{"id":10006171,"date":"2022-08-11T14:00:07","date_gmt":"2022-08-11T06:00:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ityet.com\/?p=10006171"},"modified":"2022-08-11T14:00:07","modified_gmt":"2022-08-11T06:00:07","slug":"go-%e5%8f%aa%e4%bc%9a-if-err-nil%ef%bc%9f%e8%bf%99%e6%98%af%e4%b8%8d%e5%af%b9%e7%9a%84%ef%bc%8c%e5%88%86%e4%ba%ab%e8%bf%99%e4%ba%9b%e4%bc%98%e9%9b%85%e7%9a%84%e5%a4%84%e7%90%86%e5%a7%bf%e5%8a%bf","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/?p=10006171","title":{"rendered":"Go \u53ea\u4f1a if err != nil\uff1f\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0d\u5bf9\u7684\uff0c\u5206\u4eab\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f18\u96c5\u7684\u5904\u7406\u59ff\u52bf\u7ed9\u4f60\uff01"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5927\u5bb6\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u714e\u9c7c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\u6211\u5728\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=jJNTVE6taXifpDOu1S55sQ%3D%3D.V%2BRvLQDe36dy4SjhOi%2Bxx2rrL3zGyrOF8lazgGpEkcD2fcTuvdn5U7CNbQ8PRJpDDr27S7QNC4tN8wRJ%2BOF6zg%3D%3D\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u9519\u8bef\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u7a0b\uff1f<\/a>\u300b\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u5206\u4eab\u4e86 Go \u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u5bf9 Go \u8c1a\u8bed\u4e4b\u4e00 Errors are values \u7684\u8be0\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u7bc7\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u4e13\u573a\uff0c\u662f Go \u8c1a\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=2HIoagyMPYms9ieAgfYsMw%3D%3D.olWYbwYaLV6FnlNoQmZldt%2FdMt2UGz6GUa7%2BjK8a2fGTh1MNO4nWaRaC%2FNMeP13ajs%2F5Q9%2FPFF4BIKKLHdv4QlRpszlOBw7g2k%2BSmAi3Mqw17%2FejayymaL8cpjrDuIjl\" rel=\"nofollow\" title=\"Don't just check errors, handle them gracefully\">Don&#8217;t just check errors, handle them gracefully<\/a>\uff0c\u539f\u6587\u7ae0\u540c\u540d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u662f @Dave Cheney\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684 \u201c\u6211\u201d \u5747\u6307\u4ee3\u539f\u4f5c\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6761\u8c1a\u8bed\u548c Errors are value \u5173\u8054\u6027\u5f88\u5f3a\uff0c\u662f\u4e92\u89e3\u7b54\u7684\uff0c\u548c\u714e\u9c7c\u4e00\u8d77\u5b66\u4e60\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000042302652\" alt=\"\" title=\"\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<h2>\u9519\u8bef\u53ea\u662f\u503c<\/h2>\n<p>\u6211\u82b1\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u601d\u8003\u5904\u7406 Go \u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6211\u771f\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u90a3\u6837\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u6559\u6570\u5b66\u6216\u5b57\u6bcd\u8868\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u80cc\u8bf5\u6765\u6559\u4f1a\u6240\u6709\u7684 Go \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u7ec8\u6211\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u662f\uff1a\u6ca1\u6709\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a Go \u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f52\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u54e8\u5175\u9519\u8bef<\/h3>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u54e8\u5175\u9519\u8bef\uff08Sentinel errors\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">if err == ErrSomething { \u2026 }<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u503c\u6765\u8868\u793a\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5728 Go \u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u503c\u6765\u8868\u793a\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5b50\u5305\u62ec\uff1aio.EOF \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u50cf syscall \u5305\u4e2d\u66f4\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5e38\u91cf\uff0c\u5982 syscall.ENOENT\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u751a\u81f3\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u9519\u8bef\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u54e8\u5175\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>go\/build.NoGoError\u3002<\/li>\n<li>path\/filepath.Walk \u4e2d\u7684 path\/filepath.SkipDir\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u54e8\u5175\u503c\u662f\u6700\u4e0d\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u7b49\u5f0f\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0e\u9884\u5148\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u60f3\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4f1a\u7834\u574f\u7b49\u5f0f\u68c0\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u50cf\u4f7f\u7528 fmt.Errorf \u4e3a\u9519\u8bef\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u8fd9\u6837\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u7834\u574f\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u7684\u7b49\u5f0f\u68c0\u9a8c\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u5c06\u88ab\u8feb\u67e5\u770b\u9519\u8bef\u7684 Error \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u770b\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u76f8\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e0d\u8981\u68c0\u67e5 error.Error \u7684\u8f93\u51fa<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65c1\u89c2\u8005\uff0c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4f60\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u68c0\u67e5 error.Error \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u9519\u8bef\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u7684 Error \u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff08\u610f\u601d\u662f\u4e3a\u4eba\u5728\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u4ee3\u7801\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5c5e\u4e8e\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u663e\u793a\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u3002\u4f60\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u8bd5\u56fe\u901a\u8fc7\u68c0\u67e5\u5b83\u6765\u6539\u53d8\u4f60\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u77e5\u9053\u6709\u65f6\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u6709\u4eba\u5728 twitter \u4e0a\u6307\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5efa\u8bae\u5e76\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4ee3\u7801\u574f\u5473\u9053\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u5c3d\u91cf\u907f\u514d\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u54e8\u5175\u9519\u8bef\u6210\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u516c\u5171 API \u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206<\/h3>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u516c\u5171\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u503c\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u516c\u5f00\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u5728 API \u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u6709\u6240\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684 API \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd4\u56de\u7279\u5b9a\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8be5\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0\u90fd\u5e94\u88ab\u9650\u5236\u5728\u4ec5\u8fd4\u56de\u8be5\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5177\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5728 io.Reader \u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u50cf io.Copy \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8bfb\u53d6\u5668\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u8fd4\u56de io.EOF\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5411\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u53d1\u51fa\u6ca1\u6709\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u54e8\u5175\u9519\u8bef\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u5305\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4f9d\u8d56<\/h3>\n<p>\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u54e8\u5175\u9519\u8bef\u503c\u6700\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u5305\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u4e3a\u4e86\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u662f\u5426\u7b49\u4e8e io.EOF\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5fc5\u987b\u5bfc\u5165 io \u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u542c\u8d77\u6765\u5e76\u4e0d\u574f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u4f46\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u5305\u5bfc\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u4f60\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5305\u5fc5\u987b\u5bfc\u5165\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\u503c\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u6761\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u660e\u663e\u7684\u8026\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u66fe\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60\uff0c\u4e0d\u826f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684 \u201c\u5e7d\u7075\u201d &#8212; \u5bfc\u5165\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f &#8212; \u4ece\u672a\u8fdc\u79bb\u8fc7\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5934\u8111\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5728 Go modules \u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5c0f\u5fc3\u5c31\u5f88\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a grpc\u3001grpc-gateway\u3001etcd \u5e38\u5e74\u5c31\u5b58\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u5305\u7248\u672c\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u52a8\u5347\u7ea7\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5e94\u7528\u5c31\u56e0\u4e3a\u7248\u672c\u5c11\u4e86\u4e1c\u897f\u8dd1\u4e0d\u8d77\u6765\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u907f\u514d\u54e8\u5175\u9519\u8bef<\/h3>\n<p>\u5efa\u8bae\uff1a<strong>\u5728\u4f60\u5199\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u54e8\u5175\u9519\u8bef\u503c<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u867d\u7136\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u5c11\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u6a21\u4eff\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4eba\u8981\u6c42\u4f60\u4ece\u4f60\u7684\u5305\u4e2d\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u503c\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u793c\u8c8c\u5730\u62d2\u7edd\uff0c\u5e76\u5efa\u8bae\u91c7\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8981\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b<\/h2>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b\uff08Error types\uff09\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">if err, ok := err.(SomeType); ok { \u2026 }<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4f60\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cMyError \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u884c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">type MyError struct {\n        Msg string\n        File string\n        Line int\n}\n\nfunc (e *MyError) Error() string {\n        return fmt.Sprintf(&quot;%s:%d: %s\u201d, e.File, e.Line, e.Msg)\n}\n\nreturn &amp;MyError{&quot;Something happened&quot;, \u201cserver.go&quot;, 42}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a MyError \u9519\u8bef\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u578b\u65ad\u8a00\u6765\u4ece\u9519\u8bef\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u989d\u5916\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">err := something()\nswitch err := err.