{"id":10006086,"date":"2022-08-02T15:43:03","date_gmt":"2022-08-02T07:43:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ityet.com\/?p=10006086"},"modified":"2022-08-02T15:43:03","modified_gmt":"2022-08-02T07:43:03","slug":"%e7%9c%9f%e6%ad%a3%e7%9a%84htap%e5%af%b9%e7%94%a8%e6%88%b7%e5%92%8c%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%e8%80%85%e6%84%8f%e5%91%b3%e7%9d%80%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/?p=10006086","title":{"rendered":"\u771f\u6b63\u7684HTAP\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u7b80\u4ecb\uff1a\u00a0Gartner 2016 \u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u63d0\u51fa HTAP\uff08Hybrid Transaction \/ Analytical Processing\uff0c\u6df7\u5408\u4e8b\u52a1\u5206\u6790\u5904\u7406\uff09\u5e76\u7ed9\u51fa\u660e\u786e\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a\u5373\u540c\u65f6\u652f\u6301 OLTP \u548c OLAP \u573a\u666f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u5b58\u50a8\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4efd\u6570\u636e\u4e0a\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u652f\u6301\u5b9e\u65f6\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u7701\u53bb\u8d39\u65f6\u7684 ETL \u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\uff0cHTAP \u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u843d\u5730\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u96be\u514d\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u5404\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000042258631\" alt=\"\u56fe\u7247\" title=\"\u56fe\u7247\" loading=\"lazy\"><br \/>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u5168\u79f0\u662f DBMS\uff08Database Management System\uff09\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u662f\u4e0d\u533a\u5206 OLTP \u4e0e OLAP \u7684\uff0cE.F.Codd \u5728 1970 \u5e74\u5c31\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5173\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b\uff0cJim Gray \u5728 1976 \u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e8b\u52a1\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u968f\u7740\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4e30\u5bcc\uff0c\u5355\u4e00\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u74f6\u9888\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u6709\u4eba\u628a\u590d\u6742\u5206\u6790\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u5355\u72ec\u62c6\u5206\u51fa\u6765\uff0cBerry Devlin \u548c Paul Murphy \u5728 1988 \u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\uff0c1993 \u5e74 E.F.Codd \u63d0\u51fa OLAP\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u628a OLAP \u4e0e OLTP \u533a\u5206\u5f00\u6765\uff0c\u5e76\u9644\u5e26 OLAP \u7684 12 \u6761\u51c6\u5219\u3002OLAP \u53d1\u5c55\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u6709\u5404\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u5e38\u542c\u5230\u7684 ROLAP\uff08\u57fa\u4e8e MPP \u67b6\u6784\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684 OLAP\uff09\u3001MOLAP\uff08\u57fa\u4e8e Data Cube \u7684\u65b9\u6848\uff09\u3001\u5927\u6570\u636e\uff08\u57fa\u4e8e Hadoop\/Spark \u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6848\uff09\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u00a0\u7ecf\u5178\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u628a\u4e1a\u52a1\u5206\u6210 OLTP \u548c OLAP\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7 ETL \u5b9a\u671f\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4ece OLTP \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u62bd\u53d6\u5230 OLAP \u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93 T+1\uff0cT+n \u7684\u7531\u6765\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u751f\u4ea7\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7ecf\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u540c\u6b65\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6216\u8005\u540c\u6b65\u51fa\u9519\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u7ebf\u4e0a\u6545\u969c\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4efd\u6570\u636e\u540c\u65f6\u505a\u597d\u4e8b\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5b9e\u65f6\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8ba9\u5e94\u7528\u53d8\u5f97\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u00a0\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u5728 OLTP \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u6269\u5c55 OLAP \u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u662f Oracle \u548c SQL Server\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4 MySQL \u8fd9\u79cd\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7528\u4e8e KV \u7c7b\u7b80\u5355\u67e5\u8be2\u7684 OLTP \u7cfb\u7edf\uff0cOracle \u548c SQL Server \u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u80fd\u591f\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 Oracle IMC\uff08In-memory column store\uff09\u548c SQL Server \u5217\u5b58\/\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u7b49\u6280\u672f\u80fd\u591f\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u5904\u7406 OLAP\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u8d1f\u8f7d\u53eb\u505a&#8221;real-time operational analytics&#8221;\uff0c\u5148\u6709 OLTP\uff0c\u518d\u6709 OLAP\uff0c\u4e14 OLTP \u6027\u80fd\u505a\u5230\u6781\u81f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u7684 HTAP\u3002OceanBase \u91c7\u7528\u7684\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e OceanBase \u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u662f\u539f\u751f\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4 Oracle\/SQL Server\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5904\u7406\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u3002\u00a0\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u5728 OLAP \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5f15\u5165\u5b9e\u65f6\u5199\u5165\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u65f6 OLAP \u7684 MPP \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u56fd\u5185\u5f88\u591a\u521b\u4e1a\u516c\u53f8\u8d70\u7684\u662f\u8fd9\u6761\u8def\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u8d1f\u8f7d\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f&#8221;real-time analytics&#8221;\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u5728\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5f15\u5165\u5b9e\u65f6\u5199\u5165\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e OLTP \u6d89\u53ca\u6838\u5fc3\u4e1a\u52a1\u95e8\u69db\u592a\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u8de8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5f3a\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5927\u4e8b\u52a1\/\u957f\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\/\u5916\u952e\/\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u00a0\u771f\u6b63\u7684 HTAP\uff08real-time operational analytics\uff09\u8981\u6c42\u5148\u6709\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684 OLTP\uff0c\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u652f\u6301\u5b9e\u65f6\u5206\u6790\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684 HTAP \u7cfb\u7edf\u5929\u7136\u5177\u5907\u5b9e\u65f6\u6570\u4ed3\uff08real-time analytics\uff09\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 Oracle Exadata\u3001SQL Server MPP \u67b6\u6784\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u65f6\u6570\u4ed3\u573a\u666f\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u771f\u6b63\u7684 HTAP \u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u540c\u65f6\u505a OLTP \u548c OLAP\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u5de5\u7a0b\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u548c\u4ea7\u54c1\u6210\u719f\u5ea6\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u7684 HTAP \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u6240\u6709\u573a\u666f\u90fd\u5177\u5907\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u79bb\u7ebf\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u7684 OLAP \u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u6bd4 HTAP \u7cfb\u7edf\u505a\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u00a0HTAP \u7684\u5178\u578b\u4f18\u52bf\u573a\u666f\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u00a01) \u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u6df7\u5408\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002MySQL \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u53ea\u80fd\u5904\u7406\u7b80\u5355\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u590d\u6742\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u7528\u6237\u4fee\u6539\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u7ed5\u8fc7\u3002\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u662f\u6df7\u5408\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u65e2\u6709\u7b80\u5355\u7684 Key-Value \u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u66f4\u52a0\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8dd1\u6279\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u5b9e\u65f6\u5206\u6790\u51fa\u62a5\u8868\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u5927\u4e8b\u52a1\/\u957f\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\u3001\u5916\u952e\u3001\u7ea6\u675f\u7b49\u4e25\u683c\u6570\u636e\u6821\u9a8c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4f01\u4e1a ERP \u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u00a02) \u5b9e\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u53f0\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u573a\u666f\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528 MySQL \u5206\u5e93\u5206\u8868\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6240\u6709 MySQL \u5206\u5e93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u540c\u6b65\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u6c47\u805a\u5e93\u505a\u5b9e\u65f6\u5206\u6790\u3002\u5177\u5907\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u80fd\u529b\u7684 HTAP \u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u540c\u65f6\u63a5\u7ba1 MySQL \u4ea4\u6613\u5e93\u548c\u6c47\u805a\u5e93\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002\u00a03) \u5728\u7ebf\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u7edf\u4e00\u5904\u7406\u3002DBA \u505a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u89c4\u5212\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u533a\u5206\u5728\u7ebf\u5e93\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u5e93\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u7ebf\u5e93\u505a\u4ea4\u6613\uff0c\u5b9a\u671f\u5c06\u5728\u7ebf\u5e93\u7684\u51b7\u6570\u636e\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u5386\u53f2\u5e93\u3002HTAP \u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u5728\u7ebf\u6570\u636e\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u7edf\u4e00\u6210\u4e00\u4efd\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u4e1a\u52a1\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002\u00a04) \u9762\u5411\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u9762\u5411\u4f01\u4e1a\u5185\u90e8\u4eba\u5458\u7684\uff0c\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u4e0d\u5f3a\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u6570\u636e\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u6570\u4ed3\u573a\u666f\u9700\u8981\u76f4\u63a5\u9762\u5bf9\u6700\u7ec8\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u5347\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u548c\u5e76\u53d1\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6dd8\u5b9d\u5b9e\u65f6\u5206\u6790\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5e7f\u544a\u4e3b\/\u4ee3\u7406\u5546\u7684\u5e7f\u544a\u63a8\u5e7f\u8ba1\u5212\/\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff0c\u652f\u4ed8\u5b9d\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e00\u7b14\u4ea4\u6613\u505a\u5b9e\u65f6\u98ce\u63a7\uff0c\u652f\u4ed8\u5b9d\u53cc\u5341\u4e00\u5f53\u5929\u5b9e\u65f6\u5206\u6790\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5546\u5bb6\u7684\u9500\u552e\u60c5\u51b5\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u5feb\u901f\u8c03\u6574\u8425\u9500\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000042258632\" alt=\"\u56fe\u7247\" title=\"\u56fe\u7247\" loading=\"lazy\"><br \/>\u771f\u6b63\u7684 HTAP \u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8981\u6c42\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u201d\u4e00\u4efd\u6570\u636e\u201d\u540c\u65f6\u505a\u597d\u4ea4\u6613\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u4e00\u4efd\u6570\u636e\u201d\uff1f\u60f3\u8981\u56de\u7b54\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u8981\u56de\u7b54\u54ea\u4e00\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u6700\u53cb\u597d\u4e14\u6027\u4ef7\u6bd4\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u526f\u672c\u6216\u8005\u591a\u79cd\u5f62\u6001\uff08\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\/ BTree \u7d22\u5f15\/ Bitmap \u7d22\u5f15\u7b49\uff09\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u201d\u4e00\u4efd\u6570\u636e\u201d\uff0c\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u6ee1\u8db3 HTAP \u5904\u7406\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\u6700\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u964d\u4f4e\u6570\u636e\u5197\u4f59\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cOceanBase \u5f80\u5f80\u5b58\u50a8\u591a\u4e2a\u526f\u672c\uff08 3 \u4e2a\u526f\u672c\/ 5 \u4e2a\u526f\u672c\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u8ba9\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5907\u526f\u672c\u4e13\u95e8\u505a OLAP \u67e5\u8be2\uff1bOracle IMC \u652f\u6301\u5bf9\u8868\u683c\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acb\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\uff0cSQL Server \u652f\u6301\u5bf9\u8868\u683c\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\/\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acb\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e00\u4efd\u6570\u636e\u201d\u3002\u00a0\u5f88\u591a\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u95ee\u6211\uff1aOceanBase\u201d\u4e00\u4efd\u6570\u636e\u201d\u80fd\u5426\u652f\u6301\u8d44\u6e90\u9694\u79bb\uff1f\u7406\u89e3\u4e86\u201d\u4e00\u4efd\u6570\u636e\u201c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u56de\u7b54\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e HTAP \u6df7\u5408\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f OLTP \u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0cOLAP \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5360\u6bd4\u5f88\u5c11\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e3b\u526f\u672c\u540c\u65f6\u652f\u6301 OLTP \u548c OLAP \u6df7\u5408\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5e76\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5185\u90e8\u5b9e\u73b0\u8d44\u6e90\u903b\u8f91\u9694\u79bb\uff1b\u5982\u679c OLAP \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5360\u6bd4\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e3b\u526f\u672c\u4e0a\u505a OLTP\uff0c\u5728\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u5907\u526f\u672c\u6216\u8005\u53ea\u8bfb\u526f\u672c\u4e0a\u505a OLAP \u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u8d44\u6e90\u7269\u7406\u9694\u79bb\u3002\u00a0\u4e1a\u754c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e24\u5957\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 OLTP \u7cfb\u7edf\u91c7\u7528 RocksDB\/MySQL\uff0cOLAP \u7cfb\u7edf\u91c7\u7528 Spark \u6216\u8005 ClickHouse\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u90e8\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b SQL \u7684\u8def\u7531\u5206\u53d1\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u5e76\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u201c\u4e00\u4efd\u6570\u636e\u201c\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684 