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5728Go\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7c7b\u578b\u65ad\u8a00\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">value, ok := x.(T)\nor\nvalue := x.(T)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>x\u662f<code>interface<\/code>\u7c7b\u578b\uff0cT\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e00\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u65ad\u8a00\uff0c\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e8c\u65ad\u8a00\u5931\u8d25\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1panic\uff1b\u8fd9\u91cc\u7c7b\u578b\u65ad\u8a00\u9700\u8981\u533a\u5206<code>x<\/code>\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5982\u679c<code>x<\/code>\u662f\u7a7a\u63a5\u53e3\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7a7a\u63a5\u53e3\u7c7b\u578b\u65ad\u8a00\u5b9e\u8d28\u662f\u5c06<code>eface<\/code>\u4e2d<code>_type<\/code>\u4e0e\u8981\u5339\u914d\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u6210\u529f\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7ec4\u88c5\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u5931\u8d25\u76f4\u63a5\u6e05\u7a7a\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c<code>x<\/code>\u662f\u975e\u7a7a\u63a5\u53e3\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u975e\u7a7a\u63a5\u53e3\u7c7b\u578b\u65ad\u8a00\u7684\u5b9e\u8d28\u662f iface \u4e2d <code>*itab<\/code> \u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002<code>*itab<\/code> \u5339\u914d\u6210\u529f\u4f1a\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7ec4\u88c5\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002\u5339\u914d\u5931\u8d25\u76f4\u63a5\u6e05\u7a7a\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5177\u4f53\u6e90\u7801\u5256\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=kXPrex%2BXmNi%2FzzfV1hYPuA%3D%3D.kxhNDgadXmuyT83KG4BdbzhsLBvBTsDA5MLznE75bmfyeHIqN9yB1g2j9Zd4iYGPDoT2vBERpCRAS%2F0RUzLYMA%3D%3D\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u6e90\u7801\u5256\u6790\u7c7b\u578b\u65ad\u8a00\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff01\u9644\u6027\u80fd\u635f\u8017\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>\u5207\u7247\u5faa\u73af<\/h2>\n<p>\u5207\u7247\/\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5728<code>Go<\/code>\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86<code>for range<\/code>\u8bed\u6cd5\u6765\u5feb\u901f\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u5207\u7247\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001map\u3001channel\u7b49\u7b49\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u603b\u7ed3\u8d77\u6765\u603b\u5171\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">\/\/ \u65b9\u5f0f\u4e00\uff1a\u53ea\u904d\u5386\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5207\u7247\u3001\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001map\u3001channel\nfor range T {}\n\n\/\/ \u65b9\u5f0f\u4e8c\uff1a\u904d\u5386\u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u6216\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5207\u7247\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5c31\u662f\u7d22\u5f15\uff0cmap\u5c31\u662fkey\uff0cchannel\u5c31\u662f\u6570\u636e\nfor key := range T{}\n\n\/\/ \u65b9\u5f0f\u4e09\uff1a\u904d\u5386\u83b7\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5207\u7247\u3001\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5c31\u662f\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u503c\uff0cmap \u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5c31\u662fkey\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\uff1b\nfor key, value := range T{}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u5224\u65admap\u7684key\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728<\/h2>\n<p>Go\u8bed\u8a00\u63d0\u4f9b\u8bed\u6cd5 <code>value, ok := m[key]<\/code>\u6765\u5224\u65ad<code>map<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684<code>key<\/code>\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u5c31\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56dekey\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5c31\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7a7a\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">import &quot;fmt&quot;\n\nfunc main() {\n    dict := map[string]int{&quot;asong&quot;: 1}\n    if value, ok := dict[&quot;asong&quot;]; ok {\n        fmt.Printf(value)\n    } else {\n      fmt.Println(&quot;key:asong\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728&quot;)\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>select\u63a7\u5236\u7ed3\u6784<\/h2>\n<p><code>Go<\/code>\u8bed\u8a00\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86<code>select<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c<code>select<\/code>\u914d\u5408<code>channel<\/code>\u80fd\u591f\u8ba9<code>Goroutine<\/code>\u540c\u65f6\u7b49\u5f85\u591a\u4e2a<code>channel<\/code>\u8bfb\u6216\u8005\u5199\uff0c\u5728<code>channel<\/code>\u72b6\u6001\u672a\u6539\u53d8\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c<code>select<\/code>\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u963b\u585e\u5f53\u524d\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6216<code>Goroutine<\/code>\u3002\u5148\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">func fibonacci(ch chan int, done chan struct{}) {\n x, y := 0, 1\n for {\n  select {\n  case ch &lt;- x:\n   x, y = y, x+y\n  case &lt;-done:\n   fmt.Println(&quot;over&quot;)\n   return\n  }\n }\n}\nfunc main() {\n ch := make(chan int)\n done := make(chan struct{})\n go func() {\n  for i := 0; i &lt; 10; i++ {\n   fmt.Println(&lt;-ch)\n  }\n  done &lt;- struct{}{}\n }()\n fibonacci(ch, done)\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><code>select<\/code>\u4e0e<code>switch<\/code>\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4e0e<code>switch<\/code>\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c<code>select<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684<code>case<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5fc5\u987b\u662f<code>channel<\/code>\u7684\u6536\u53d1\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5f53<code>select<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a<code>case<\/code>\u540c\u65f6\u88ab\u89e6\u53d1\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u968f\u673a\u6267\u884c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u968f\u673a\u6267\u884c\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u968f\u673a\u7684\u5f15\u5165\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u9965\u997f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u662f\u6309\u7167\u987a\u5e8f\u4f9d\u6b21\u6267\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u82e5\u4e24\u4e2a<code>case<\/code>\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u662f\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u540e\u9762\u7684<code>case<\/code>\u6c38\u8fdc\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684<code>select<\/code>\u7528\u6cd5\u662f\u963b\u585e\u5f0f\u7684\u6536\u53d1\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a<code>channel<\/code>\u53d1\u751f\u72b6\u6001\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728<code>select<\/code>\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528<code>default<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48<code>select<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u5728\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5f53\u5b58\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u6536\u53d1\u7684<code>Channel<\/code>\u65f6\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5904\u7406\u8be5<code>Channel<\/code> \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 <code>case<\/code>\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5f53\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u6536\u53d1\u7684<code>Channel<\/code> \u65f6\uff0c\u6267\u884c <code>default<\/code> \u4e2d\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<code>nil channel<\/code>\u4e0a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u88ab\u963b\u585e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709<code>default case<\/code>,\u53ea\u6709<code>nil channel<\/code>\u7684<code>select<\/code>\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u88ab\u963b\u585e\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86<code>Go<\/code>\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f00\u53d1\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f<code>Go<\/code>\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u7cd6\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u597d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4f60\u90fd\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e86\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u597d\u5566\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u662f<strong>asong<\/strong>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0b\u671f\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6b22\u8fce\u5173\u6ce8\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff1aGolang\u68a6\u5de5\u5382<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/a\/1190000042353285\">https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/a\/1190000042353285<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u524d\u8a00 \u54c8\u55bd\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u662fasong\u3002 \u6bcf\u95e8\u8bed\u8a00\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u7cd6\uff0c\u50cfjava\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u7cd6\u5c31\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d8\u957f\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u62c6\u7bb1\u4e0e\u88c5\u7bb1 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10006266","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10006266","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10006266"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10006266\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10006266"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10006266"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10006266"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}