(type) {\ncase nil:\n        \/\/ call succeeded, nothing to do\ncase *MyError:\n        fmt.Println(\u201cerror occurred on line:\u201d, err.Line)\ndefault:\n\/\/ unknown error\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0e\u9519\u8bef\u503c\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u6539\u8fdb\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u5305\u88c5\u5e95\u5c42\u9519\u8bef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u80cc\u666f\uff08\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f os.PathError \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u8bd5\u56fe\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u90fd\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728\u7c7b\u578b\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">\/\/ PathError records an error and the operation\n\/\/ and file path that caused it.\ntype PathError struct {\n        Op   string\n        Path string\n        Err  error \/\/ the cause\n}\n\nfunc (e *PathError) Error() string<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\u65ad\u8a00\u6216\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b\u5fc5\u987b\u88ab\u516c\u5f00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u5951\u7ea6\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0\u8005\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u5b9a\u4e49\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u5bf9\u5305\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u4e0e\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u7684\u5f3a\u8026\u5408\uff0c\u4f7f API \u53d8\u5f97\u5f88\u8106\u5f31\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b<\/h3>\n<p>\u867d\u7136\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b\u6bd4\u54e8\u5175\u9519\u8bef\u503c\u8981\u597d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u83b7\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u51fa\u9519\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff0c\u4f46\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b\u4e5f\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u9519\u8bef\u503c\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u662f\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u81f3\u5c11\u907f\u514d\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u516c\u5171 API \u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e0d\u900f\u660e\u7684\u9519\u8bef<\/h2>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770b\u7b2c\u4e09\u7c7b\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u3002\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u672c\u8282\u8bb2\u7684\u662f\u6700\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u8981\u6c42\u4f60\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8026\u5408\u5ea6\u6700\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u628a\u8fd9\u79cd\u98ce\u683c\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u900f\u660e\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\uff08Opaque errors\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u867d\u7136\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4f46\u4f60\u6ca1\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u770b\u5230\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8c03\u7528\u8005\uff0c\u4f60\u6240\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\uff1a\u5b83\u6210\u529f\u4e86\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u900f\u660e\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u5185\u5bb9 &#8212; \u53ea\u662f\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5bf9\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u5047\u8bbe\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u91c7\u53d6\u8fd9\u79cd\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u8c03\u8bd5\u8f85\u52a9\u624b\u6bb5\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">import \u201cgithub.com\/quux\/bar\u201d\n\nfunc fn() error {\n        x, err := bar.Foo()\n        if err != nil {\n                return err\n        }\n        \/\/ use x\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aFoo \u7684\u5951\u7ea6\u6ca1\u6709\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5b83\u5728\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e2d\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002Foo \u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u7528\u989d\u5916\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u6765\u6ce8\u91ca\u901a\u8fc7\u5b83\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u7834\u574f\u5b83\u4e0e\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u7684\u5951\u7ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e3a\u884c\u4e3a\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7c7b\u578b\u65ad\u8a00\u9519\u8bef<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u5c11\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e8c\u5206\u6cd5\uff08\u662f\u5426\u6709\u9519\u8bef\uff09\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u662f\u4e0d\u591f\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u4e0e\u4f60\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u5982\u7f51\u7edc\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u67e5\u770b\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u91cd\u8bd5\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u5426\u5408\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u65ad\u8a00\u9519\u8bef\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u6216\u503c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u65ad\u8a00\u9519\u8bef\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">type temporary interface {\n        Temporary() bool\n}\n\n\/\/ IsTemporary returns true if err is temporary.\nfunc IsTemporary(err error) bool {\n        te, ok := err.