HTAP\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a\u91c7\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u540e\u5fc5\u7136\u5bfc\u81f4\u6210\u672c\u5927\u5e45\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\uff0cOLTP \u7cfb\u7edf\u548c OLAP \u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u6709\u5404\u81ea\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u591a\u526f\u672c\u5bb9\u707e\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u4e14\u4e24\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002\u00a0HTAP \u662f\u5426\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5168\u516c\u53f8\u4e00\u5957\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1f\u00a0HTAP \u786e\u5b9e\u80fd\u591f\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u517c\u987e OLTP \u548c OLAP\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868 HTAP \u662f\u4e07\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u5168\u516c\u53f8\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u5957 HTAP \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u9762\u65e2\u6709\u6280\u672f\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u975e\u6280\u672f\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u53f8\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u4e1a\u52a1\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u4e5f\u4f1a\u505a\u62c6\u5206\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u5bfc\u81f4 OLTP \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c OLAP \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u90e8\u95e8\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f OLTP \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6309\u7167\u4e1a\u52a1\u505a\u62c6\u5206\u3002\u5168\u516c\u53f8\u4e00\u5957\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u516c\u53f8\u57fa\u672c\u662f\u4e0d\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e00\u5957 HTAP \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4ea4\u6613\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e00\u5957 HTAP \u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u652f\u6301\u5728\u7ebf\u4ea4\u6613\u5b9e\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u8ba2\u5355\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u5206\u6790\u3002\u00a0\u76f8\u6bd4\u57fa\u4e8e MySQL\/ClickHouse\/Elastic Search\/Presto\/Kylin \u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u642d\u79ef\u6728\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0cHTAP \u786e\u5b9e\u80fd\u591f\u5927\u5927\u7b80\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f HTAP \u7cfb\u7edf\u8db3\u591f\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\u5f80\u5f80\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5355\u72ec\u90e8\u7f72\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5b9e\u65f6\u4e1a\u52a1\u548c\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u90e8\u95e8\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5b9e\u65f6\u4e1a\u52a1\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u5355\u4e00\u6570\u636e\u6e90\uff0c\u800c\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u3002\u00a0HTAP \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u539f\u751f\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u67b6\u6784\u3002\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\uff0cOracle \/ SQL Server \u867d\u7136\u91c7\u7528\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0f\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5177\u5907 HTAP \u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u7406 OLTP \u548c OLAP \u6df7\u5408\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0cOracle Exadata \u4e00\u4f53\u673a\u4e5f\u662f\u7ecf\u5178\u7684 HTAP \u65b9\u6848\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u539f\u751f\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u4ee5 OceanBase \u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f HTAP \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5177\u5907\u5904\u7406\u5927\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u62d3\u5bbd\u4e86 HTAP \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002\u00a0HTAP \u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u727a\u7272\u4e8b\u52a1\u8fd8\u662f\u5206\u6790\uff1f\u00a0\u771f\u6b63\u7684 HTAP \u8981\u6c42\u5148\u6709\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684 OLTP\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728 OLTP \u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u652f\u6301\u5b9e\u65f6\u5206\u6790\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f Oracle\/SQL Server \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0f HTAP \u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f OceanBase \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f HTAP \u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4e1a\u754c\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u201cHTAP \u4ea7\u54c1\u201d\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u6027\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u5dee\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f HTAP \u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8fd9\u7c7b\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b9e\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u00a0HTAP \u7684\u201c\u4e00\u4efd\u6570\u636e\u201d\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u526f\u672c\u6216\u8005\u591a\u79cd\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4e3b\u526f\u672c\u91c7\u7528\u884c\u5b58\uff0c\u5907\u526f\u672c\u91c7\u7528\u5217\u5b58\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u4e5f\u80fd\u505a\u5230\u4e0d\u727a\u7272\u5206\u6790\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u7684 HTAP \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u90fd\u662f\u5728 OLTP \u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5de5\u7a0b\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0cOLAP \u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4e00\u822c\u4f1a\u5f31\u4e8e\u4e13\u95e8\u7684 OLAP \u7cfb\u7edf\u3002HTAP \u9002\u5408 OLTP \u6216\u8005 OLTP \u4e0e\u5b9e\u65f6 OLAP \u6df7\u5408\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e24\u7c7b\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u79bb\u7ebf\u6570\u4ed3\u6216\u8005\u5927\u6570\u636e\u65e0\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u573a\u666f\u3002<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000042258633\" alt=\"\u56fe\u7247\" title=\"\u56fe\u7247\" loading=\"lazy\"><br \/>\u771f\u6b63\u7684 HTAP \u662f\u5728 OLTP \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u6269\u5c55 OLAP \u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u7ecf\u5178\u7684 OLTP \u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5f00\u6e90\u7684 MySQL\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5546\u4e1a\u6570\u636e\u5e93 Oracle\/SQL Server\uff0c\u90fd\u91c7\u7528\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0f\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u5e95\u5c42\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u662f\u9762\u5411\u78c1\u76d8\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684 B+ \u6811\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u4e3a\u5c0f\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u4e8b\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u91cf\u8eab\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\uff0c\u8bfb\u5199\u6027\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u4f46\u76f8\u6bd4 LSM Tree \u7b49\u65b0\u578b\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5b58\u50a8\u6210\u672c\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002\u4ee5 OceanBase \u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e95\u5c42\u91c7\u7528\u4f18\u5316\u8fc7\u7684 LSM Tree \u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u5728\u652f\u4ed8\u5b9d\u6240\u6709\u4e1a\u52a1\u5b8c\u5168\u66ff\u6362 Oracle\/MySQL\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u6210\u672c\u53ea\u6709\u539f\u6765 B+ \u6811\u65b9\u6848\u7684 1\/3 \u5de6\u53f3\u3002\u00a0\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9 OLTP \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5177\u5907 OLAP \u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5927\u6570\u636e\u91cf OLAP \u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u601d\u8003\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\u00a0\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5f15\u5165\u539f\u751f\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u67b6\u6784\u548c\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5927\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u591f\u5904\u7406\u6700\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u4ea4\u6613\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u5904\u7406\u66f4\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5168\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u3002OceanBase \u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e LSM-Tree \u7684\u884c\u5217\u6df7\u5408\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5927\u5e45\u964d\u4f4e\u5b58\u50a8\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u5e76\u5728 OLTP \u548c OLAP \u4e8c\u8005\u6027\u80fd\u53d6\u5f97\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u00a0\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u652f\u6301 OLTP \u4e0e OLAP \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u9694\u79bb\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u9762\u65e2\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u526f\u672c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7269\u7406\u9694\u79bb\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u526f\u672c\u5185\u90e8\u7684 CPU\/\u7f51\u7edc\/\u78c1\u76d8\/\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u9694\u79bb\uff0c\u5c06 cgroup \u96c6\u6210\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5f15\u64ce\u5185\u90e8\u505a\u903b\u8f91\u8d44\u6e90\u9694\u79bb\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u00a0\u518d\u6b21\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u652f\u6301\u590d\u6742\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u5927\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u4f18\u5316\u5668\u3001\u5e76\u884c\u6267\u884c\u3001\u5411\u91cf\u6267\u884c\u7b49\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u672f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u5668\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u8981\u8003\u8651\u5355\u673a\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u591a\u673a\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u5668\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u5e45\u589e\u52a0\uff1b\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5e76\u884c\u6267\u884c\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6545\u969c\u5bb9\u9519\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u00a0\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u652f\u6301 