(temporary)\n        return ok &amp;&amp; te.Temporary()\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4efb\u4f55\u9519\u8bef\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9 IsTemporary \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u8be5\u9519\u8bef\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u91cd\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u9519\u8bef\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0 Temporary \u63a5\u53e3\uff1b\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a Temporary \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u9519\u8bef\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u4e34\u65f6\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u9519\u8bef\u786e\u5b9e\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 Temporary\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u679c Temporary \u8fd4\u56de true\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u4e5f\u8bb8\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u8bd5\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u5173\u952e\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u5bfc\u5165\u5b9a\u4e49\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u5305\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053 err \u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u662f\u5bf9\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e0d\u8981\u53ea\u662f\u68c0\u67e5\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u8981\u4f18\u96c5\u5730\u5904\u7406\u5b83\u4eec<\/h2>\n<p>\u8fd9\u8ba9\u6211\u60f3\u5230\u4e86\u6211\u60f3\u8bf4\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u53e5 Go \u8c1a\u8bed\uff1b\u4e0d\u8981\u53ea\u662f\u68c0\u67e5\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u8981\u4f18\u96c5\u5730\u5904\u7406\u5b83\u4eec\uff08Don&#8217;t just check errors, handle them gracefully\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u80fd\u5c31\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">func AuthenticateRequest(r *Request) error {\n        err := authenticate(r.User)\n        if err != nil {\n                return err\n        }\n        return nil\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u662f\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4e94\u884c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">return authenticate(r.User)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f46\u8fd9\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u5ba1\u67e5\u4e2d\u6293\u4f4f\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u66f4\u4e3a\u6839\u672c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u6211\u65e0\u6cd5\u5224\u65ad\u539f\u59cb\u9519\u8bef\u6765\u81ea\u54ea\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c authenticate \u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 AuthenticateRequest \u5c06\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u5b83\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u8005\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u9876\u90e8\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u5c06\u628a\u9519\u8bef\u6253\u5370\u5230\u5c4f\u5e55\u6216\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u6240\u6253\u5370\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\uff1aNo such file or directory\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000042302653\" alt=\"\" title=\"\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/p>\n<p>\u6ca1\u6709\u4ea7\u751f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u884c\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u5bfc\u81f4\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u5806\u6808\u7684\u5806\u6808\u8ddf\u8e2a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u5c06\u88ab\u8feb\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5256\u6790\uff0c\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u54ea\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u8def\u5f84\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u672a\u627e\u5230\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Donovan \u548c Kernighan \u7684\u300aGo \u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u300b\u5efa\u8bae\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528 fmt.Errorf \u4e3a\u9519\u8bef\u8def\u5f84\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">func AuthenticateRequest(r *Request) error {\n        err := authenticate(r.User)\n        if err != nil {\n                return fmt.Errorf(&quot;authenticate failed: %v&quot;, err)\n        }\n        return nil\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f46\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u524d\u9762\u6240\u770b\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0e\u54e8\u5175\u9519\u8bef\u503c\u6216\u7c7b\u578b\u65ad\u8a00\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5c06\u9519\u8bef\u503c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u4e0e\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528 fmt.Errorf \u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4f1a\u7834\u574f\u5e73\u7b49\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u7834\u574f\u539f\u59cb\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u6ce8\u91ca\u9519\u8bef<\/h3>\n<p>\u6211\u60f3\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u4e3a\u9519\u8bef\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6ce8\u91ca\u9519\u8bef\uff08Annotating errors\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u7ed9\u9519\u8bef\u589e\u52a0\u6ce8\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5305\u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u5728 github.com\/pkg\/errors\uff08\u5728 Go1.13 \u8d77\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab Go \u5b98\u65b9\u5f15\u5165\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u8ba4\u53ef\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>errors \u5305\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">\/\/ Wrap annotates cause with a message.\nfunc Wrap(cause error, message string) error<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u662f Wrap\uff0c\u5b83\u63a5\u6536\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">\/\/ Cause unwraps an annotated error.\nfunc Cause(err error) error<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u662f Cause\uff0c\u5b83\u63a5\u6536\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u5305\u88f9\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u89e3\u5f00\u4ee5\u6062\u590d\u539f\u59cb\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u6ce8\u91ca\u4efb\u4f55\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6062\u590d\u5e95\u5c42\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u8bfb\u5165\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">func ReadFile(path string) ([]byte, error) {\n        f, err := os.Open(path)\n        if err != nil {\n                return nil, errors.Wrap(err, &quot;open failed&quot;)\n        }\n        defer f.Close()\n\n        buf, err := ioutil.ReadAll(f)\n        if err != nil {\n                return nil, errors.Wrap(err, &quot;read failed&quot;)\n        }\n        return buf, nil\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bfb\u53d6\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ece main \u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">func ReadConfig() ([]byte, error) {\n        home := os.Getenv(&quot;HOME&quot;)\n        config, err := ReadFile(filepath.Join(home, &quot;.settings.xml&quot;))\n        return config, errors.Wrap(err, &quot;could not read config&quot;)\n}\n\nfunc main() {\n        _, err := ReadConfig()\n        if err != nil {\n                fmt.Println(err)\n                os.Exit(1)\n        }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c ReadConfig \u4ee3\u7801\u8def\u5f84\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 errors.Wrap\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a K&#038;D \u98ce\u683c\u7684\u6f02\u4eae\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u6ce8\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"shell\">could not read config: open failed: open \/Users\/dfc\/.settings.xml: no such file or directory<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a errors.Wrap \u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u5806\u6808\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u8be5\u5806\u6808\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u989d\u5916\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u53c8\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u6b21\u6211\u4eec\u7528 errors.Print \u66ff\u6362 fmt.Println\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">func main() {\n        _, err := ReadConfig()\n        if err != nil {\n                errors.Print(err)\n                os.Exit(1)\n        }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">readfile.go:27: could not read config\nreadfile.go:14: open failed\nopen \/Users\/dfc\/.settings.xml: no such file or directory<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u6765\u81ea ReadConfig\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\u6765\u81ea ReadFile \u7684 os.Open \u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u90e8\u5206\u6765\u81ea os \u5305\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u643a\u5e26\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5305\u88f9\u9519\u8bef\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u5806\u6808\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8ba8\u8bba\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5373\u89e3\u5305\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f errors.Cause \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">\/\/ IsTemporary returns true if err is temporary.\nfunc IsTemporary(err error) bool {\n        te, ok := errors.Cause(err).(temporary)\n        return ok &amp;&amp; te.Temporary()\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u5f53\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u503c\u6216\u7c7b\u578b\u76f8\u5339\u914d\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u9996\u5148\u4f7f\u7528 errors.Cause \u51fd\u6570\u6062\u590d\u539f\u59cb\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u53ea\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u6b21\u9519\u8bef<\/h2>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\u6211\u60f3\u8bf4\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u53ea\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u6b21\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u610f\u5473\u7740\u68c0\u67e5\u9519\u8bef\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u505a\u51fa\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">func Write(w io.Writer, buf []byte) {\n        w.Write(buf)\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u505a\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c11\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u4f1a\u5ffd\u7565\u6389\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u770b\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u6765\u81ea w.Write \u7684\u9519\u8bef\u88ab\u4e22\u5f03\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u505a\u51fa\u591a\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">func Write(w io.Writer, buf []byte) error {\n        _, err := w.Write(buf)\n        if err != nil {\n                \/\/ annotated error goes to log file\n                log.Println(&quot;unable to write:&quot;, err)\n\n                \/\/ unannotated error returned to caller\n                return err\n        }\n        return nil\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u5199\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u884c\u5199\u5230\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u9519\u8bef\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u8c03\u7528\u8005\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b83\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u5b83\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u9876\u90e8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\u4f60\u5728\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u5806\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u9876\u90e8\u4f60\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528 