OLAP \u7684\u6570\u636e\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u5efa\u6a21\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u5c42\u6b21\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u660e\u7ec6\u5c42\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u670d\u52a1\u5c42\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5c42\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u652f\u6301\u5b9e\u65f6\u5206\u6790\u80fd\u529b\uff0cHTAP \u9700\u8981\u652f\u6301\u9ad8\u6548\u6613\u7528\u7684\u7269\u5316\u89c6\u56fe\uff0c\u5916\u90e8\u8868\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u5165\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u5404\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u5177\u548c BI \u5de5\u5177\u5b8c\u6210\u9002\u914d\u5bf9\u63a5\u3002<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\" src=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/img\/remote\/1460000042258634\" alt=\"\u56fe\u7247\" title=\"\u56fe\u7247\" loading=\"lazy\"><br \/>\u672c\u4eba\u4ece\u4e8b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5185\u6838\u7814\u53d1\u5341\u51e0\u5e74\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u662f\u7ecf\u5178\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u535a\u5927\u7cbe\u6df1\u6d69\u5982\u70df\u6d77\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u63a2\u7d22\u7684 HTAP\u00a0\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u521b\u65b0\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece Oracle\/SQL Server\u00a0\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u501f\u9274\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u662f\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0f\u67b6\u6784\u7684HTAP\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u505a\u7684\u662f\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u67b6\u6784\u7684 HTAP\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u62d3\u5c55 HTAP \u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002\u00a0HTAP \u4e0d\u662f\u4e07\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u9002\u5408\u5355\u4e2a\u4e1a\u52a1\u90e8\u95e8\u7684 OLTP \u548c\u5b9e\u65f6 OLAP \u7684\u6df7\u5408\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5904\u7406\u3002\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7ec8\u6001 HTAP \u65b9\u6848\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e00\u4efd\u6570\u636e\u201d\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u4ea4\u6613\u548c\u5b9e\u65f6\u5206\u6790\u7684\u9ad8\u6027\u4ef7\u6bd4\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u201c\u4e00\u4efd\u6570\u636e\u201d\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u526f\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u6210\u591a\u79cd\u5f62\u6001\uff08\u884c\u5b58\/\u5217\u5b58\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002\u00a0OceanBase \u4ece 2010 \u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u4e00\u76f4\u575a\u6301\u505a\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f HTAP\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5df2\u7ecf\u505a\u4e86 12 \u5e74\uff0c\u4f46\u79bb\u4ea7\u54c1\u5b8c\u5168\u6210\u719f\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5f88\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u6709 HTAP \u6280\u672f\u7cfb\u5217\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684 HTAP \u6280\u672f\u65b9\u6848\u548c\u573a\u666f\u4ef7\u503c\u5206\u4eab\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6848\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f88\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a2\u8ba8\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u00a0\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.segmentfault.com\/?enc=Ok9P5msWbLh3dfXP7Zl0IA%3D%3D.OVKIMKm35idqLr5UUJsCKdT8NS%2BqfS98FB3oZenXhJ99icRL4Nks4sUKi09O6WWX\" rel=\"nofollow\">http:\/\/click.aliyun.com\/m\/100&#8230;<\/a>\u672c\u6587\u4e3a\u963f\u91cc\u4e91\u539f\u521b\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u672a\u7ecf\u5141\u8bb8\u4e0d\u5f97\u8f6c\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/a\/1190000042258629\">https:\/\/segmentfault.com\/a\/1190000042258629<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7b80\u4ecb\uff1a\u00a0Gartner 2016 \u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u63d0\u51fa HTAP\uff08Hybrid Transaction \/ Analyt [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10006086","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10006086","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10006086"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10006086\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10006086"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10006086"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itmax.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10006086"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}