Java \u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">func Write(w io.Write, buf []byte) error {\n        _, err := w.Write(buf)\n        return errors.Wrap(err, &quot;write failed&quot;)\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 errors \u5305\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u5c06\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u4e3a\u9519\u8bef\u503c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u4eba\u7c7b\u548c\u673a\u5668\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u503c\u7f16\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<p>\u9519\u8bef\u662f\u4f60\u7684\u5305\u7684\u516c\u5171 API \u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5bf9\u5f85\u5b83\u4eec\u8981\u50cf\u5bf9\u5f85\u4f60\u7684\u516c\u5171 API \u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\u4e00\u6837\u8c28\u614e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u83b7\u5f97\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u5efa\u8bae\u4f60\u5c3d\u91cf\u628a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u90fd\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e0d\u900f\u660e\u7684\u3002\u5728\u4f60\u65e0\u6cd5\u505a\u5230\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e3a\u884c\u4e3a\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7c7b\u578b\u6216\u503c\u65ad\u8a00\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u5c3d\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\u54e8\u5175\u9519\u8bef\u503c\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u9519\u8bef\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\u7528 error.Wrap \u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4e0d\u900f\u660e\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 errors.Cause \u6765\u6062\u590d\u5e95\u5c42\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e0c\u671b\u6bcf\u4e00\u4f4d Gopher \u90fd\u5b66\u4f1a\u5982\u4f55\u66f4\u4f18\u96c5\u7684\u5904\u7406 Go \u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff01<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u6587\u7ae0\u6301\u7eed\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5fae\u4fe1\u641c\u3010\u8111\u5b50\u8fdb\u714e\u9c7c\u4e86\u3011\u9605\u8bfb\uff0c\u672c\u6587 <strong>GitHub<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=39QETQ3jl9YODCdR7Sb5sA%3D%3D.hr0nMylWlO1irXIH4qDg3AH%2FM3QATpErYLmYJ5F3K58%3D\" rel=\"nofollow\">github.com\/eddycjy\/blog<\/a> \u5df2\u6536\u5f55\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60 Go \u8bed\u8a00\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b <a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=RObYJFT7gXpfMoPSvOBRgw%3D%3D.MKo9K2%2Fw4z0H6UiDjv0RzM7typtU8zJnbLZ%2BiPzxmFnqXd2OP1raSXCAIGtnZLVX\" rel=\"nofollow\">Go \u5b66\u4e60\u5730\u56fe\u548c\u8def\u7ebf<\/a>\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce Star \u50ac\u66f4\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3>Go \u56fe\u4e66\u7cfb\u5217<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=222d9NX26xNlzyiHsOT9tQ%3D%3D.JYPiAVYGlRXcNlXgcZBVlU5gv6uyI0Gd4zESPR1zxeXoQPMtbvx45%2B9qMG5wwAgM\" rel=\"nofollow\">Go \u8bed\u8a00\u5165\u95e8\u7cfb\u5217\uff1a\u521d\u63a2 Go \u9879\u76ee\u5b9e\u6218<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=kQJ9At1QwXsWSmo6%2BuZxYg%3D%3D.7bhlt6UQVc3wBsHQbSIGsnzqqpZDPyxexTf5sxowNAs%3D\" rel=\"nofollow\">Go \u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e4b\u65c5\uff1a\u6df1\u5165\u7528 Go \u505a\u9879\u76ee<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=LDw616Tv9uT6KYuj0mDL1Q%3D%3D.n4lA5yMzy6gPF6c1zZ0%2BfUi5xvlgAAX68Y%2BdnDGVJ5o%3D\" rel=\"nofollow\">Go \u8bed\u8a00\u8bbe\u8ba1\u54f2\u5b66\uff1a\u4e86\u89e3 Go \u7684\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u548c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u601d\u8003<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=2DhWQF%2F1wgwdCjBtkFSWJA%3D%3D.TI%2BWUDeWJqTW90iyXI46%2BqqrRQTgyq228X1WLnsZ1Gk%3D\" rel=\"nofollow\">Go \u8bed\u8a00\u8fdb\u9636\u4e4b\u65c5\uff1a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6df1\u5165 Go \u6e90\u7801<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u66f4\u591a\u9605\u8bfb<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=tRnICvIgp192JOxuAyNYwg%3D%3D.071wyEECWmVSIVGQIG6LZ4AeKVeV1eg0fucywBaAsoCo3FFA9Ne8xvK59BKLEbubpPxG%2B%2FRteFSkoC80eruQog%3D%3D\" rel=\"nofollow\">Go \u60f3\u8981\u52a0\u4e2a\u7bad\u5934\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0b\u66f4\u50cf PHP \u4e86\uff01<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=NQE%2FS8yw6qoJiUNOYB9bmQ%3D%3D.bLUgZZxiuwkhNrP09oH11TH6oYRIEaMbnmL%2BJNEg9U5NtP6Hqpea6cO6Pa7pWIaLJJ3zzGHaXIq1qIhjGf%2Fdsw%3D%3D\" rel=\"nofollow\">Go \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u65b0\u601d\u8def\uff1f\u7528\u5de6\u4fa7\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/a\/1190000042302650\">https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/a\/1190000042302650<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5927\u5bb6\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u714e\u9c7c\u3002 \u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\u6211\u5728\u300a\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u9519\u8bef\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u7a0b\uff1f\u300b\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u5206\u4eab\u4e86 Go \u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u5bf9 Go \u8c1a\u8bed\u4e4b\u4e00 Error [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10006171","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10006171","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10006171"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10006171\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10006171"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10006171"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10006171"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}